Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (177 page)

Anderson, "Bloody Bill,"
292
,
787
,
788

Anderson, Robert: and Fort Sumter,
264
–74

   recruits Kentucky unionists,
295

Andersonville prison: notoriety of,
755
,
791

   conditions at,
796

   mortality at,
796
,
796
–97n,
802

   controversies about,
797
–98,
801
–2,
810

Andrew, John: and 1860 election,
227

   sends regiments to Washington,
274
,
286

   and General Stone,
363

   raises black regiments,
565

Anthony, Susan B.,
785

Antietam, battle of,
538
–44,
559
,
569
,
572

   consequences of,
545
,
556
–57,
561
,
858

Antislavery movement: origins of,
8
,
88

   and free soil sentiment in 1840s,
54
–55

   and Whig party,
86
–87

   and nativism,
137
–38.
See also
Abolitionists

   Free Soil party

   Republican party

Appomattox Courthouse: Lee's surrender at,
684
,
848
–50

   northern celebration of,
850
–51

Arkansas, C.S.S
.,
421
–22

Armistead, Lewis A.,
662

Army, Confederate: number of men in,
306
–7n

   organization and mobilization of,
316
–21,
330
–31n

   election of officers,
327
–28

   political generals,
328

   discipline and training,
329
–31

   strategy,
336
–38

   tactics,
472
–77

   class composition of,
614
–15

   reenlistment of soldiers required in 1864,
719
.
See also
Conscription in Confederacy

   
names of battles

   
names of commanders

   
names of separate armies

Army, Union: number of men in,
306
–7n

   organization and mobilization of,
313
,
322
–26,
330
–31n,
348

   election of officers,
326
–27

   political generals,
328
–29

   discipline and training,
329
–31

   strategy,
331
–36

   tactics,
472
–77

   expansion by Lincoln's call for new troops, 1862,
491
–93

   ethnic and class composition,
606
–8

   veteran reenlistments,
719
–20.
See also
Conscription in Union

   
names of battles

   
names of commanders

   
names of separate armies

Army of the Cumberland,
281
,
646

   designation of,
522
,
579

   crippled by Stones River,
583

   Tullahoma campaign,
669

   reinforced after Chickamauga,
675

   Thomas takes command,
676
,
677

   in Georgia campaign,
744
,
754

Army of the Gulf, Red River campaign,
722

Army of Mississippi (Confed.),
282
,
515
,
576
,
622

Army of the Mississippi (Union),
402

Army of Northern Virginia,
583

   Lee named commander,
462

   casualties of,
471
–72

   Maryland invasion,
534

   condition of,
535

   after Antietam,
568

   Pennsylvania invasion,
649
,
651

   at Gettysburg,
655
–56,
660

   after Gettysburg,
671

   Longstreet's divisions at Chickamauga,
672

   morale in 1864,
719

   Wilderness campaign,
724

   casualties spring 1864,
743

Army of the Ohio,
402

   at Shiloh,
412

   Chattanooga campaign,
512
–13

   captures Knox-ville,
670

   in Georgia campaign,
744

Army of the Potomac,
282
,
525
,
685

   created by McClellan,
348
–49

   idleness of,
367

   corps organization,
424

   resilience of,
469
,
652

   casualties,
471
–72

   reveres McClellan,
505
,
534

   and 2nd Bull Run,
528

   absorbs Army of Virginia,
533

   in Antietam campaign,
538
,
540
,
541
,
581

   and Emancipation Proclamation,
559

   removal of McClellan from command,
561
,
569

   after Antietam,
568

   Burnside as commander,
570

   demoralization after Fredericksburg,
584

   morale rise under Hooker,
585
,
639

   after Chancellors-ville,
646

   in Gettysburg campaign,
651
–52,
653
–55,
663
,
667

   after Gettysburg,
671

   two corps to Chattanooga,
675
–76,
681
,
744
,
754

   Grant makes headquarters with,
718

   conscripts and substitutes,
720

   and Wilderness campaign,
723
–24,
728

   Cold Harbor syndrome,
735

   move to Petersburg,
739
–40

   crippling of, by Wilderness to Petersburg campaign,
741
–42,
743
,
756

   black troops in,
759

   revival of fighting tone,
780

   and McClellan's presidential candidacy,
803

   breakthrough at Petersburg,
844
–45,
846

   Grand Review,
853

Army of the Shenandoah,
758
,
779

Army of Tennessee (Confed.),
281

   Perryville campaign,
515

   dissension in,
576
,
583
,
676
–77

   retreat after Murfreesboro,
582

   desertions from,
613

   low morale of, at Chattanooga,
681

   improvement of morale under Johnston,
750

   after fall of Atlanta,
807

   destruction of,
811
,
813
,
828

   debate over arming blacks in,
832
–33

Army of the Tennessee (Union): formal creation,
512

   and Grant,
589

   reinforces Chattanooga,
676

   in Georgia campaign,
744

   Howard named commander,
754

Army of Virginia,
501

Ashby, Turner,
456
,
457
,
458

Atchison, David R.: and Kansas-Nebraska Act,
122
–23

   slavery issue in Kansas,
145
–48,
155

Atlanta: campaign for,
743
–53

   battles for,
754
–56

   fall of,
773
–75,
776
,
858

Bagby, George W.,
428

Baker, Edward,
362

Baldwin, John,
271

"Balloon-frame" construction,
16
–17

Ball's Bluff, battle of,
362
,
367
,
444

Baltimore: assassination plot against Lincoln,
261
–62

   mob attacks 6th Mass.,
285

   arrest of secessionists in,
287
,
289

Banks, Nathaniel P.,
488

   elected speaker,
144

   in 1856 election,
154
,
156

   political general,
328

   in Shenandoah Valley,
350
,
425
,
455

   defeated by Jackson,
456
–57,
501

   at Cedar Mountain,
526

   transferred to Louisiana,
624

   capture of Port Hudson,
637
–38

   Texas campaigns,
683

   and Louisiana reconstruction,
703
–8