Heinrich Himmler : A Life (201 page)

Hindenburg, Paul von 139, 141–2, 143, 144, 172

Hinkler, Paul 165–6

Hinrichs, Carl 498

Hinzert concentration camp 481

Hitler, Adolf 66,
111
,
432

agreement with Schleicher 139

assassination attempt (1939) 472–3

assassination attempt (1944) 696

Austria:

abortive Nazi putsch in (1934) 177, 178

Anschluss 403, 404

becomes Chancellor 147

Blomberg-Fritsch crisis (1938) 398–9

Christian church policy 223

counter-terror 657

Czechoslovakia, occupation of Prague 412

executions ordered by 473–4

expansionist policy 397–8

final solution 551

expansion throughout Europe 564

instructs Heydrich to produce plan for 511

France 648

Führer cult, construction of 87

Goebbels’ criticism of 723

Hess’s flight to Scotland 519

Heydrich’s assassination, response to 568, 569

Himmler:

appoints as Reichsführer-SS 113–14

appoints Commander-in-Chief of army group Vistula 715–16

appoints Commander-in-Chief of the Upper Rhine 715

appoints Reich Minister of the Interior 681

appoints Reserve Army commander 698–9

commissions to conclude final solution 667

criticism of 722–3

expels from party and state offices 729

praised by 79

puts in charge of settlement policy 434–5

relationship with 87, 100

secures agreement on police reorganization 199

talks on role of SS 199

Hitler putsch (1923) 69

Italy, policy in South Tyrol 418

Jews:

annihilation of 386, 552

deportation from Reich 441, 623–4

deportation to east 542–3, 546

extermination of 538, 550, 552

leadership style 90, 100

meets with Hindenburg (1932, Aug) 141–2

meets with von Papen (1933) 144

Mein Kampf
, Himmler’s views on 87

Netherlands 655–6

occupation policy in east 527

partisans, gives Himmler responsibility for combating 625–6, 627

peace:

circulates rumours of separate peace 719–20

considers peace with Soviet Union possible 721

unprepared to consider 720

Poland:

conduct of war against 427–8

division of 440

invasion preparations 422

policy of legality 121, 140, 142

reconstruction of Wehrmacht leadership 399

re-founds Nazi Party 82

rocket programme 687, 688

SA (Storm Troops):

appoints Röhm as head of 118–19

assumes personal command 117, 118

intervenes in SA-party crisis 117

moves against 173

rejects military ambitions of 171

second Stennes crisis (1931) 122

South Tyrol, resettlement of ethnic Germans 417–18

Soviet Union:

ideological war of annihilation against 515, 517

instruction for conduct of war against 521–2

invasion planning 515

SS:

armed units 247, 248–9, 426–7

assumes personal command 117, 118

establishment of 110

expansion of Waffen-SS 601

foreign legions 604

oath of loyalty 305

removes from SA’s organization 174

suspends court martial proceedings in occupied countries 704–5

takes supreme command of Wehrmacht 399

total war 700

treatment of Polish POWs and workers in Germany 475, 476

United States, declares war on 552

Volkssturm (home guard) 712, 713

the war as ‘war against the Jews’ 529, 543

Hitler Youth, recruitment into Waffen-SS 672, 673

Hitzinger, Heinrich (name assumed by Himmler) 2, 734

Hofer, Franz 417, 418

Hoffmann, Johannes 27

Hoffmeyer, Horst 535, 584

Höfle, Hermann 338, 705–6

Hofmann, Otto 317, 325, 338–9

Höhn, Reinhard 212, 799n27

Holfelder, Hans 101, 102

homoeroticism, in masculine society 52–3, 234–6

homosexuality/homosexuals 237–8

Himmler’s hostility towards 38, 52, 231

Himmler’s views on 232–7, 238–9, 464

Hitler’s edict on 239

persecution of Catholic church 222

preventive repression 203

pursuit of 237–8

registration of 237–8

Hörbiger, Hanns 279

Horthy, Miklós 706

Höss, Rudolf 480, 897n1

Hungary:

anti-Jewish legislation 694

deportation of Jews 625, 694, 706–7

resistance to 693

exchange of Jewish prisoners 708–9

German ethnic policy 391

German occupation of 693

Jews in 619

Second Vienna Award 501–2

SS organization established 693–4

Waffen-SS recruitment in 503, 614, 673–4

Ibsen, Henrik 41–2, 44

IG Farben, manufacturing plant at Auschwitz 480, 557–8

illegitimate births, Himmler’s views on 370–1

Procreation Order 462–4

inflation 64–5

Institute of Criminal Biology 471

Institute of Criminal Medicine 471

International Committee for Political Refugees 411

Iron Front 150

Islam, Himmler’s praise of 267, 677

Italy:

Croatia 625

deportation of Jews 691–2

German-Italian police conference (1936) 395

German occupation of 690

German policy in South Tyrol 418, 419, 420, 458–61

Himmler’s holiday in 395–7

lack of cooperation over Jews 663

official visit by Himmler 404

Pact of Steel (1939) 418

SS and police apparatus established in 690–1

Jäger, Karl 531, 567

Janka, Walter 246

Janko, Sepp 611

Jankuhn, Hubert 276

Jansen, Werner 80, 269, 270, 314, 422–3

Japan, declaration of war by 552

Jeckeln, Friedrich 306–7, 522, 524, 531, 536, 550

alcohol abuse 321

background of 131–2

mass murder of Jews 532–3

takes over Brunswick political police 160

Jehovah’s Witnesses:

Himmler’s respect for 267

persecution of 224

Jewish resistance 666–7

Warsaw ghetto uprising 664

Jewish World Congress 573

Jews:

in Austria, persecution of 407

in Belgium, deportation of 571, 620, 668

in Bulgaria 619

deportation of 625, 663–4

competing chains of command in Nazi policy 217

in Croatia:

deportation of 618, 668, 692

interned by Italy 625

in Denmark, attempt to deport 693

depicted as subhuman 198

deportation to the east 542–4, 545–6, 562–3

exchange of Jewish prisoners 707–9

in France, deportation of 545, 563, 571, 619–20, 624, 632, 663, 668, 692–3

in General Government:

death penalty for leaving ghettos 546

deportation of 572, 666

deportation to 444, 445, 455–7, 510, 562

extermination of 573–4

Himmler gains control of Jewish policy in 564–6

Himmler orders final removal from 665

Himmler orders ‘free of Jews’ 620

mass murder of Jews 546–7, 561–2, 566–7, 620, 665, 667

in Germany:

anti-Semitic legislation 411, 477

attacks on 408

compulsory registration 411

deportation of 440–1, 455–7, 562, 623–4, 664

deported to eastern occupied territories 538

emigration from 411, 456, 477

expulsion of 408, 455–6

forced to wear badges 530

Himmler sees as hostages 407–8, 707–8, 724

Kristallnacht 408–10

mass murder of 566–7

membership of student fraternities 33–4, 756n48

Nazi anti-Jewish actions (1933-38) 216

Nuremberg Laws (1935) 197

Gestapo’s role in persecution 216, 217, 477

in Greece, deportation of 663–4, 692

Heydrich’s role in persecution of 216–17

Hitler on annihilation of 386, 552

as hostages 407–8, 707–8, 724

in Hungary 619

anti-Jewish legislation 694

deportation of 625, 694, 706–7

exchange of Jewish prisoners 708–9

resistance to deportation 693

increased persecution of 406, 477

intensification of Nazi propaganda against 529–30

in Italy 663

deportation of 692

in Latvia, mass murder of 531, 549–50

in Lithuania, mass murder of 531

Madagascar project 508–10

mass sterilization considered by Himmler 512, 520

Nazi anti-Jewish actions (1933-38) 216

in North Africa 662–3

in Norway, deportation of 624, 631

in Poland:

death penalty for leaving ghettos 546

deportation of 439–40, 444, 445, 455–7, 510, 666