Death of a Dissident (67 page)

Nixon, Richard M., 335

Nizhny Tagil, Russia, 284, 286

NKVD, 124, 178

non-governmental organizations (NGOs), 239-40, 249, 274, 309-10, 311-12

Norilsk Nickel, 111

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 151, 160, 187

Novaya Gazeta
, 133-34, 158, 270, 279

Blowing Up Russia
excerpted in, 246

Moscow theater siege investigation and, 275-76

Politkovskaya’s writings in, 237, 305

Ryazan bomb scare reportage by, 196-98

Schekochihin’s writings in, 133-34, 158

Novodvorskaya, Valeria, 308

Novye Atagi, Chechnya, 105

NTV television network, 34, 52

Chechen conflict and, 61, 88, 117, 236-37, 305

Dorenko’s broadcast on, 235

election of 1996 and, 64, 67, 77, 79, 80-81

election of 1999 and, 192

election of 2000 and, 172-73

government crackdown on, 173, 205, 208, 213, 233, 238, 249

Kukly
show on, 60, 61

Kursk
disaster and, 209, 211

Ryazan bomb scare and, 198, 205, 249

oil and gas industry, 53, 54-57, 71, 109-12, 138-39, 319

oligarchs, 3, 41, 48-49, 60, 65, 68, 74, 78, 110, 111, 116-17, 123, 172, 211-12, 213, 229-30, 231, 249, 265

rise of, 52-57

robber barons compared with, 45-57, 115

operative detectives (opers), 23-24

Orange Revolution (in Ukraine), 285, 307, 315-16, 347

ORT (Russian Public Television), 33-37, 49, 51, 54, 55, 57, 77, 80, 81, 113, 141, 319

Chechen conflict and, 90, 101

election of 1999 and, 234

Kursk
disaster and, 209, 210, 211, 234

Lebed firing and, 99

Litvinenko confession taped by, 131, 132, 137

Russian government crackdown on, 154, 210, 233-36, 237

Ostankino TV, 34

Ovchinsky, Vladimir, 39, 40

Ozersk nuclear facility, 337

Pacifico, Don, 245

Pale Horse, The
(Christie), 320

Palmerston, Henry John Temple, Third Viscount, 245

Pankisi Gorge, Georgia, 260-62, 269, 290

Parfitt, Tom, 329

Parliament, Russian, 158, 159, 191, 240, 263
see also
Duma, Russian; Federation Council, Russian

Party of Peace, 138

Party of War, 95, 96, 98, 100, 101, 243-44, 287

Patarkatsishvili, Badri, 235, 236, 237

Patrushev, Nikolai, 196-97, 252

Pauline (Menzies secretary), 244-45

Pavel (FSB informant), 300-302, 303, 321

Pervomaiskoye, Russia, 59, 71, 88-91, 93, 107

Peter I (the Great), Czar of Russia, 62, 76

Pinochet, Augusto, 208, 243

Pinyaev, Alexei, 197-98

plutonium, 343

Podolsk gang, 39

police corruption, 31, 35, 41, 61, 119

Politkovskaya, Anna, 237

Moscow theater siege investigation and, 275-76

murder of, 316-17, 321, 328, 329, 348

Zakayev case and, 305

polonium, 331-32, 335-42, 343

commercial use of, 336

half-life of, 337

Litvinenko’s estimated exposure to, 336

production of, 337-38

Ponkin, Andrei, 125-26, 130-31, 132, 145-46, 168

as Litvinenko informer, 219

Ponomarev, Lev, 310

Potanin, Vladimir, privatization and, 110-11, 115-16

Primakov, Evgeny, 63, 70, 202

background of, 140

Berezovsky and, 140-41, 142-43, 144-46, 154-57, 162, 164, 181, 186

Chechen peace urged by, 290

election of 1999 and, 191-92, 194, 234

election of 2000 and, 164, 172, 174, 177, 180, 181, 195

Putin and, 154, 156-59, 164, 195, 206

Skuratov and, 146, 154, 158, 161

Sobchak and, 154

Yeltsin and, 144-45, 155, 156, 161, 172

Prodi, Romano, 342

Public Commission, 262-64, 265, 269, 270, 271-74, 277, 279, 281

Public Health Institute, 232

Putin, Vladimir:

background of, 134-35, 178-80

Berezovsky and, 134-36, 138, 146-47, 154-57, 163-65, 174, 180-82, 188-89, 194-95, 201-7, 208, 210-11, 212-13, 214, 218, 231, 232, 233-36, 239, 247-48, 249, 252, 270, 278, 295, 321-22, 343-48

Beslan massacre and, 310-11

Bush and, 242, 273, 287

Clinton and, 207

election of 1999 and, 194

election of 2000 and, 163-64, 172-74, 177-78, 180-81, 194, 195, 198-99, 203

election of 2004 and, 305, 306

federal restructuring initiative of, 204-5, 208, 212

as FSB head, 3-4, 135, 136-37, 146-47, 156, 159, 163, 181, 183, 201, 202

Gusinsky and, 181, 198, 205, 206, 207-8, 212, 213, 232, 233, 235-36, 238

KGB and, 135, 172-73, 180, 182, 183

Kursk
disaster and, 208-12, 218

Litvinenko and, 136-37, 160-61, 165, 167, 171, 180, 182, 194, 202, 233, 244, 247-48, 295, 297, 317, 330, 335, 342

Malashenko and, 172-73, 198, 241

mass media controlled by, 283, 315, 344

Moscow bombings and, 199, 216, 258, 259, 306

Moscow theater siege and, 291-92

NGOs and, 240, 309-10, 311-12

NSC appointment of, 159

opposition movement and, 240, 241-42, 248, 257, 287, 311-12, 315, 343

Orange Revolution and, 315-16, 347

ORT takeover and, 233-36

personality of, 179, 180, 181, 182-84, 201, 254

Politkovskaya killing and, 317

Primakov and, 156, 164, 195, 206

as prime minister, 175, 177-78, 196

Ryazan bomb scare and, 196, 250

in St. Petersburg, 134-35

second Chechen war and, 159, 175, 177, 188-91, 194, 196, 198-99, 203, 216-17, 287-89, 290, 291, 293, 305

September 11, 2001 attacks and, 248

Skuratov scandal and, 158, 161

Sobchak and, 135, 172

Tregubova and, 183-84

Yeltsin and, 3-4, 134-35, 156-59, 174, 177-78, 180-82, 195, 202

Yushenkov and, 277

Putina, Lyudmila, 182

Pyatigorsk, Russia, 107-8

Qatar, 294, 309, 320

radiation, 326-27, 336

Radio Echo Moscow, 236, 250, 289, 297, 317

Radio Liberty, 91, 92, 313

Raduyev, Salman, 59, 89, 95, 216

hostage crisis sparked by, 104-5

Pyatigorsk bombing and, 107-8

Reagan, Ronald W., 68, 85-86

Red Army, 22, 86, 87, 90, 101

Red Banner Institute, 179

Red Cross, 105

Reddaway, Peter, 259

Redgrave, Vanessa, 293, 294, 295, 296

Redwald (Raedwald), King of East Anglia, 244

Reid, John, 331, 347

Reuters, 70, 297

Reynolds, Maura, 196, 197

Rhyzhkov, Nikolai, 45

Rightist Union, 194

robber barons, Russian oligarchs as, 45-57, 115

Rockefeller Foundation, 49

Rogozin, Georgy, 74, 79

Rokhlin, Lev, 136-37, 138

Rokhlina, Tamara, 136-37, 138

Romanoff dynasty, 163

Romanov, Anatoly, 54

Romanovich, Vladimir, 281-82

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 258

Rosneft, 139

Ruble, Blair, 259

Rushailo, Vladimir, 144, 153, 260

Russia Hand
(Talbott), 207

Russian Academy of Sciences, 253

Russian Army:

draft and, 305-6

first Chechen war and, 31, 39, 69, 85, 86, 88-91, 100-102, 121, 137, 247

second Chechen war and, 177, 189, 195-96, 201, 215, 216, 236-37, 238, 241, 273, 288, 304, 312

Russian Economic Forum, 300

Russian Federation:

anti-Semitism in, 71, 100-101, 144-45, 147

coup attempt in (1991), 240

economic crisis in, 138-40

Internet and, 69-71, 269, 297

Litvinenko murder investigation by, 343-45

mass media in,
see
mass media

NGOs in, 239-40, 249, 274, 309-10, 311-12

official corruption in, 39-41

oil industry in, 53, 54-57, 71, 109-12, 138-39, 319

oligarchs in, 3, 41, 48-49, 53-57, 60, 65, 68, 74, 78, 110, 111, 115, 116-17, 123, 172, 211-12, 213, 229-30, 231, 249, 265

opposition movement in, 24, 231-32, 238-43, 248-52, 257, 262-63, 269-70, 271, 274, 277-79, 284, 309-12, 315-16, 347

organized crime in, 26, 30-31, 35-37, 39-41, 119, 282, 297

polonium production in, 337-38

prison system in, 4, 170, 203

privatization and, 29-31, 32-37, 46, 47-49, 51-57, 60-61, 62-63, 65, 110-11, 115-16, 279

provinces in, 87

Soros prison health project in, 4, 203

stock market in, 63

Supreme Soviet of, 33, 47

tax system in, 32, 53, 63, 139, 154

telecom industry in, 115-16

“Russian Legion,” 96, 98, 99

Russian Navy, 110

Kursk
disaster and, 208-12

Russian Society for Science and Education, 56

Russian TV International (RTVI), 284

Ryazan, Russia, 190-91, 196-98, 217, 218, 247, 249, 250, 254, 291

Rybakov, Yuli, 249, 250, 257, 265-66

Rybkin, Ivan, 134, 151

election of 2004 and, 290, 306-9, 315

as NSC head, 99, 100, 101, 103, 106, 107, 109, 112, 113, 306

Zakayev and, 288-90, 294, 295, 307

Sadulayev, Abdul-Halim, 312

Safire, William, 63-64

St. Mary’s Hospital, 320

St. Petersburg, Russia:

opposition demonstrations in, 347

as polonium export point, 337

Putin in, 134-35

Sakharov, Andrei, 233, 239, 242, 271