Hitler's Terror Weapons (32 page)

47
. Ermenc,
op. cit.

48
. Karlsruhe KFZ report G-55.

49
.
Die Absorption thermischen Neutronen im Elektro-graphit
, KFZ report G-71.

50
. Ermenc,
op. cit.

51
.
Über den Nachweis von Boron und Kadmium in Kohle
, G-46 and G-85, Karlsruhe KFZ.

52
.
Bestimmung der Diffusionslänge thermischen Neutronen im Schwerem Wasser
, KFZ report G-23.

53
.
Bestimmung der Diffusionslänge thermischen Neutronen im Präparat 38
, KFZ report G-22.

54
.
Bericht über die Versuche mit Schichtenanordnungen von Präparat 38 und Paraffin
, KWI Berlin-Dahlem, 18.4.1941, KFZ report G-93.

55
.
Zur Frage der Auslösung von Kernkettenreaktionen
, G-94 Karlsruhe KFZ, August 1941 and amendment G-267, August 1944.

56
. Armin Herrmann,
op. cit.

57
. Weizsäcker.

58
. Bohr was not anti-Bomb when it suited him and collaborated in the theoretical work on the Manhattan Project. He was indiscreet to the extent that after a meeting with Churchill arranged in 1944 by the President of the Royal Society, Sir Henry Dale, Churchill wrote that Bohr should either be locked up or at least be made aware that he was very close to committing a hanging offence. This seems to have been the only ex-officio attempt made to interest Churchill in the atom bomb. It was a term of the Roosevelt-Churchill Tube Alloys Deal of 19 September 1944 that “enquiries should be made regarding the activities of Professor Bohr and steps taken to ensure that he is responsible for no leakage of information particularly to the Russians.”.

59
.
Versuche mit einer Schichtenanordnung von D2O und Präparat 38
, 28.10.1941: KFZ paper G75.

60
. Ermenc,
op. cit.

61
.
Die Energiegewinnung aus der Atomkernspaltung
, document G-217 Karlsruhe KFZ, presented by Heisenberg on 5 May 1943 at a meeting assessing problems in nuclear physics in Berlin.

62
. Jungk,
op. cit.

63
. Klaus Hoffmann:
Otto Hahn
, Verlag Neues Berlin, 1978, p.227.

64
.
Die Neutronenvermehrung in 38-Metall durch rasche Neutronen
, Döpel and Heisenberg, document G-137 KFZ Karlsruhe.

65
.
Vorläufiger Bericht über Ergebnisse an einer Schichtenkugel aus 38-Metall und Paraffin
(BIII) by F. Bopp, E. Fischer, W. Heisenberg, C.F. von Weizsäcker and K Wirtz: 6.1.1942, document G-126 at Karlsruhe.

66
.
Der experimentelle Nachweis der effektiven Neutronenvermehrung in einem Kugel-Schichten System aus D2O und Uran-Metall:
R. and K. Döpel and W. Heisenberg, G-136 Karlsruhe KFZ. This is undated but had a covering letter marked July 1942.

67
. G-217 above.

68
. G-136 above.

69
. Albert Speer:
The Slave State,
Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1981.

70
. Albert Speer:
Erinnerungen, op. cit.

71
. Picker,
op. cit.

72
. Albert Speer,
Erinnerungen, op. cit.

73
. Philipp Lenard:
Erinnerungen eines Naturforschers,
Heidelberg 1943, p.202.

74
. Hoffmann,
op. cit.,
p.227.

75
.
Soldatenzeitung,
East Berlin, 16 March 1962: a copy of the article was reproduced in the autobiography of Manfred von Ardenne,
op. cit.

76
. Field Marshal Milch was Jewish by his mother and obtained Aryanization by having her sign a disclaimer of parenthood. He owed his spectacular career to the protection of Hermann Goering who declared of Milch: “I decide who's Jewish.” Professor Rose points out that in a speech to RFR and KWG leaders on 6 July 1942, Goering reported that after a recent discussion with Hitler, he had determined that “he will make exceptions gladly if it is a question of an important research project or researcher”. Another example of how it was done appears in
The Ochre Robe
by Swami Agehananda Bharati (Leopold Fischer), an Austrian who served in the Wehrmacht Indian Legion in southern France during the war and later became a Hindu wandering monk: “It seemed that there was something wrong with one of my grandmothers. Of course, in those days there were lawyers who specialized in the provision of non-kosher forbears and it was easy to buy yourself one.”.

77
. Manfred von Ardenne,
op. cit.

78
. Charles Gibson:
Death of a Phantom Raider,
Robert Hale, London, 1987, p.172.

79
. Nicholaus von Below:
Als Hitlers Adjutant 1937-1945,
Koehlers Verlag 1980: English version
At Hitler
's Side,
Greenhill Books, 2001.

80
. Otto Skorzeny,
Meine Kommandounternehmen
Universitas, 1993.

81
. Jungk,
op. cit.

82
.
RSHA=Reichssicherheitshauptamt,
Reich Security Headquarters.

83
. Samuel Goudsmit:
Alsos – The Failure in German Science,
Sigma Books, London, 1947.

84
. Franz Kurowski:
Von der bedingungslosen Kapitulation bis zur Mondorfer Erklärung
in
GFP eV Kongress Protokoll 1985, Potsdam und Jalta,
Bassum, 1985.

85
. Renato Vesco:
Intercept UFO,
Pinnacle Books, 1976. Vesco (1924–1999) held a doctorate in aeronautical engineering and aerospace development. He was a Professor at the University of Rome and in the 1930s studied aeronautics at the German Institute. When war broke out he worked for the Germans in their secret subterranean Fiat factory near Lake Garda in Italy. In the 1960s his experiences had qualified him for a post with the Italian Ministry of Defence as a technical agent investigating the UFO phenomenon, which he considered to be of terrestrial origins. He wrote several books about his wartime collaboration with his country's ally and from these emerges a picture of a strange technology which had veered in a direction far from that anticipated by Allied intelligence.

86
. William Stevenson (also Stephenson):
A Man Called Intrepid,
Sphere Books, 1977, at page 414.

87
. Private confidential papers pertaining to former Commanding General, SS Weapons Engineering School and made available to the author for inspection.

88
. Picker,
op. cit.

89
. Skorzeny,
op. cit.
at pp150/151.

90
. von Below,
op. cit.

91
. Valentin Falin:
Die zweite Front – Die Interessenkonflikt der Anti-Hitler Koalition,
Knaur 1997.

92
. Thomas Powers:
Heisenberg's War,
1996.

93
. Edgar Mayer:
Die Hochtechnologie-Lüge
, Amun Verlag, 2001.

94
. Harald Fäth:
1945 Thüringens Manhattan Projekt,
CTT Verlag, Suhl, 1998.

95
. The V-4 Doomsday Bomb was not ready for use operationally until March 1945 and according to Schaub was under SS control. Probably the plotters had no knowledge of its existence at that stage.

96
. cf. Ward Price:
I Know These Dictators,
Harrap, 1937 quoting Hitler: “I was messing in the trench with some comrades. Suddenly I had the impression that a voice was saying to me Get up and go over there. The voice was so clear and distinct that I obeyed mechanically as if it were a military order.” A short while afterwards a shell landed where he had been sitting and his comrades were all killed.

97
. John Blofeld:
Taoism,
Mandala, 1986, at page 101.

98
. Goudsmit,
op. cit.

99
. Karl Wirtz,
op. cit.
: also see An Annotation to Werner Heisenberg,
The Collected Works, op. cit.

100
.
Groves,
op. cit.

101
.
Jacques Caval:
L'Intransigeant,
Paris Presse, 1955.

102
.
Powers,
op. cit.

103
.
APW/U (Ninth Air Force) 96/1945, 373.2 of 19 August 1945, Pkt 47 to 53, released COMNAVEU 1946: Nat Archive RG 38, Entry 98C, box 9-13.

104
.
Luigi Romersa, quoted in
Defensa,
July/August 1984 reproducing an article from the 19.11.1955 edition of
L'Intransigeance
under the title
J'ai vu exploser la bombe atomique de Hitler.
The location seems to have been an artificial offshore platform near Rügen island.

105
.
Encyclopaedia of Science and Technology,
Vol. 12, p.131, McGraw Hill.

106
.
Skorzeny,
op. cit.
Both quoting as their source Lt-Gen Putt, Kurowski
(op. cit.
at page 22, footnote 80) stated, “Only a few more weeks and, in the V-2 armed with nuclear weapons, the Germans would have had the decisive weapon.” In the August/September 1984 edition of
Defensa
under the subtitle “Hitler's Secret Weapons, Something More Than Fantasy”, Luigi Romersa stated: “Only a few weeks more and the Germany would have used a weapon to decide the war, a V-2 carrying an atomic bomb …”. Even if a small atom bomb with all the HE required to detonate it had been crammed into a V-2, the payload of which was only one ton, there was still the necessity for a proximity fuse able to set off the implosion fuse in the last quarter-second before the rocket hit the ground. It is not thought that such a proximity fuse existed in that epoch. The only logical atomic explosive for the V-2 was Heisenberg's sphere which detonated on impact.

107
.
von Below,
op. cit.

108
.
Myhra,
op. cit.

109
.
Gregory Douglas:
Geheimakte Gestapo Müller
, Band II, Druffel, 1996.

110
.
Robert Wilcox:
Japan's Secret War,
Marlowe, 1995.

111
.
Gimpel's mission is described in Günther Gellermann:
Der andere Auftrag – Agenteinsätze deutscher U-boote im Zweiten Weltkrieg,
Bernard & Graefe, 1997: also see Erich Gimpel:
Spion für Deutschland,
Süddeutscher Verlag, 1956. Gimpel was sentenced to death for espionage but was reprieved three days before the date set for his execution, 15 April 1945, benefiting from the traditional amnesty granted the condemned following the death of a President. He served ten years in Fort Leavenworth before his release.

112
.
Wachsenberg Document, Arnstadt Municipal Archives, Report of Committee of Enquiry to Establish Local History, DDR Department of Culture District Committee Depositions of 16 May 1962 of witnesses who in March 1945 had been (1) Wachsenburg watchtower keeper, (2) a rocket technician and (3) a fuel storage tank builder (4) an inmate of Ohrdruf concentration camp.

113
.
Karsten Porezag:
Geheime Kommandosache, Geschichte der V-Waffen und der geheimen Militäraktionen des Zweiten Weltkrieges an Lahn, Dill und im Westerwald,
Verlag Wetzlardruck, 1996.

114
.
US forces crossed the Rhine at Oppenheim on 23 March 1945 and at Wesel on the 24th. The Ruhr area was brought under threat within the next few days.

115
.
Vajda and Dancey:
German Aircraft Industry and Production 1933–1945
, Airlife, 1998.

116
.
Kurowski,
op. cit.

117
.
Smith and Creek:
Me 262
Vol II, Classic Publications 1999.

118
.
and
119
. Friedrich Georg:
Siegeswaffen I,
Amun Verlag 2000, from his personal file PH/Int./Adm No XXXI-3, “microfilm USAF/117”. Herr Georg informed this author in an E-mail that the material was obtained by some form of negotiated process.

120
.
USS NationalArchive, Box RG 260 Entry 121, Box 136: cable 20.4.1945.

121
.
Jochen Brennecke:
Haie im Paradies: der deutsche U-bootkrieg in Asiens Gewässern, 1943–1945,
Heyne, Munich, 1973 at pp. 26–34.
U-180
sailed from Bordeaux for Japan in August 1943 with a cargo including mercury, radar equipment, dismantled V-weapons, blueprints and technical personnel and was mined and sunk off the mouth of the Gironde Estuary on the 22nd.

122
.
The US authorities have never admitted the presence of this Me 262 jet fighter aboard
U-234
and it was not included on any of their Loading Lists. The Japanese television network company NHK Tokyo, which produced a documentary in tribute to Hideo Tomonaga, showed film extracts originating from the US Archive in which
U-234
passenger August Bringewald, the Messerschmitt aeronautical engineer, was shown examining an Me 262 jet in apparently good condition at Wright Field air force base in May 1945. In the (somewhat romanticized) biographical account of his career
The Warring Seas
(A. V. Sellwood: White Horse Publishers, 1955), Fehler told the author then that there was a dismantled Me 262 jet aircraft aboard
U-234.
As commander it is not likely that he would be mistaken.

123
.
Feindfahrten,
Neff Verlag, Vienna, 1983 and in various reprints. An abbreviated English language version by this author appeared under the title
Hirschfeld – The Story of a U-boat NCO 1940–1946
(Leo Cooper and USNIP, 1997, also in Orion paperback and Cassells Military).