Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (210 page)

The production of varied final conditions from originally similar states.

 
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The specialization of work tasks, by means of which different occupations are combined within a production system. All societies have at least some rudimentary form of division of labour, especially between the tasks allocated to men and those performed by women. With the development of industrialism, however, the division of labour becomes vastly more complex than in any prior type of production system.

 
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See
DESERTED MEDIEVAL VILLAGE
.

 
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See
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID
.

 
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The late Iron Age tribe living in the west of England in the Cotswolds and in the upper Thames Valley to the east of the Severn and in the Forest of Dean and Worcester to the west. The capital of the region, at least from the early 1st century
ad
onwards, was at Bagindon near Cirencester, although other centres must also have been important in such a large area. Developed hillforts and enclosed
oppida
were the high-level units of the settlement system, around which were numerous smaller enclosures and open settlements. The Dobunni issued coins from about 35
bc
: the succession of rulers recorded on these include Bodvoc (15–10 bc), Anted (10 bc–ad 10), Comux (ad 10–15), Eisu (ad 15–30), and Catti (ad 15–43).

 
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Four-legged flesh-eating mammal (Canis), ultimately descended from the wolf, now represented as domestic and wild species with many different breeds. Dogs were probably the earliest species to be domesticated and were at first mainly used in hunting. In America, dogs probably accompanied the first human communities colonizing the continent. In North America domestic examples are known from before 10000 bc, and in Peru domesticated examples date from about 600 bc. In Central America dog was an important source of food.

 
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