If This Is a Woman: Inside Ravensbruck: Hitler's Concentration Camp for Women (145 page)

Treite, Carl
295

Treite, Lily
295

Treite, Louisa (née Foot)
295

Treite, Percival, senior
295

Treite, Dr Percival: arrives at Ravensbrück
294
–
8
,
300
–
4
; attitude to patients
514
; and Block 10:
444
,
448
–
50
,
452
–
4
; examines Geneviève de Gaulle
438
; and hiding of Germaine Tillion
550
; and increase in killings
335
–
41
,
369
; and Mary Lindell
558
,
607
–
10
,
640
; and mass killings
495
–
7
,
502
–
4
,
515
,
546
; and mass shootings
473
,
495
; operates on Cicely Lefort
489
; operates on Milena Jesenska
385
; and release of British prisoners
607
–
10
; and remaining prisoner doctors
613
,
618
; saves woman from Ramdohr
308
; and sterilisation experiments
480
–
1
; and ‘straw women’
465
; and treatment of babies
413
–
18
; trial and suicide
609
–
10
,
637
,
639
,
640

Trevor-Roper, Hugh
65

Trksak, Irma
287
–
8
,
497
,
547

Trommer, Dr Richard
365n
,
369
,
453
,
490
,
504
,
515
,
527
,
542
,
550
,
579

Tschajalo, Tamara
265
–
7
,
276
–
8
; and Barth subcamp
310
,
317
–
18
,
319
,
321

Tschernitschenko, Halina
502

Tskaya, Belolipe
323

tuberculosis: and double deaths
466
; epidemic
336
–
7
; and prisoner releases
120
–
1
,
128
,
132
–
3
; and
Sondertransport
144
–
5
,
150
;
see also
Block
10

typhoid
274
,
337

typhus: and double deaths
466
; epidemic
462
–
3
,
465
; among Soviet prisoners
265
–
6
,
269
,
274
–
7

Uckermark Youth Camp: clearance of
577
–
81
; established as gassing centre
470
,
473
; increasing resistance at
547
–
8
; mass killings at
488
–
513
,
547
–
51
,
560
; ‘Mittwerda lists’
499
,
507
–
8
,
547
–
8
,
552
,
654
; and mobile gas
chambers
554
–
5
,
577
; numbers killed
510
,
513
,
654
; and poisoning
503
–
7
,
578
,
580
;
Revier
502
–
6
,
510
,
577
–
9
; Siemens and
285
,
423
; starvation order
503

Ullrich, Lisa
22
–
3

unemployment, rising
97

UNRRA
535

US State Department
565

Useldinger, Yvonne
511
,
557

V2 rockets
423
,
425
,
582
,
657

Vago, Aniko
483
,
484
–
5
,
487
–
8

Vago, Lydia
482
–
5
,
487
–
8
,
489
,
494

Vaillant-Couturier, Marie-Claude
513
,
516
,
566
,
586
,
597
,
613
,
618
,
620
–
1
,
630
; her account of Auschwitz
393
–
4
; and arrival of Red Army
621
–
2
; photographs of Dachau and Sachsenhausen
393

Valeske, Mina
145
,
147

Vanchenko, Vera
316
–
17

van den Boom, Claire
381
,
474

Van den Broek d’Obrenan, Madame
447

van de Perre, Selma
288
,
652
,
653
;
see also
van der Kuit, Margareta

Van der Aa, Jacqueline and Bramine
288

van der Kuit, Margareta
288
,
423
,
556
,
607
;
see also
van de Perre, Selma

Vargas, President Getulio
13
–
14

Vasilyeva, Nadia
625

Vavak, Anni
286
–
7
,
423
,
511
,
652

Veretenikova, Raisa
266

Verfügbare
168
,
173
,
176
,
373

Vermehren, Erich
354n

Vermehren, Isa
354
,
361n
,
395
–
6

Versailles Treaty
105

vigilante gangs
362

Virloguex, Claude
559

Vladimimova, Yevgenia
275

Vlasenko, Maria
261
–
6
,
268
,
271
,
273
,
621
,
622

Vlasov, General Andrei
411

Vogl, Major
141

Volkenrath, Elisabeth
48
,
182

Völkischer Beobachter
40
,
60
,
101

Volksdeutsche
160

Volkssturm militia
615
,
619
,
622

Vollrath, Elfriede
182

Voloshina, Ludmilla
271

von Helldorf, Count Wolf-Heinrich
395
–
6

von Metzler, Dr
415

von Witzleben, Wolf-Dietrich
641
,
651

Vught camp
405
,
422

VVN,
see
survivors’ associations

Wachstein, Marianne
28
–
9
,
33
,
43
–
5
,
54
,
56
,
70
–
2
,
100
,
143
,
154

Waitz, Katharina
19
,
28
,
98
–
9

Wamser, Anni
138

Wandervogel
7

Wannsee conference
139
–
40
,
146
,
181
,
331

War Crimes Commission
333

Warsaw Uprising
397
,
404
,
497
,
605

Wasilczenko, Hanna
413
–
14
,
418

Wasilczenko, Witold Grzegorz
414
,
418

Wasilewska, Halina
406
,
409
,
462
,
463
,
545

Wassner, Karl
454

Weber, Max
82

Wehlan, Eva,
see
Mennecke, Eva

Weimar Republic
7
,
12

Weinert baby
578
–
9

Weiss, Edith
54

Wellsberg, Pola and Chaya
409

Wendland, Herr
193
,
195

Werner, Ruth
57

Weyand (Sonntag), Dr Gerda
106
,
110
–
12
,
130
,
133
;
647
–
8

Widmann, Babette
80
,
135

Wiedmaier, Maria
52
,
56
,
58
–
60
,
79
–
81
,
109
,
114
,
135
,
137
–
8
,
143
,
150
–
1
,
299
; becomes head of VVN
644
; and sewing shop
200
–
1
,
203

Wiernick, Ilse
194
–
5

Wilborts, Marie-Jo
416
–
20

Wilgat, Maria
249
,
251
,
647

Wilhelm, Dr
71

Winkelmann, Dr Adolf
546
–
50
,
555
–
6
,
558
,
560
,
567
,
581
,
604
,
657
–
8

Wodzynska, Stefania and Wanda
605

Wojtasik, Wanda
161
–
7
,
169
,
173
–
6
,
204
,
206
,
208
,
378n
,
390
–
1
,
557
,
626
,
658
; and arrival of Warsaw women
405
,
407
; and confrontation with Suhren
594
–
5
; goes into hiding
517
–
18
,
520
; and medical experiments
214
–
18
,
251
–
2
; and protests
245
–
7
,
253

Wolk, Julie
315
,
317
,
320

World Jewish Congress
331
,
565
,
591

Wreschner, Charlotte and Margarete
536
–
7

Young, Mary
430
,
489
,
496
,
498
,
548
,
607
,
634

Zając, Krystyna
618
,
626

Zajączkowska, Basia
462
–
4
,
514
,
556
,
606
–
7

Zaremba, Krystyna
202
,
204

Zavrl, Vida
556
–
7

Zeh, Maria
23

Zetler, Frieda
606

Zhukov, Marshal
576

Zielonka, Maria
216
,
251

Zill, Egon
44

Zimberlin, Marie-Louise (‘Zim’)
447
–
8
,
559
,
567
–
8
,
572
–
4

Zimberlin, Sophie
573
–
4

Zimmer, Emma
26
,
29
,
38
,
41
–
6
,
70
,
78
,
112
,
181
; and Hedwig Apfel
42
–
3
; and Jewish lock-down
61
–
2
; and Kapos
52
–
3
; and Marianne Wachstein
44
–
5
; and murder of Gypsy
41
–
2
; and
Sondertransport
142
–
4
,
147

Zimmermann, Leonore
375

Zuur, Sabine
549

Zwodau subcamp
379
,
391

Acknowledgements

My intention in this book was to tell the story of Ravensbrück primarily through the voices of the women themselves, but time was already running out. My initial task was to search for the last survivors. For this, I needed guides, and my first thanks go to them.

Survivors in Russia and the East were bound to be the hardest to find, not least because so few names were known.

I first met Dr Bärbel Schindler-Saefkow in her sunny allotment in East Berlin, a stone’s throw from the Karlshorst mansion where Nazi forces surrendered to the Red Army on 9 May 1945. The daughter of a communist survivor, Bärbel had grown up in East Germany living and breathing the story of Ravensbrück, and the East European survivors had become her ‘family’. Their stories first came alive for me sitting at a table in Bärbel’s allotment and from there I set off on trails which led to Moscow, St Petersburg, Kiev and Donetsk. Bärbel helped in countless ways to the very last days of my research.