Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (209 page)

A type of
FANCY BARROW
characterized by one or more small low round mounds each covering a central burial and set within a circular or oval ditched enclosure. Mainly found in southern England and dating to the early 2nd millennium
bc
. Closely associated with the
WESSEX CULTURE
.

 
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The context, environment, and conditions within which a defined knowledge is produced and made accessible to others. Discourse is not simply the content of what is said or shown (a printed text, lecture, museum display, TV programme, and so on), it also includes the conceptual, social, and historical conditions behind the statements made. Discourse brings in people, buildings, institutions, rules, values, desires, concepts, machines, instruments, and anything else that could have played a part in the construction of knowledge. The idea of discourse also carries with it the notion of inclusion and exclusion; statements are arranged according to systems whereby some people are admitted, others excluded, and contributions from some people are endorsed as legitimate candidates for assessment, while others are judged as not worthy of comment.

 
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A shallow vessel, which can be defined as having a height less than one-third, but greater than one-seventh, of its diameter.

 
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Following the Reformation in England, Henry VIII closed all the religious houses in the later 1530s
ad
; their property was redistributed or sold by the crown. Chantries, religious fraternities, and colleges were abolished in the later 1540s.

 
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Remote from the point of origin, the place furthest away from the point of contact or connection with the source or host. In flint working the distal end of a flake is the one opposite the striking platform. See also
PROXIMAL
.

 
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A mathematically constructed function that expresses the inverse relationship between the quantity of a particular material, or the number of examples of an artefact type, and the distance from its source. The examination of different patterns of distance decay allows insights into early exchange practices, for example the use of regional markets as redistribution centres for bulk supplies of goods, or the use of river routes and seaways to facilitate the long-distance movement of goods that move very slowly over land.

 
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