Iran's Deadly Ambition (35 page)

12
.
   
Ibid.

13
.
   
Daniel Patrick Moynihan, “Defining Deviancy Down,”
American Scholar
62, no. 1 (Winter 1993): 17
–
30,
http://www.utexas.edu/law/journals/tlr/sources/Volume%2092/Issue%206/Koppelman/Koppelman.fn051.Moynihan.DefiningDeviancy.pdf
.

14
.
   
“Former IRGC Politburo Chief: Iran Is ‘Strategic Rival’ of West,”
IranDailyBrief.com
, October 23, 2012,
http://www.irandailybrief.com/2012/10/23/former-irgc-politburo-chief-iran-is-strategic-rival-of-west/
.

15
.
   
White House, Office of the Press Secretary, “Statement by the President on Cuba Policy Changes,” December 17, 2014,
http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/12/17/statement-president-cuba-policy-changes
.

16
.
   
Keith Johnson, “Kerry Makes It Official: ‘Era of Monroe Doctrine Is Over,’ ”
Wall Street Journal
, November 18, 2013,
http://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2013/11/18/kerry-makes-it-official-era-of-monroe-doctrine-is-over/
.

17
.
   
See, for example, Ryan Costello and Trita Parsi, “If It’s True on Cuba, It’s True on Iran,” National Iranian American Council, December 17, 2014,
http://www.niacouncil.org/true-cuba-true-iran/
; see also Barbara Slavin, “Cuba Shift Could Help Break Iran Deadlock,” Voice of America, December 23, 2014,
http://www.voanews.com/content/slavin-cuba-shift-could-help-/2570501.html
.

18
.
   
Arash Karami, “Iran Sees Failure of US Sanctions in Cuba Decision,”
Al-Monitor
, December 23, 2014,
http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/12/iran-us-cuba-rapprochement-sanctions-failure.html
.

19
.
   
For a further discussion, see Behnam Ben Taleblu, “Reading Washington’s New Cuba Policy in Tehran,” policy brief, Foundation for Defense of Democracies, December 26, 2014,
http://defenddemocracy.org/media-hit/behnam-ben-taleblu-reading-washingtons-new-cuba-policy-in-tehran/
.

Index

Abbas, Mahmoud,
55

Abedini, Saeed,
43

Abuja (Nigeria),
144

Afghanistan,
50–54
,
60–61
,
80–81
,
106
,
107

Afghanistan-Iran Strategic Cooperation Agreement,
53

Afghanistan War,
50
,
52
,
53
,
60
,
80
,
111

Afghan refugees,
39–40

Africa, Iranian involvement in: diplomatic outreach,
134–36
,
137
; economic arrangements,
23
,
50
,
136
; Hezbollah and,
141–44
; Iranian nuclear program and,
135–36
,
138–41
; Iranian strategies,
134
; security arrangements,
23
,
50
,
131–33
,
137–38
; in South Africa,
136–37
; in Sudan,
131–34
; trade,
136
,
141

Agence France Presse,
41

Ahmadi, Mojtaba,
147–48

Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud: Africa-Iran relations and,
134–35
,
137
,
140
; Chávez and,
111–12
; elected to Iranian presidency,
16
,
111
; as Holocaust denier,
137
; IRGC and,
16–17
; on Israel’s elimination,
59
; Khamenei vs.,
134–35
; Latin America–Iran relations and,
111–12
,
116
,
117
,
120–21
,
126–27
; North Korea–Iran relations and,
102
; Pakistan-Iran pipeline project approved by,
106
; reelection of,
7
,
28
,
63
,
156
; SCO appearance of,
80
; spiritual teacher of,
61
; Tajikistan-Iran relations and,
91
; U.N. speech of,
24
,
123

Ajax Security Team,
155

Akil, Ibrahim,
101

ALBA.
See
Bolivarian Alliance of the Americas

Aliyev, Ilham,
89

Amano, Yukiya,
149

American Enterprise Institute,
135

American Scholar
,
166

AML (Anti-Money Laundering) Index,
90

Angola,
142

Annual Report on Military Power of Iran
(U.S. Dept. of Defense),
126

anti-aircraft missiles,
85

anti-Americanism,
111
,
120
,
166

Anvari, Hadi,
44

Arab Spring: Bahraini protests,
32–35
; Egyptian protests,
27–28
; Egypt-Iran relations following,
29–32
; Internet and,
156
; Iranian destabilization efforts during,
32–35
; spread of to Iran prevented,
28–29
,
42–44
; Syria-Iran relations and,
41
; Syrian protests,
38
; Tunisian protests,
27
; U.S. foreign policy and,
94

Arafat, Yasser,
57

Araqchi, Abbas,
2–3

Argentina,
109
,
110
,
115
,
116
,
122–25
,
127

Argentine Congress,
124

Argüello, Jorge,
123

Armenia,
88–89

Armenian genocide,
89

arms trade,
96–97
,
99
,
103
,
118
,
136–37
,
144–46

Asghari, Ali Reza,
102

Asharq al-Awsat
(Saudi newspaper),
34
,
37–38

Asher, David,
50

Ashiyane (hacker collective),
151

Asia, Iranian involvement in: in China,
95–98
; Hezbollah and,
101
,
103–6
; Iranian nuclear program and,
96–97
,
99–101
; in North Korea,
98–103
; in Pakistan,
106–7
; security arrangements,
96–98
,
99
; trade,
95–96
; U.S. Asian tilt and,
93–94

ASL19 (Iranian research group),
8

Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina (AMIA), terrorist attack on,
116
,
122–23
,
124
,
127

al-Assad, Bashar,
6
; Hamas vs.,
55
; Iranian support of,
38–42
,
50
,
152
; Islamic State opposition to,
46
; militias supporting,
39
; North Korea–Iran alliance and,
102
; Venezuela-Iran alliance and,
113

Assembly of Experts,
23

Associated Press,
139

Atlantic Council,
143
,
162

automotive trade,
66

“axis of evil,”
163

“axis of resistance,”
38–39
,
41–42
,
56

Ayad, Youssef,
103–4

Azerbaijan,
88
,
89–90
,
148

Azeri separatism,
88

Ba
athism,
20–21

Badreddine, Mustapha,
101

Baghdad (Iraq),
45

al-Baghdadi, Abu Bakr,
46

Bahrain,
24
,
32
,
33

Baidu (Chinese search engine),
151

Banco Internacional de Desarrollo,
112–13

Bandar Abbas (Iran),
97–98
,
167–68

Bangkok (Thailand),
103–4

Ban Ki-moon,
44
,
71

Bank of America,
152

Bank of Kunlun,
97

Barzashka, Ivanka,
150

Basel Institute on Governance,
90

al-Bashir, Omar,
132–33

Basij (domestic militia),
151

Beirut (Lebanon),
49
,
104

Belarus,
75

Ben Ali, Zine el-Abidine,
27

Benin,
135
,
140

Berlin (Germany),
74
,
163

Bin Laden, Osama,
45
,
46

biological weapons,
18

Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan),
80

blood-diamond trade,
142–43

Bloomberg reports,
3

Bolívar, Simón de,
111

Bolivarian Alliance of the Americas (ALBA),
109–10
,
118
,
127

Bolivia,
109–10
,
115
,
117–18

Boot, Max,
48

Boroujerdi, Alaeddin,
41

Brazil,
110
,
115
,
120–22

Brezhnev, Leonid,
70

Brookings Institution,
48

Buenos Aires (Argentina),
128

Burgas (Bulgaria), bus bombing in,
72–73
,
74

Burkina Faso,
135
,
142

Bush, George W./Bush administration: Chávez vs.,
113–14
; “freedom agenda” of,
6
,
87
; Iran policy of,
1
,
68
,
163

Bushehr (Iran),
84

Cairo, Arab Spring protests in,
27
,
28

caliphate, Islamic,
13
,
46

Camp David Accords,
29

Canada,
153–54
,
164

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace,
139
,
165

Carter, James Earl “Jimmy”/Carter administration,
99

Castro, Fidel,
109
,
168

Caucasus region, Iranian influence in,
87–90

censorship,
44

Center for a Secure Free Society,
130

Central African Republic,
141

Central Asia, Iranian influence in,
90–92

Central Bank of Iran (CBI),
97

Chabahar (Iran),
51

Chávez, Hugo,
109
,
110–12
,
114–15
,
118
,
126–27

chemical weapons,
18

Chile,
115

China: adventurist foreign policy of,
94
; arms sales of,
144
,
145
; blogosphere in,
159
; cyber attacks in,
148
,
153
; economic growth of,
95
; energy dependency of,
95–96
; Internet control in,
156
; as Iranian trade partner,
65
; navy of,
97–98
; as P5+1 member,
1
,
163
; Pakistan-Iran pipeline extension to,
106
; regional rise of,
94
; relations with Iran,
95–98
; relations with Tajikistan,
91
; as revisionist power,
12
; as SCO member,
80
; as Shanghai
Five member,
79
; and U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan,
81