For Lust of Knowing (59 page)

9
. Conrad, ‘The Dervish's Disciple', p. 6.

10
. Albert Hourani interviewed in Nancy Elizabeth Gallagher (ed.),
Approaches to the History of the Middle East: Interviews with Leading Middle East Historians
(Reading, 1994), p. 42.

11
. Louis Massignon, ‘Ignaz Goldziher (1850–1921)', in
Opera Minora
, 3 vols (Beirut, 1963), pp. 391–9.

12
. Bernard Lewis, ‘The Pro-Islamic Jews' in
Islam in History: Ideas, People, and Events in the Middle East
, 2nd edn (Chicago and La Salle, Illinois, 1993), p. 144.

13
. I. Y. Kratchkowsky,
Among Arabic Manuscripts: Memories of Libraries and Men
, translated by Tatiana Minorsky (Leiden, 1953), p. 134; cf. p. 124.

14
. Waardenburg,
L'Islam dans le miroir de l'Occident
, p. 244.

15
. Nöldeke quoted in Simon,
Ignaz Goldziher
, p. 30. For his life and work more generally, see Fück,
Die Arabischen Studien
, pp. 217–20; Jaroslav Stetkevych, ‘Arabic Poetry and Assorted Poetics', edited by Malcolm H. Kerr,
Islamic Studies: A Tradition and its Problems
(Malibu, 1980), pp. 111, 113–14; Ulrich Haarmann, ‘L'Orientalisme allemand',
MARS. Le Monde Arabe dans la Recherché Scientifique
, 4 (Winter, 1994), pp. 75–6.

16
. Nöldecke quoted in Baber Johansen, ‘Politics, Paradigms and the Progress of Oriental Studies. The German Oriental Society (Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft) 1845–1989',
MARS. Le Monde Arabe dans la Recherche Scientifique
, 4 (Winter, 1994), p. 82.

17
. Becker quoted in Albert Hourani, ‘Islam and the Philosophers of History' in Hourani,
Europe and the Middle East
(London, 1980), p. 60. On the career of Becker, see Fück,
Die Arabischen Studien
, pp. 318–19; Haarmann, ‘L'Orientalisme allemand', pp. 70–73; Josef van Ess, ‘The Emergence of
Kulturgeschichte
in Islamic Studies', in Kerr (ed.),
Islamic Studies
, pp. 27–51; Johansen, ‘Politics, Paradigms and the Progress of Oriental Studies', pp. 84–6; Johansen, ‘Politics and Scholarship: The Development of Islamic Studies in the Federal Republic of Germany', in Tareq Y. Ismael (ed.),
Middle East Studies: International Perspectives on the State of the Art
(New York, 1990), pp. 84–6, 88–9.

18
. On Snouck Hurgronje, see Fück,
Die Arabischen Studien
, pp. 231–3; Brugman and Schröder,
Arabic Studies
, pp. 44–7; Brugman, ‘Snouck Hurgronje's Study of Islamic Law', in Willem Otterspeer (ed.),
Leiden Oriental Connections, 1850–1940
(Leiden, 1989), pp. 82–93.

19
. Kurd ‘Ali,
Memoirs of Kurd ‘Ali: A Selection
, translated by Khalil Totah (Washington, 1954), p. 70.

20
. On the life and works of Lammens, see Fück,
Die Arabischen Studien
, pp. 292–4; K. S. Salibi, ‘Islam and Syria in the Writings of Henri Lammens', in Bernard Lewis and P. M. Holt (eds),
Historians of the Middle East
(London, 1962), pp. 330–42.

21
. Patricia Crone,
Meccan Trade and the Rise of Islam
(Oxford, 1987), p. 3.

22
. Fück,
Die Arabischen Studien
, pp. 297–99; Fück, ‘Islam as a Historical Problem', in Lewis and Holt (eds),
Historians of the Middle East
, pp. 310–11; Hourani, ‘Islam and the Philosophers of History', p. 59; Humphreys,
Islamic
History: A Framework for Inquiry
, pp. 71–2. Kurd ‘Ali wrote admiringly of him in his
Memoirs
, pp. 68–9.

23
. On the life and works of Browne, see Fück,
Die Arabischen Studien
, pp. 280–81; Marzieh Gail,
Persia and the Victorians
(London, 1951), pp. 97–104; Edward Denison Ross, ‘A Memoir', a preface to Edward Granville Browne,
A Year Among the Persians
, 3rd edn (London, 1950), pp. vii–xxii; A. J. Arberry,
Oriental Essays: Portraits of Seven Scholars
(London, 1960), pp. 160–96; C. Edmund Bosworth, ‘E. G. Browne and His
A Year Among the Persians
',
Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies
, 33 (1995), pp. 115–22; Bosworth, ‘Edward Granville Browne', in Bosworth (ed.),
A Century of British Orientalists 1902–2001
(Oxford, 2001), pp. 74–86. A full-length biography by John Gurney is in progress.

24
. Browne,
A Year Among the Persians
, pp. 3–4.

25
. Ibid., pp. 16–17.

26
. Laurence Graffety-Smith,
Bright Levant
(London, 1970), pp. 6–7.

27
. Reader Bullard,
The Camels Must Go
(London, 1961), pp. 47–8.

28
. Edward Denison Ross,
Both Ends of the Candle
(London, 1943), p. 55.

29
. Andrew Ryan,
The Last of the Dragomans
(London, 1951), p. 23.

30
. Edward Granville Browne,
A Literary History of Persia
, vol. 2,
From Firdawsí to Sa‘dí
(London, 1906), p. x.

31
. A. K. S. Lambton,
Persian Grammar
, revised edn (Cambridge, 1974), p. 181.

32
. Fück,
Die Arabischen Studien
, pp. 281–3;
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
[
ODNB
], edited by H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison (Oxford, 2004), s.v.; Arberry,
Oriental Essays
, pp. 198–232; Franklin D. Lewis,
Rumi: Past and Present, East and West: The Life, Teachings and Poetry of Jalal al-Din Rumi
(Oxford, 2000),
passim
, but especially pp. 531–3, 578–9.

33
. R. A. Nicholson,
A Literary History of the Arabs
(London, 1907), p. x.

34
. Ibid., p. 161.

35
. Lewis,
Rumi: Past and Present, East and West
, p. 578.

36
. On the life and works of Margoliouth, see the obituary in
The Times
, 23 March 1940, p. 8; obituary by Arthur Jeffrey in
Muslim World
, 30 (1940), pp. 295–8; obituary by Gilbert Murray in
Proceedings of the British Academy
, 26 (1940), pp. 389–97;
ODNB
, s.v.; Jabal Muhammad Buaben,
Image of the Prophet in the West: A Study of Muir, Margoliouth and Watt
(Leicester, 1996), pp. 49–128; Fück,
Die Arabischen Studien
, pp. 273–8.

37
. Gertrude Bell,
The Letters of Gertrude Bell
, 2 vols (London, 1927), vol. 2, p. 453; H. V. F. Winstone,
Gertrude Bell
(London, 1978), p. 205.

38
. Hamilton Gibb in his obituary of Margoliouth in
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
(1940), p. 393.

39
. Lyall quoted by R. A. Nicholson in his obituary of Lyall in
Proceedings of the British Academy
, 9 (1919–20), p. 495.

40
. On the life and works of Lyall, see the anonymous obituary in
Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies
, 2 (1921), pp. 175–6; Fück,
Die Arabischen Studien
, pp. 279–80; obituary by Nicholson in
Proceedings of the British Academy
, 9 (1919–20), pp. 492–6;
ODNB
, s.v.

41
. On the life and works of Stanley Lane-Poole,
ODNB
, s.v.; M. Mansoor,
The Story of Irish Orientalism
(Dublin, 1944), pp. 44–6.

42
. On Salisbury, see Benjamin R. Foster, ‘Edward R. Foster: America's First Arabist',
Al-‘Usur al-Wusta
, 9 (1997), pp. 15–17.

43
. On Torrey, see Benjamin R. Foster, ‘Charles Cutler Torrey (1863–1956), Nobody's Pet Chicken: Theodor Noeldeke and Charles Cutler Torrey',
Al-‘Usur al-Wusta
, 11 (1999), pp. 12–15.

44
. On Duncan Black MacDonald, see William Douglas Mackenzie, ‘Duncan Black MacDonald, scholar, teacher and author', in W. G. Shellbear et al. (eds),
The MacDonald Presentation Volume
(Princeton, London and Oxford, 1933), pp. 3–10; Fück,
Die Arabischen Studien
, pp. 285–6; Waardenburg,
L'Islam dans le miroir
,
passim
; Gordon E. Pruett, ‘Duncan Black MacDonald: Christian Islamist', in Asaf Hussain, Robert Olson and Jamil Qureishi (eds),
Orientalism, Islam and Islamists
(Vermont, 1984), pp. 125–76; Robert Irwin,
The Arabian Nights: A Companion
(Harmondsworth, 1994), pp. 51–2, 113.

45
. Tolkien, quoted in T. A. Shippey,
The Road to Middle-Earth
(London, 1982), p. 7.

46
. Fück,
Die Arabischen Studien
, pp. 290–92; Michael Rogers,
The Spread of Islam
(London, 1976), pp. 16–17; Robert Hillenbrand, ‘Cresswell and Contemporary European Scholarship',
Muqarnas
, 8 (1991), pp. 23–35; Stephen Vernoit, ‘The Rise of Islamic Archaeology',
Muqarnas
, 14 (1997), pp. 3–6; Vernoit, ‘Islamic Art and Architecture: An Overview of Scholarship and Collecting,
c.
1850–1950', in Vernoit (ed.),
Discovering Islamic Art: Scholars, Collectors and Collections
(London, 2000), pp. 32–5, 37.

47
.
Islamic Urban Studies, Historical Reviews and Perspectives
, edited by Masashi Haneda and Toru Miura (London, 1994), is a comprehensive bibliographical survey of scholarly studies on the Islamic city. See also Ira M. Lapidus (ed.),
Middle Eastern Cities: A Symposium on Ancient, Medieval and Modern Middle Eastern Urbanism
(Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1969); A. H. Hourani and S. M. Stern (eds),
The Islamic City: A Colloqium
(Oxford, 1970); Humphreys,
Islamic History
, pp. 228–30.

48
.
Muqarnas
, 8 (1991) is devoted to the life and legacy of Cresswell.

49
. Haneda and Miura (eds),
Islamic Urban Studies
,
passim
; Humphreys,
Islamic History
, pp. 234–8, 243, 245–6.

50
. On the early history of the School of Oriental Studies, see C. H. Philips,
The School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 1917–1967: An Introduction
(London, 1967); Philips,
Beyond the Ivory Tower: The Autobiography of Sir Cyril Philips
(London, 1995).

51
. Ross,
Both Ends of the Candle
; see also Fück,
Die Arabischen Studien
, p. 284; obituary by Ralph Turner in
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
, vol. 10 (1940–42), pp. 831–6;
ODNB
, s.v.

52
. On Thomas Arnold, see Aurel Stein's obituary of him in
Proceedings of the British Academy
, 16 (1930), pp. 439–74; Fück,
Die Arabischen Studien
, pp. 284–5; Vernoit, ‘Islamic Art and Architecture', pp. 44–5.

53
. For Bailey's lack of small talk, Philips,
Beyond the Ivory Tower
, p. 42.On Bailey's scholarship, see Roland Eric Emmerick in Bosworth,
A Century of British Orientalists
, pp. 10–48.

54
. Philips,
Beyond the Ivory Tower
, p. 41.

55
. Philips,
The School of Oriental and African Studies
, p. 18.

56
. There is a huge literature on Massignon, much of it tending towards hagiography. See J. Morillon,
Massignon
(Paris, 1964);
Cahiers de l'Herne (Massignon
), 12 (1970); Herbert Mason,
Memoir of a Friend, Louis Massignon
(Notre Dame, Indiana, 1981); Christian Destremau and Jean Moncelon,
Massignon
(Paris, 1994); Mary Louise Gude,
Louis Massignon. The Crucible of Compassion
(Notre Dame, Indiana, 1996); Jacques Keryell (ed.),
Louis Massignon au coeur de notre temps
(Paris, 1999). For a comprehensive bibliography of Massignon's works, see Youakim Moubarak,
L'Oeuvre de Louis Massignon
(Beirut, 1986). Jean-Jacques Waardenburg provides the best guide to Massignon's academic achievements in
L'Islam dans le miroir de l'Occident
, and see also Waardenburg's article, ‘Massignon: Notes for Further Research',
Muslim World
, 56 (1996), pp. 157–62. See also Pierre Rocalve,
Louis Massignon et l'Islam
(Damascus, 1993); Albert Hourani, ‘Islam in European Thought' and ‘T. E. Lawrence and Louis Massignon' in Hourani,
Islam and European Thought
(Cambridge, 1991), pp. 43–8and 116–28; Robert Irwin, ‘Louis Massignon and the Esoteric Interpretation of Islamic Art', in Vernoit (ed.),
Discovering Islamic Art
, pp. 163–70.

57
. De Maistre quoted and translated by Isaiah Berlin in his introduction to Joseph de Maistre,
Considerations on France
, edited and translated by Richard A. Lebrun (Cambridge, 1994), pp. xvii–xviii.

58
. Gude,
Louis Massignon
, p. 65.

59
. On Massignon's wartime service in the Near East, see, in particular, Hourani, ‘T. E. Lawrence and Louis Massignon'.

60
. Humphreys,
Islamic History: A Framework for Inquiry
, p. 194.

61
. Julian Baldick, ‘The Substitute as Saint',
Times Literary Supplement
, 23 September 1983, p. 1023.

62
. Destremau and Moncelon,
Massignon
, p. 102.

63
. Maxime Rodinson was not totally enchanted by Massignon's intensely spiritual approach to Islamic studies and his interview-based memoirs shed a curious light on the personality and teachings of Massignon. Rodinson,
Entre Islam et Occident: Entretiens avec Gérard D. Khoury
(Paris, 1998).

64
. André Miquel,
L'Orient d'une vie
(Paris, 1990), p. 39.