Children of Paradise (76 page)

“The majority of people here
like
one another”
:
Mir Hossein Mousavi, “Interview with Kaleme: The Green Movement Is Standing Firm on Its Rightful Demands,” Feb. 27, 2010, http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/elections/pres/2009/candidates/mousavi/27-february-2010/.

In an October statement, Mousavi included
:
Mir Hossein Mousavi, “The Significance of the 13th of Aban,” Oct. 31, 2009, http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/elections/pres/2009/candidates/mousavi/31-october-2009/.

According to a 2013 Reuters report
:
Yeganeh Torbati, “Insight: Ahead of Vote, ‘Kidnapped’ Iran Reformists Imprisoned at Home,” June 11, 2013, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/06/11/us-iran-election-opposition-insight-idUSBRE95A0OH20130611.

“Recently, for five days in a row”
:
Laura Secor, “Iran’s Green Movement: An Interview with Mehdi Karroubi,” in
The People Reloaded: The Green Movement and the Struggle for Iran’s Future
, ed. Nader Hashemi and Danny Postel (Brooklyn, NY: Melville House, 2011), 408–14.

“the world of my own language”
:
On Zweig’s biography, see Leo Spitzer,
Lives in Between: Assimilation and Marginality in Austria, Brazil, West Africa, 1780–1945
(Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1989). See also Leo Care, “The Escape Artist: The Life and Death of Stefan Zweig,”
The New Yorker
,Aug. 27, 2012.

“To burn a man alive”
:
Stefan Zweig,
The Right to Heresy: Castellio Against Calvin
, trans. Eden and Cedar Paul (London: Cassell, 1936), 216.

“When I reflect on what a heretic really is”
:
Ibid., 188.

“The eternal tragedy of despots”
:
Ibid., 228.

“Many of the humanities and liberal arts”
:
Michael Slackman, “Purge of Iranian Universities Is Feared,”
New York Times
, Sept. 1, 2009, http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/02/world/middleeast/02iran.html.

Abdolkarim Soroush responded with an idea
:
All the quotations of Soroush here are from: Abdolkarim Soroush, “A Word of Advice to the Advocates of Islamic Human Sciences,” Oct. 9, 2010, http://drsoroush.com/en/a-word-of-advice-to-the-advocates-of-islamic-human-sciences/.

She posted a loving exchange
:
Nazila Fathi, “To Reza in Jail: Love and Unity,”
New York Times
, Week in Review, May 15, 2010, http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/16/weekinreview/16fathi.html.

In an open letter smuggled from Evin in 2010
:
Quotations from the Tajzadeh letter are discussed in Muhammad Sahimi, “Tajzadeh: Reformists Should Ask Nation for Forgiveness,” Tehran Bureau,
Frontline
, PBS.org, June 15, 2010, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/tehranbureau/2010/06/tajzadeh-reformists-should-ask-the-nation-for-forgiveness.html.

EPILOGUE

“Just let go of reformism“
:
Arash Karami, “Former Tehran Mayor Reveals Why Reformists Decided to Support Rouhani,”
Al-Monitor
, April 8, 2014, http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/04/former-tehran-mayor-explains-reformists-support-rouhani.html#ixzz3k2ryhelx.

In a record year for executions
:
“Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ahmed Shaheed,” March 12, 2015, http://shaheedoniran.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/HRC-2015.pdf, 6.

By a 2014 tally
:
Committee to Protect Journalists, “2014 Prison Census: 221 Journalists Jailed Worldwide,” Dec. 1, 2014, https://www.cpj.org/imprisoned/2014.php.

making peace with the events of 2009
:
In general, I find Iranian opinion polls to be suspect. Iranians are careful what they say on the phone to loved ones, let alone to strangers, because there is good reason to fear retribution for political speech. So when a pollster calls to ask your views on the events of 2009, if your opinions don’t track with the official line, maybe you decline the call, or maybe you dissemble, or maybe you brazenly tell the truth. We can’t know why people answer the way they do, but we know that they are weighing sensitivities other than their own. Hence I relay these numbers with substantial doubt as to what they tell us: In a 2015 opinion poll, 59 percent of respondents said they now believed there was no fraud in the 2009 election. Forty percent said that the protesters had no right to demonstrate, and 40 percent approved of the police response. Still, when they were asked who the protesters were, 41 percent of respondents said the demonstrators were ordinary people; 21 percent said they were students or youth. Only 9 percent said the protesters were rich people, despite state propaganda to that effect. And the smallest group of all— 6 percent—bought the idea that they were a conspiracy guided by foreigners. See iPOS (Information and Public Opinion Solutions) Poll, “Iranians’ Views on the Green Movement Legacy,” June 22, 2015, https://www.ipos.me/en/; IranWire, “View from Iran, The Green Movement,” June 23, 2015, http://en.iranwire.com/features/6576/.

S
ELECTED
B
IBLIOGRAPHY

T
HIS BOOK OWES A GREAT DEBT
to the vast, challenging, and fascinating scholarly literature on Iran. I have included here the books and journal articles that substantially contributed to my understanding of this country and its politics. Many of the authors also generously fielded my phone calls and inquiries specific to their areas of expertise. Not included are the great many contemporaneous newspaper articles and websites that are cited in the endnotes, along with the invaluable resources compiled by the Iran Human Rights Documentation Center in New Haven, Connecticut; the Iran Data Portal at Princeton University; and
Encyclopædia Iranica
at Columbia University.

Abdo, Geneive, and Jonathan Lyons.
Answering Only to God: Faith and Freedom in Twenty-first-Century Iran.
New York: Henry Holt, 2003.

Abrahamian, Ervand.
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New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1989.

———.
Khomeinism: Essays on the Islamic Republic.
Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1993.

———.
Tortured Confessions: Prisons and Public Recantations in Modern Iran.
Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1999.

Adelkah, Fariba.
Being Modern in Iran.
New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.

Afshari, Reza.
Human Rights in Iran: The Abuse of Cultural Relativism.
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2001.

Al-e Ahmad, Jalal.
Occidentosis: A Plague from the West.
Translated by R. Campbell and edited by Hamid Algar. Berkeley, CA: Mizan Press, 1984.

———. “Samad and the Folk Legend.” In
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, ed. Michael Hillmann. Lexington, KY: Mazda, 1982.

Ansari, Hamid.
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Arendt, Hannah.
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Arjomand, Saïd Amir.
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Asadi, Houshang.
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Axworthy, Michael.
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Bahari, Maziar, with Aimee Malloy.
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New York: Random House, 2011.

Baktiari, Bahman.
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Bashiriyeh, Hossein.
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Bayat, Asef.
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Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2007.

———.
Street Politics: Poor People’s Movements in Iran.
New York: Columbia University Press, 1997.

Behrangi, Samad. “The Little Black Fish,” in
The Little Black Fish and Other Modern Persian Stories.
Translated by Eric Hooglund and Mary Hooglund. Washington, DC: Three Continents Press, 1976.

Blight, James G., Janet M. Lang, Hussain Banai, Malcolm Byrne, and John Tirman.
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New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 2012.

Boroujerdi, Mehrzad.
Iranian Intellectuals and the West: The Tormented Triumph of Nativism.
Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1996.

Brinton, Crane.
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New York: Vintage, 1965.

Brumberg, Daniel.
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Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001.

Buchan, James.
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Chehabi, H. E.
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London: I. B. Tauris, 1990.

Dabashi, Hamid.
Theology of Discontent: The Ideological Foundation of the Islamic Revolution in Iran.
New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction, 2008.

———, and Peter Chelkowski.
Staging a Revolution: The Art of Persuasion in the Islamic Republic of Iran.
New York: New York University Press, 1999.

Ebadi, Shirin, with Azadeh Moaveni.
Iran Awakening: A Memoir of Revolution and Hope.
New York: Random House, 2006.

Ehsani, Kaveh. “The Politics of Property in the Islamic Republic of Iran.” In
The Rule of Law, Islam, and Constitutional Politics in Egypt and Iran
, ed. Said Amir Arjomand and Nathan J. Brown, 153–79. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2013.

Ganji, Akbar.
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Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2008.

———. “Who Is Ali Khamenei? The Worldview of Iran’s Supreme Leader.”
Foreign Affairs
92, no. 5 (Sept./Oct. 2013), 24–48.

Ghamari-Tabrizi, Behrooz.
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London: I. B. Tauris, 2008.

Gheissari, Ali.
Iranian Intellectuals in the 20th Century.
Austin: University of Texas Press, 1998.

———, and Vali Nasr.
Democracy in Iran: History and the Quest for Liberty.
New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.

Hakakian, Roya.
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Hanson, Brad. “The ‘Westoxication’ of Iran: Depictions and Reactions of Behrangi, Al-e Ahmad, and Shariati.”
International Journal of Middle East Studies
15, no. 1 (Feb. 1983), 1–23.