Congo (124 page)

Mwilu, Marie, 151, 152

Namibia, 130, 138, 258, 311, 439, 445

Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 233

Natalis de Cleene, Père, 75

National Colonial Congress, 179

nationalism, 37–38, 351–54, 413, 484

nationalization, 262, 345–46, 356, 357–58

NATO, 287

Ndele, Albert, 224, 325

Ndjoli, Victorine, 212, 225, 235, 270

ndombolo
(dance style), 477, 481, 485

Nehru, Jawaharlal, 233

Nendaka, Victor, 325

Netherlands, 37, 426, 457

Neto, Agostinho, 371

Ngombe, François, 212

Ngoy, Adolphine, 349

Ngumbi, Louis, 185

Ngunzism, 153

Nguza Karl-I-Bond, Jean, 376, 384, 401, 403

Ngwadi, Longin, 207–11, 213, 240, 276–79, 288, 305, 359–60

Niasse, Moustapha, 467

Nigeria, trade with China, 526

Nile River, 34, 36, 59–60, 81

Nile Valley, 31

Nirahabimana, Grâce, 522–23

Nixon, Richard M., 376

Njoli, Joseph, 128

Nkamba (Holy City), 142–47, 150, 152

Nkasi, Etienne, 6–11, 13, 38, 96, 102, 137, 154–61, 222, 295, 533

    in Kikwit, 159–61

    and Kimbangu, 142–43

    in Kinshasa, 117–18, 127, 154

    as manual laborer, 119–20, 121–22, 154

    marriage of, 156

    and missionaries, 48–49, 72

    and native unrest, 154–55

    and railroads, 84–85, 116, 127, 155–56, 526

    travels of, 116–17

Nkayi, Pascal, 265

Nkoi, Maria (Marie aux Léopards), 137–38

Nkrumah, Kwame, 245, 391

Nkunda, Laurent, 461, 472, 473, 495, 514, 515–24, 532

Ntaganda, Bosco, 459–60, 518, 524

Numbi, John, 509

Nyanga people, 411

Nyerere, Julius, 245

Nyiragongo volcano, 515

Nzimbu Diluzeyi, Hélène, 135–36

Nzinga Kuwu, King, 21

Nzinga Mvemba, Prince, 21

Obama, Barack, 274, 533–34

Obote, Milton, 413

oil crisis, 358, 374

okapi, 13

Okito, Joseph, 307

OK Jazz, 235, 330, 348, 352

Olenga, Nicholas, 324

Olomide, Koffi, 477, 492, 495

Oman, sultan of, 31

Onema, Mama, 322

ONUC (Opération des Nations Unies au Congo), 297

Operation Artémis, 473, 497

Operation Dragon Rouge, 326

Operation Grand Slam, 316

Operation Ommegang, 326

Opération Turqoise, 414–15

Organization for African Unity, 410

Orientale province, 15, 137

Otenga, Libert, 188–89, 190–91, 200

OTRAG (Orbital Transport und Raketen Aktiengesellschaft), 366

Overbergh, Cyrille van, 112

Pacheco, Johnny, 348

pagne
, 352, 355

Pakasa, Thérèse, 392

palm oil, 19, 30, 126–27, 161, 191

Pan-African Congress, 180

Panda Farnana, Paul, 138, 178, 179–80

Paris Club, 374–75, 378

Paris Peace Conference (1919), 138

Pasquale, Monsieur, 155–56

The Passion of Christ
(movie), 494

Pay Pay, Pierre, 500

Peace
, 69, 76, 99–100

Peigneux, Firmin, 157–59

Pelgrim, Willy, 357

Pels, Dick, 479

Pemba, Kuku, 359–60

Pende, 161, 163, 168–69, 174, 192, 320

Pentecostalism, 489–94, 496, 516, 550

Permanent Commission for the Protection of Natives, 93, 105, 203, 205

Permentier, René de, 92

Pétillon, Léon, 202, 210–11, 222, 240, 276, 277

physicians, 106–10

Piaf, Edith, 215

Picard, Edmond, 66–67

Picasso, Pablo, 352

Pointer Sisters, 348

Poland, 297, 309

Polar beer, 243

Portugal:

    Carnation Revolution in, 371

    colonies of, 23, 52, 53, 54, 130, 258

    territorial disputes with, 59

    trade with, 21–23, 30, 54

PPRD (Parti du Peuple pour la Reconstruction et la Démocratie), 501, 502, 506

Primus beer, 243, 474, 476–77, 479, 480, 483–85

proletarianization, 125–27

Protestant missionaries, 72, 74, 76, 96, 102, 103, 116, 147–49, 150

PSA (Parti Solidaire Africain), 254, 255

Punga, Bertin, 435

Pygmies, 14, 18, 19, 24, 64, 112, 349, 453, 454

quinine, 65, 191

race:

    army violence against whites, 82–83

    atrocities of, 92, 288, 289, 324, 459

    black pride, 347–48

    blacks considered children, 170, 206

    blacks in cities, 165–68

    civil rights, 244

    color bar, 176–78, 216–17, 244

    and control, 169, 171, 172, 175, 177–78, 200

    and corporal punishment, 216, 217

    and ethnographers, 110–16

    and fear, 165, 174, 178, 206, 249, 288–91

    gap between races, 204–5, 230, 231, 272–73, 285–86, 288

    gradual civilization of blacks, 204

    in Guangzhou, 550

    integration in Belgium, 239

    legends of, 193

    mixed parentage, 203–4

    and native middle class, 217

    and native unrest, 141–42, 149, 153, 156, 160, 161, 162–63, 175, 176, 200–201, 205, 248–49, 251, 255

    Pan-Africanism, 180

    postwar life for blacks, 204–5

    postwar riots, 178–80

    prejudice, 290–92

    and premium system, 85–86

    segregation, 125, 159, 170, 177, 205, 216, 218, 221, 232, 239

    and slave trade,
see
slave trade

    strikes, 179

    us/them logic, 177, 216–19

    Western invasion after blacks kill whites, 163, 372–73

    white, right-wing regimes, 311, 312

radicalization, 357–58

Radio Congo Belge, 212–13, 234

Radio Okapi, 176, 180, 488

railroads, 8, 79, 83–86, 116, 120–22, 127, 155–56

    and BCK, 121, 313

    Katanga-Angola line, 313, 369

    premium system, 85–86, 90

    strikes, 194, 202

Raphaël, Tata, 215, 231, 268

Rashidi, 465

Rastafarians, 185, 515

RCD (Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie), 443–49, 451, 452–53, 516

RCD-G, 451, 453, 467, 472

RCD-K, 451

RCD-K/ML, 451, 453

RCD-ML, 451, 454, 467

RCD-N, 453, 467

Reagan, Ronald, 376, 390

Regis, Simba, 442–44

religion:

    ancestor worship, 355

    churches of the awakening, 490

    Kimbanguism, 142–44, 147–48, 151–53, 355

    and media, 489

    missions,
see
missionaries

    new movements, 153–54

    Pentecostalism, 489–94, 496, 550

    and racial legends, 193

    serial monotheism, 492

    and unrest, 137, 161–62, 175–76

Renkin, Jules, 104

Republic of Congo, 11;
see also
First Republic; Second Republic; Third Republic

République Populaire du Congo, 324

retrocession, 358

Rhodes, Cecil, 80

Rhodesia, 122–23, 131, 176, 311, 312

river blindness, 329

roads, 15, 142, 379, 529

Roberto, Holden, 371

rocket launching, 365–67, 369–70

Roi David (performer), 480

Romania, 363–65, 392

Rommel, Erwin, 186

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 190

Ross, Ronald, 106

Rossi, Tino, 141, 355

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 59

Rovinscky, Papa (Van-Duel), 292–93

rubber, 87–88, 90–91, 92–96, 98, 119, 126, 191, 293, 357, 555

    “red rubber” policy, 95–96, 120, 195

    and wartime, 198

Ruberwa, Azarias, 451, 467, 497, 500, 516

Rukengwa, Pascal, 499–501, 503–4

Russia, 37, 457

    from 1917 to 1991,
see
Soviet Union

    and Angola, 371, 372

    October Revolution (1917), 194

Rwanda, 14, 16, 60, 130, 139, 271, 322

    and CNDP, 522