Eavesdropping (38 page)

Dentan, Robert 67–8, 71–2

department stores in Paris 160–1

de Tocqueville, Alexis 104

Deville, Captain 145

Diable Boiteux, Le
(Le Sage) 13,
14–15

diaries 194–5

and autobiography 201–2

online 190–1

Dickens, Charles 14

Die Lauscherin
(The Eavesdropper) (Maes)
185

dik-diks 42–3

disguising eavesdropping behavior 34

distance, optimum 76–7

domestication 78–83

and family intimacy 97–8

and privacy 90–1, 93

and surveillance 86–9

and suspicion 82–5, 90–1

Domestication of the Human Species, The
(Wilson) 86

dominance and sex 45–6, 49

Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan 58

Dryden, Edgar 204

Duby, Georges 96, 105

dumb waiters 187

Dunbar, Robin 25, 59–60

dunking as a punishment for scolding 140

egalitarianism in open plan communities 72

Ehrline, Louisa 130

Ellis, Havelock 101

embedded eavesdropping 25–6, 34–5

Emler, Nicholas 127

empathy 205–8

Endler, John 44

L’épouse indiscrete
(Delaunay)
118

“equilibrium level” 77

Ernaux, Annie 117

Eskimo people 64–6, 73–4, 81

etymology of “eavesdropping” 17

Evans, Walker 218,
219
, 220

evolution

of communication 25

of eavesdropping in animals 44

of humans and need for eavesdropping 16–17

Evreinov, Nikolai 106

eye contact 32, 73–4

eye witnesses, Ancient Athens 111

eyes, images of 112

Facebook 189, 191

Familiar Summary of the Laws respecting Masters and Servants
(Anon) 172

Farge, Arlette 116

farming, and early buildings 79–80

Feeley-Harnik, Gillian 76, 83–4

Fejos, Paul 74

Fence, The
(Walsh) 127

fish (cichlid) 47

“fix points” 62

flâneurs
149, 150–7, 154, 159–60

in London 159

purpose of 157–9

flâneuses
160–1

Fletcher, Anthony 146

Fletcher, George 114

Fludd, Michael 9–10

Forbidden Books
(Rossi)
196

Forge, Anthony 72, 75

formal seclusion rituals 87

Foster, George 75

Fournel, Victor 152

Fournier, Jacques 122

Fox-Genovese, Elizabeth 111

Fragonard, Jean-Honoré
36

Frank, Lawrence 40

Franklin, Benjamin 35–6

Freedberg, David 215

Fried, Charles 74, 212

Friedberg, Anne 161

frisson
12

and liminality 215–16

Gadlin, Howard 99–100, 104

Galápagos islands 42

Galerie Colbert, Rotunda
(Billaud)
150

Galton, Francis 52

Gardner, Arthur 92

Gaylin, Ann 37, 211

Geist, Johann 149

gender differences 19–20, 122–5,
124

in arrests for eavesdropping 133–5

and
flâneurs
152–3

and gossip 125–6

in romantic literature 197–9

and soap operas 199–200

and stalking 210

gender specificity in laws against scolding 135

Giffard, Pierre 161

Girardet, Karl
15

Glaser, Brigitte 194

Glassie, Henry 97

Gleber, Anke 153

global warming and early buildings 79

Godday, Elizabeth 136

Godkin, E. L. 39

Goffman, Erving 32

Gogghe, Remy
177

Goodall, Jane 50

gossip
126

evolution of 25

and gender differences 125–6

morality of 127

Gouge, William 13, 123

Gould, Richard 66–7

Goupil, Jules Adolphe
18

Gowing, Laura 136

Les Grands Bazaars
(Giffard) 161

graymail 115–16

see also
blackmail

Gregor, Thomas 21, 69–70, 77, 82, 87–8

Grosvenor, Richard 183–4

group behavior in animals 52–4, 59

Guys, Contantine 151

Hall, Doris 210

Hamill, Pete 96

Hamilton, Mary 187

Hare, Brian 53

Harper, Robert 139

Harvard Law Review
208

Hauser, Marc 49

Haviland, Leslie & Haviland, John 84–5

Hawthorne, Nathaniel 14

Hecht, J. Jean 174

Hediger, Heini 62

hierarchical structure of agriculturebased settlements 85–6

Hitchcock, Alfred 37

Hobsbawm, Eric 171

Hodin, J. P. 214

“Holy Watchfulness” 116,
117

Horton, Agnes 136

Hotchkiss, John 26

House Form and Culture
(Rapoport) 81

Huart, Louis
154

Hubbell, Webster 212–13

Hugo, Victor 107

Human Condition, The
(Arendt) 94

Humphrey, Nicholas 60, 73, 156, 202, 204–7, 220

Hunter, Elizabeth 131

Hunter, Virginia 111

iguanas 42–3

individualism and privacy 103–5

individuals, eavesdropping on 45

Infield, Paul & Platford, Graham 210

information, necessity for 20–1, 25

Ingram, Martin 146, 147

Innes, Julie 212

Inquisition Register 122

interception of physical cues 58

Internet diaries 190–1, 203

interpreting behavior 58

intimacy

definition 212–14

physical 99–100

and trust 102–3

invisibility
see
visibility

Jewsbury, Geraldine 178

Johnson, Samuel 193–4

Kafka, Franz 37

Keeler, John 200

key escutcheons 187, 188

killer whales, stealth 48

Kinsey, Alfred 153

Klopfer, Peter 76–7

Krentz, Jayne Ann 198

Kundera, Milan 22

Kung people 64, 66

village layout
65

Kuper, Leo 29

Lackington, James 142, 194

law

and adultery 118

and blackmail 113

and eavesdropping 128–30

and gender differences 133–5

and gender specificity 135

privacy 208–9

and stalking 209–10

Le Diable Boiteux
106

Lee, Richard 66, 85

Lennard, Suzanne & Lennard, Henry 162–3

Le Roy Ladurie, Emanuel 122, 124

Le Sage, Alain-René 13, 38

letters, threatening 115

Leyhausen, Paul 76

Ligonier, Lord 182–3

liminality 210–12

and
frisson
215–16

and street photography 218–20

Lindenfors, Patrik 59

lingerie, in department stores 161

literature

diaries in 194–5

eavesdropping in 196

romantic 195–6, 197–9

Locke, J. L. 125

London Gazette
115

London,
flâneurs
in 159

Love of Life
(soap opera) 200

Lyle, John 162

McGregor, Peter 41–2

McIntosh, Marjorie 129, 131, 133, 134

MacLane, Mary 202

McNeill, Laurie 190–1, 203

Madame is Receiving
(Gogghe)
177

Maes, Nicholas 185–6,
185

Magasin pittoresque 15

Mahady, Tara 189

Mailer, Norman 57–8

Mainardi, Patricia 109

Malek, Doreen 46

Maloney, Clarence 112

Manning, Nicholas 102–3

marital status and scolding 137

Marivaux, Pierre Carlet de Chamberlain de 33

mating rituals in animals 43, 47, 48, 50

Mauriac, Françoise 116–17

Maybe, The 32
, 32–3

Mehinacu Indians 69–70, 87

Memoirs of the First Forty-Five Years
(Lackington) 194

Mendelson, Sara 134

mental territory 208–9, 213

Merleau-Ponty, Maurice 211

Miller, George 20

mirrors for spying
27

Modleski, Tania 197

monogamy in animals 59

morality

and gender differences 123

and visibility 110

motivation for eavesdropping 168–9, 182, 192–3, 207

Muchembled, Robert 95, 98

Murkowski, Eugène 156

Murray, Susan 34

Mussell, Kay 197

“mutual eavesdropping” 126

Myers, David 202–3

Nagel, Thomas 77, 211

name-calling 136

Nayaka people 68, 73

neighborhood watch schemes 26

neighbors, listening to daily noises 26–9

networks of gossip 125–6

New York Times
29

nightwalkers 134

noctivagators
134

novels
see
literature

observation, disguised 215–16

Oliveira, Rui 47

On Photography
(Sontag) 215

online diaries 190–1, 203

Oosterman, Jan 163

open plan communities 64–75, 81

and seeking solitude 93–4

open plan offices 63–4

optical monitoring 112

Overheard
(Goupil)
18

oxen, group behavior 52

Packwood, Robert 213

Pamela
(Richardson) 194–5

Paris

classes of people in 157–9

flâneurs
in 149, 150–7, 154, 159–60

introduction of department stores 160–1

promenades in 161–2

Paris, A Rainy Day
(Caillebotte) 156,
157

Parker, Richard 101–2

Parkhurst Ferguson, Priscilla 158–9

parks 161–3

participant-observers in experiments 34

paternity, doubt in 13

Pears Annual 19

Pepys, Samuel 194

Perrot, Michelle 116

personal privacy 103–5

personal space 32

optimum 76–7

violations 209–10

perspective

imagining others’ 60–1

individual 40–1

Peter, Peter 220

photography, covert 216–20,
219

Physiologie du flâneur
(Huart)
154

physiologies
of Parisians 157–9

Physiology of Marriage
(Balzac) 198–9

Pigal, Edme-Jean
146

Pitjantjatjara people 66–7

plants, communication in 44

Plato 109–10

Poe, Edgar Allen 159

Policing Athens
(Hunter) 111

population growth

and fear of strangers 95, 132

in Paris 155–6

Posner, Richard 114

possessions, private 105

predators

avoiding by listening for clues 42–3

of plants 44

Prendergast, Christopher 155, 158

primates 16, 20

courtship rituals 50

group behavior 53–4, 59

interpreting behavior 58–9

sex differences 54–7

stealth 51

privacy

averted gaze 73–4

and choice in sharing 101–2

defending 208–9

individual 103–5

in mating chimpanzees 50

and privation 94

psychological 73, 211–12, 220

and public personas 25, 105–7

and secrecy 90–1, 96–7

from servants 186–8,
187

and solitude 88–9, 93–4

from strangers 95

and trust 102–3

violations 213

Private Letter Drawer, The
(Simonetti)
181

private spaces 64–6

promenades 161–3

“proximate mechanism” 125

proximity, and need for escape 73

psychological barriers 31–2

psychological privacy 73, 211–12, 220

public persona 105–7

vs. private persona 25

punishments

for observed wrongdoing 143–7

for scolding 140–2,
141

Pursuit of Happiness, The
(Myers) 202–3

qualia” 205

Rapoport, Amos 81, 86

Rear Window
30–1

“recreational eavesdropping” 37

Reiman, Jeffrey 212

relationships

animals eavesdropping on 45–6

inferring from observation 24

remarriage, punishments for 144–5

Republic, The
(Plato) 109–10

Richardson, Samuel 194–5

Roberts, Alexander 124, 139

Roberts, John 82

Rochester, Alice 136

Roman comedies 33

romantic literature 195–6, 197–9

Romford (market town) 131–2

Rossi, Alexander
196

Rubenstein, Daniel 76–7

Ruby, Perrine 60

Sakalava people 83–4

Samoan people 68–9, 72, 74

Sante, Luc 218

Sarakatsani people 93

Sarti, Rafaella 99, 174

Sartre, Jean-Paul 215

Schama, Simon 185

Schwartz, Barry 77

scolding 135–40

punishment for 140–2,
141

secrecy and privacy 90–1, 96–7

sedentary societies, early 80

self, knowledge of 217–18

self-reflection 202

Semai people 67–8, 71–2

sense perceptions 205

servants

collaboration with masters 179–82,
180

eavesdropping
176, 177, 178, 181

finding evidence of wrongdoing 182–3

gossip amongst 175–9

intimacies with 169–75

mistrust of 186–8,
187

testimonies 164–5, 184-6

witnessing adultery 165–9, 179, 183–4

Servant’s Magazine, The 178

settlements

agriculture-based 85–6

early 78–80, 82

population growth 87–8

sex

and dominance 45–6, 49

differences in animals 54–7

sexual choice in animals 43, 47, 50

sexual competition theme on Jerry Springer show 138

sharing, in open plan communities 72, 74

Shils, Edward 18–19

Shore, Bradd 69, 72

Shultz, Susanne 59

Sicre, Raymond 23

sidewalk cafés 163

Sieburth, Richard 156