Lincoln (140 page)

180
“to that party”: CW,
2:288.

181
“the Union dissolved”: CW,
2:270.

181
“an innocent one”: CW,
2:256.

181
all “mere politicians”:
Zebina Eastman to WHH, Jan. 2, 1866, HWC.

181
“all his kin”:
C. H. Ray to E. B. Washburne, Dec. 24, 1855, Washburne MSS, LC.

181
“is all right”:
Zebina Eastman,
History of the Anti-Slavery Agitation, and the Growth of the Liberty and Republican Parties in the State of Illinois
(pamphlet in Eastman MSS, Chicago Historical Society), p. 671.

181
“in the State”:
E. B. Washburne to Zebina Eastman, Dec. 19, 1854, Eastman MSS, Chicago Historical Society.

181
help elect Lincoln:
Pinsker, “Senator Abraham Lincoln,” p. 12.

181
new General Assembly:
Leonard Swett to AL, Dec. 22, 1854, Lincoln MSS, LC.

182
lost him support:
Pinsker, “If You Know Nothing,” p. 12.

182
“to the Sennet”:
Charles Hoyt to AL, Nov. 20, 1854, Lincoln MSS, LC.

182
“at your disposal”:
Robert Boal to AL, Dec. 7, 1854, Lincoln MSS, LC.

182
“again)
the Man”: Hugh Lamaster to AL, Dec. 11, 1854, Lincoln MSS, LC.

182
“make no pledges”:
Abraham Jonas to AL, Dec. 2, 1854, Lincoln MSS, LC.

182
“to commit himself”:
Thomas A. Marshall to AL, Dec. 8, 1854, Lincoln MSS, LC.

182
“era of Slavery”:
Thomas J. Turner to AL, Dec. 10, 1854, Lincoln MSS, LC.

182
“in the future”:
Robert W. Johannsen, ed.,
The Letters of Stephen A. Douglas
(Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1961), p. 331.

183
“person for it”:
Pinsker, “Senator Abraham Lincoln,” p. 11.

183
“Anti-Slavery men”: CW,
11:9..

183
“for US senator”:
Joseph Gillespie to WHH, Sept. 19, 1866, HWC.

183
“make an election
”.:
CW,
11:9.

184
Trumbull had
5: For a summary of the votes on the ten ballots, see Fehrenbacher,
Prelude to
Greatness,
p. 175.

184
La Salle County:
Pinsker, “Senator Abraham Lincoln,” pp. 18–19.

184
as he directed:
WHH, interview with Stephen T. Logan, undated, Lamon MSS, HEH. See also WHH, interview with S. C. Parks, undated, Lamon MSS, HEH.

184
“disappointed and mortified”:
Joseph Gillespie to WHH, Sept. 19, 1866, HWC.

184
“consented to it”: CW,
2:307.

184
“of his friends”
: Joseph Gillespie, memorandum, Apr. 22, 1880, MS, Chicago Historical Society.

184
“he could be”:
Willard L. King,
Lincoln’s Manager: David Davis
(Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1960), p. 108.

184
“gives me pain”: CW,
2:306.

185
“my friend Trumbull”:
Horace White,
The Life of Lyman Trumbull
(Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1913), p. 45.

185
“promoting my own”:
Pinsker, “Senator Abraham Lincoln,” p. 20.

185
“to work again”: CW,
2:308.

185
“of last year”: CW,
2:317.

185
closely similar machines:
For a succinct account, see Albert A. Woldman,
Lauyer Lincoln
(Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1936), pp. 172–176.

186
“such a case”:
Robert H. Parkinson, “The Patent Case that Lifted Lincoln into a Presidential Candidate,”
ALQ
4 (Summer 1946): 105–122. For further details, see Pratt,
Personal Finances,
pp. 54–56.

186
“you no good”.
WHH to Jesse W. Weik, Jan. 6, 1887, HWC.

187
“that man Stanton
”:
Herndon’s Lincoln,
2:356.

187
greater real freedom:
Harvey Wish,
George Fitzhugh: Propagandist of the Old South
(Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1943), pp. 154–156.

187
“he is wronged”: CW,
2:222. The editors of Lincoln’s
Collected Works
tentatively attributed these reflections on slavery to July 1, 1854, but I believe it is more likely that they were written the following year.

187
superior to your own: CW,
2:222–223.

188
“superintend the solution”: CW,
2:318.

188
“executed in violence”: CW,
2:321.

188
“more effective channels”:
Donald,
Lincoln’s Herndon,
pp. 81–82.

188
life, was dying:
For a brilliant explanation of the death of the Whig party, see Michael F. Holt, “The Mysterious Disappearance of the American Whig Party,” in his
Political Parties and American Political Development,
pp. 236–264.

189
“of any consequence”: CW,
2:126.

189
“alloy of hypocracy”: CW,
2:322–323.

189
new political party:
The authoritative account of this fusion is Gienapp,
The Origins of the
Republican Party.

190
free-soil doctrine:
For an incisive exposition, see Eric Foner,
Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men: The Ideology of the Republican Party
Before the Civil War
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1970), chap. 3.

190
on May 29:
Paul Selby, “The Editorial Convention of 1856”
JISHS
5 (Oct. 1912): 343–349.

190
“in favor of”: CW,
2:333.

190
“stay at home”:
Beveridge, 2:359.

190
with the Democrats: CW,
2:333.

190
“radicals and all”:
Herndon later claimed that he had “forged” Lincoln’s name, without his consent. For an examination of the evidence, see Donald,
Lincoln’s Herndon,
pp. 86–88.

191
“kinder” needed them:
Whitney,
Life on the Circuit,
p. 92.

191
were former Whigs:
Gienapp,
Origins of the Republican Party,
pp. 294–295. Hoffmann was found to be ineligible, and a substitute was named.

191
what he said:
In the September 1896 issue of
McClure’s Magazine,
Whitney published what purported to be the text of this speech. Nearly all Lincoln scholars question its authenticity. See Paul M. Angle’s introduction to Whitney,
Life on the Circuit,
pp. 24–25.

191
“of the hour”: Herndon’s Lincoln,
2:384.

192
“one and inseparable”: CW,
2:341.

192
tall that day: Herndon’s Lincoln,
2:384. There are strong reasons for doubting Herndon’s story that, shortly after the Bloomington convention, only three persons attended a Republican ratification meeting in Springfield. Donald,
Lincoln’s Herndon,
pp. 90–91.

192
“foreigners, within bounds”:
Turner,
Mary Todd Lincoln,
p. 46.

192
“may think Wrong”: CW,
2:342–343.

193
the Western states:
Nathaniel G. Wilcox to AL, June 6, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC; Jesse W. Weik, “Lincoln’s Vote for Vice-President in the Philadelphia Convention of 1856,”
Century Magazine 76
(June 1908): 186–189.

193
“John C. Frémont”:
Charles W. Johnson,
Proceedings of the First Three Republican National
Conventions of 1856, 1860 and 1864
(Minneapolis: Charles W. Johnson, 1893), pp. 61–62.

193
to Lincoln’s 110:
Ibid., pp. 63–64. On the formal ballot, after Lincoln received 20 votes from Connecticut, New York, and Pennsylvania, Palmer withdrew his name in favor of Dayton. Ibid., pp. 65–66.

193
“reckon it’s him”:
Whitney,
Life on the Circuit,
p. 96.

193
“for the state”: CW,
11.11.

193
“in
his speech”: M. P. McKinley to AL, July 22, 1856, HWC.

194
“with Henry Clay’s”: CW,
2:380.

194
“world-renowned commander”: CW,
2:379.

194
“and his gang”: CW,
2:358.

194
as form letters: CW,
2:374–375.

194
“eloquence and power”: CW,
2:349, 375.

194
“in the extreme”: CW,
2:359.

194
“tolerably well satisfied”: CW,
2:360.

194
“he has us”: CW,
2:358.

Don E. Fehrenbacher,
Prelude to Greatness: Lincoln in the 1850’s
(Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1962), is by far the best analysis of the Lincoln-Douglas debates. My indebtedness to this brilliant book, both for facts and interpretations, is evident throughout this chapter.

For the general background of the Lincoln-Douglas debates, David M. Potter,
The Impending Crisis, 1848–1861,
completed and edited by Don E. Fehrenbacher (New York: Harper & Row, 1976), is invaluable. For a fuller, more descriptive account, see Allan Nevins,
The Emergence of Lincoln: Douglas, Buchanan, and Party Chaos, 1857–1859
(New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1950). Kenneth M. Stampp,
America in 1857: A Nation on the Brink
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1990), is a rewarding analysis of the events that led up to the Lincoln-Douglas debates. Arthur C. Cole,
The Era of the Civil War, 1848–1870
(Springfield: Illinois Centennial Commission, 1919), remains the authoritative account of Illinois politics during this period. My discussion of the Dred Scott case has benefited immensely from Don E. Fehrenbacher’s
Dred Scott Case: Its Significance in American Law and Politics
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1978), a masterful work.