Lincoln (144 page)

228
carry key counties:
I. H. Waters to O. M. Hatch, Nov. 3, 1858, Hatch MSS, ISHL.

228
“and other cities”:
WHH to Theodore Parker, Nov. 8, 1858, Herndon-Parker MSS, University of Iowa Library.

228
“than all others”:
G. W. Rives to O. M. Hatch, Nov. 10, 1858, Hatch MSS, ISHL.

228
“me except Billy’:
Henry C. Whitney to WHH, July 18, 1887, HWC.

229
“one
hundred
defeats”: CW,
3:339.

This chapter draws heavily on two excellent accounts of the 1860 campaign and election: William E. Baringer,
Lincoln’s Rise to Power
(Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1937), and Reinhard H. Luthin,
The First Lincoln Campaign
(Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1944).

For the general political background of that election, see David M. Potter,
The Impending Crisis, 1848–1861,
completed and edited by Don E. Fehrenbacher (New York: Harper & Row, 1976), and Allan Nevins,
The Emergence of Lincoln,
vol. 2,
Prologue to Civil War, 1859–1861
(New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1951).

For Lincoln’s activities during the year before his election, Harry V. Jaffa and Robert W. Johannsen, eds.,
In the Name of the People: Speeches and Writings of Lincoln and Douglas in the Ohio Campaign of 1859
(Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1959), is indispensable.

There are several good studies of the Republican convention that nominated Lincoln: Kenneth M. Stampp, “The Republican National Convention of 1860,” in his
The Imperiled Union: Essays on the Background of the Civil War
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1980), pp. 136–162; Don E. Fehrenbacher, “The Republican Decision at Chicago,” in Norman A. Graebner, ed.,
Politics and the Crisis of 1860
(Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1961), pp. 32–60; and Elting Morison, “The Election of 1860,” in Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., and Fred L. Israel, eds.,
History of American Presidential Elections, 1789–1968
(New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1971), 2:1097–1122.
Proceedings of the First Three Republican National Conventions of 1856, 1860 and 1864
(Minneapolis: Charles W. Johnson, 1893), is a rather dry record, but William B. Hesseltine,
Three Against Lincoln: Murat Halstead Reports the Caucuses of 1860
(Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1960), recaptures the color and excitement of that gathering.

Willard L. King,
Lincoln’s Manager, David Davis
(Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1960), is essential to an understanding of Lincoln’s campaign.

The best analysis of the 1860 election returns is William E. Gienapp, “Who Voted for Lincoln?” in John L. Thomas, ed.,
Abraham Lincoln and the American Political Tradition
(Amherst, Mass.: University of Massachusetts Press, 1986), pp. 50–97. For valuable essays on how immigrant groups, particularly the Germans, voted, see Frederick C. Leubke, ed.,
Ethnic Voters and the Election of Lincoln
(Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1971).

230
“my private business”: CW,
3:396.

230
“even household purposes”: CW,
3:337.

230
“have already had”: CW,
3:387.

231
the Republican party: CW,
3:337, 341.

231
to remain neutral:
Don E. Fehrenbacher,
Chicago Giant: A Biography of “Long John” Wentworth
(Madison, Wis.: American History Research Center, 1957), offers a full account of this complicated feud.

231
“languages from myself”: CW,
3:380.

232
“for that plank”: CW,
3:384.

232
“we shall disagree”: CW,
3:391.

232
“the Slave power”: CW,
3:345. This phrase, which Lincoln had avoided using up through 1858, now began to appear in his speeches and letters.

232
dangers of “Douglasism”: CW,
3:379.

232
“he absorbs them”: CW,
3:367.

232
of
Harper’s Magazine: Robert W. Johannsen, “Stephen A. Douglas, ‘Harper’s Magazine,’ and Popular Sovereignty,” in
The Frontier, the Union, and Stephen
A.
Douglas
(Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1989), pp. 120–145. Douglas’s article is most easily available in Jaffa and Johannsen,
In the Name of the People,
pp. 58–125.

232
“their internal polity”:
Ibid., pp. 84–85.

233
“of the Union”:
Ibid., p. 150.

233
“most insidious one”: CW,
3:394.

233
“the little gentleman”:
W. T. Bascom to AL, Sept. 1, 1859, Lincoln MSS, LC.

233
“kick like thunder”:
Joseph Medill to AL, Sept. 10, 1859, Lincoln MSS, LC.

233
“right to object”: CW,
3:434, 428, 405.

233
“of public opinion’: CW,
3:423.

233
“against the negro”: CW,
3:431.

233
“and the reptile”: CW,
3:425.

233
“country is everything”: CW,
3:424.

233
“the miners and sappers”: CW,
3:423.

233
“their own labor”: CW,
3:446.

234
“in the world”: CW,
3:477–478. For Wayland’s influence on Lincoln, see Gabor S. Boritt,
Lincoln and the Economics of the American Dream
(Memphis: Memphis State University Press, 1978), pp. 122–124. Most Republican leaders shared Lincoln’s belief in the labor theory of value. Heather C. Richardson, “Constructing ‘the Greatest Nation of the Earth’: Economic Policies of the Republican Party During the American Civil War” (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University, 1992), esp. chap. 1.

234
“his early condition”: CW,
10:43.

234
upward social mobility:
David R. Wrone, “Abraham Lincoln’s Idea of Property,”
Science and
Society
33 (Winter 1969): 54–70.

234
“or kick understandingly: CW
, 3:479.

235
“free white people”: CW,
2:268. Such use would presumably exclude both slaves and free blacks. Johannsen,
Lincoln, the South, and Slavery,
p. 33.

235
“to go there”: CW,
10:45.

235
“President or
vice”: G. W. Rives to O. M. Hatch, Nov. 11, 1858, Hatch MSS, ISHL.

235
Reading
(Pennsylvania)
Journal: Baringer,
Lincoln’s Rise to Power,
pp. 51–62.

235
“me as President”:
Henry Villard,
Memoirs of Henry Villard, Journalist and Financier, 1835–1890
(Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co., 1904), 1:97. Residents of Illinois were often referred to as “Suckers.”

235
archrival, Judd: Chicago Democrat,
Nov. 11, 1858.

236
movement in Ohio: CW,
3:377, 395.

236
“habit of doing”:
E.A. Studley to O. M. Hatch, Sept. 7, 1859, Hatch MSS, ISHL.

237
a best-seller:
The best account of the publishing history of this volume is David C. Mearns’s introduction to
The Illinois Political Campaign of 1858: A Facsimile of the Printer’s Copy of His Debates with Senator Stephen Arnold Douglas as Edited and Prepared for the Press by Abraham Lincoln
(Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1958). For discussions of the various editions of the debates, see
LL,
no. 337 (Sept. 23, 1935); R. Gerald McMurtry,
The Different Editions of the “Debates of Lincoln and Douglas”
(pamphlet reprinted from
Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society,
1934); and Jay Monaghan,
Lincoln Bibliography, 1839–1939
(Springfield: Illinois State Historical Library, 1943), 1:18–20.

237
“much of me”.CW,
3:511–512.

237
in February 1860:
Andrew A. Freeman,
Abraham Lincoln Goes to New York
(New York: Coward-McCann, 1960), gives a detailed account of Lincoln’s visit.

237
Woods & Henckle, $100: Day by Day,
2:271.

238
stop-Seward movement:
Randall,
Lincoln the President,
1:135.

238
called his “shaddow”: CW,
4:39.

238
“than his father”:
Francis Fisher Browne,
The Every-Day Life of Abraham Lincoln
(Chicago: Browne & Howell Co., 1913), 1:217.

238
handsome, statesmanlike image:
This portrait is admirably reproduced in James Mellon,
The
Face of Lincoln
(New York: Viking Press, 1979), p. 51. See also Charles Hamilton and Lloyd Ostendorf,
Lincoln in Photographs: An Album of Every
Known Pose
(Dayton, Ohio: Morningside, 1985), pp. 36–37.

238
at the outset:
George Haven Putnam, “The Speech that Won the East for Lincoln,”
Outlook
130 (Feb. 8, 1922); 220–222.

239
“in the federal territories”: CW,
3:534.

239
“that old policy”: CW,
3:537.

239
abolitionist was “insane”: CW,
3:496, 503.

239
“refused to participate “: CW,
3:541.

239
“in all events”: CW,
3:543.

239 “
’be a murderer!’”.: CW,
3:547.

239
“we understand it”: CW,
3:550. The last sentence is in full capitals in Lincoln’s
Collected Works.

239
“since St. Paul”:
Baringer,
Lincoln’s Rise to Power,
p. 158.

239
“I ever heard”:
Hiram Barney to AL, Feb. 28, 1860 (on the back of the envelope of Edward Wallace to AL, Feb. 25, 1860), Lincoln MSS, LC.