Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan (273 page)

58.
Figuring in Hirota's indictment as a war criminal was the charge of restricting ministerial posts to active-duty officers, made by Admiral Yonai among others. American occupation officials uncritically accepted the charge because it dramatized the enfeeblement of civilian politicians. Since the army already had the power to topple cabinets by withholding a service minister, this event has as much to do with postwar as with prewar history.

59.
Eguchi Keiichi, “Ch
goku sensen no Nihongun,” in Fujiwara Akira, Imai Seiichi, eds.,
J
gonen sens
shi 2: Nitch
sens
(Aoki Shoten, 1988), p. 51, citing the
Tokyo nichi nichi shinbun
, Dec. 12 and 13, 1935.

60.
Eguchi,
J
gonen sens
sh
shi, shinpan
, p. 108.

61.
Fujiwara Akira, “Tenn
to ky
ch
,” in Igarashi Takeshi, Kitaoka Shinichi, eds., “
S
ron,” Tokyo saiban to wa nan datta no ka
(Tsukiji Shokan, 1997), p. 174.

62.
Antony Best,
Britain, Japan and Pearl Harbor: Avoiding War in East Asia, 1936–41
(Routledge, 1995), p. 17.

63.
Best,
Britain, Japan and Pearl Harbor
, pp. 27–28.

64.
Kobayashi Motohiro, “Hirota k
ki ni sens
sekinin wa nakatta ka,” in Fujiwara et al., eds.,
Nihon kindaishi no kyoz
to jitsuz
3
, pp. 105–7.