Rebellion: The History of England from James I to the Glorious Revolution (78 page)

Parliament Scout

Partridge, John:
Calendarium Judaicum

party politics: beginnings

Peacemaker, The

Peacham, Henry:
The Complete Gentleman

Pelham, Sir William

Pembroke, Philip Herbert, 4th earl of

Pembroke, William Herbert, 3rd earl of

Penn, Admiral William

Pennington, Vice-Admiral Sir John

Pepys, Elizabeth

Pepys, Roger

Pepys, Samuel: on posthumous praise for Cromwell; describes Monck; on popular oath; on reintroduction of maypole; on folly of marrying pregnant women; on rainstorm after Charles II’s coronation; deplores power of bishops; on Charles II’s mistresses; on Sedley’s outrageous behaviour; diary descriptions; on Great Plague; and national shortage of money; on fall of Clarendon; on popular mistrust of Charles II; on
École des Filles
; develops navy

Percy, Thomas

‘Petitioners, the’

Petre, Edward, SJ

Phelips, Sir Robert

Philip III, king of Spain

Philip IV, king of Spain

Pickering, Sir Gilbert

plague: (1603); (1626); London (1685)

Player, Sir Thomas

poll tax: introduced

poor, the: increase in numbers; welfare under Charles I

Popish Plot (1678)

portents and prognostications

Porter, Endymion

Portland, Richard Weston, 1st earl of

Portsmouth, Louise de Kérouaille, duchess of

Portugal: and marriage of Catherine of Braganza to Charles II

Pory, John

preaching: style; as distributor of news

predestination: as doctrine

Presbyterians: James I’s hostility to; Charles I’s concessions to; at Westminster Assembly; differences with Independents; earl of Manchester embraces; suppress printing; Charles I negotiates with; on Church rule; plan disbandment of New Model Army; eleven members charged; hostility to army; excluded from parliament by Pride; Charles II promises support to; in Cavalier Parliament; adapt to Charles II’s regime; prepare for separate church;
see also
Church of Scotland

press: controlled;
see also
books; printing

Preston, battle of (1648)

Pride, Colonel Thomas: ‘purge’; raids bear-garden

print shops and boo
ksellers

printing: suppressed (1643)

Privy Council: legislative powers; reformed

professions

prostitution: in London

Protestant Union

Protestantism: James I embraces; and Bohemian crisis; divisions; persecuted in Europe; under threat in France; in Thirty Years War; Louis XIII grants freedom of worship; and Popish Plot;
see also
Huguenots

Providence Island Company

Prynne, William: puritanism; charged, sentenced and ears cut off; satirizes Eucharistic rites; prosecuted and punished with Bastwick; released and returns to London;
Histriomastix

purge: as word

puritans: present millenary petition to James I; religious beliefs and practices; ordered to conform to Book of Common Prayer; under Charles I; anti-Laudian reaction; women and; clergy removed from livings (1662)

Putney: Fairfax sets up HQ at; debates (1647)

Pye, Sir Robert

Pym, John: speaks against Catholic threat; on parliamentary authority in religion; supports Scots against Charles; supports Providence Island Company; petitions Charles to make peace with Scots; leads ‘Protestant Cause’; speaks in parliament; Strafford threatens; accusations against Strafford; passes ‘root and branch’ petition; reforms; as chancellor of exchequer; speeches published; ten propositions; alarmed at Charles’ proposed visit to Scotland; as ‘King Pym’ and mastery in parliament; pledges to suppress Irish rebellion; and ‘Grand Remonstrance’; blames Charles for Irish rebellion; prepares for war at home; supports mob against bishops; character and appearance; impeachment charges against; locks doors of Commons chamber; fear of traitor’s death; raises money in civil war; rejects Essex’s proposed truce offer to Charles I; death

Quakers

Radcliffe, Sir George

Rainsborough, Thomas

Raleigh, Lady

Raleigh, Sir Walter: suspected of conspiracy; forfeits Sherborne; Prince Henry admires; sails for Guiana; executed

Ranke, Leopold von

Ranters (religious)

religion: divisions and controversies; Westminster Assembly proposes reform; enthusiasts and radicals; under Cromwell and commonwealth; under Charles II; Charles II’s declaration of indulgence on; proliferation of sects under Charles II;
see also
Catholics; Protestantism

Reresby, Sir John

Reynolds, John

Rhé (island, France)

Rich, Frances (
née
Cromwell; Oliver’s daughter)

Rich, Sir Nathaniel

Rich, Robert

Richelieu, Cardinal Armand Jean Duplessis, duc de

Ripon

Rochester, John Wilmot, 2nd earl of

Roe, Sir Thomas

Rogers, Thorold

‘root and branch’ party

Rossingham, Edward

roundheads: as term; army strength; desecrate churches; weapons and equipment

Roundway Down, battle of (1643)

Rous, Francis

Rous, John

Royal Africa Company

Royal Charles
(ship)

royal forests: limited

Royal Society: Bacon’s influence on; formed; Newton and; and economic improvements

royalists: pamphlets; forces muster (1642); supporters; wartime strategy; final defeats; protest at Charles I’s execution; conspiracies in London; in Cavalier Parliament (1661);
see also
cavaliers

Rubens, Peter Paul

‘Rump Parliament’,
see under
Parliament

Rupert, Prince, Count Palatine of the Rhine: commands cavalry in civil war; plunder in war; in Oxford; moves to Bristol; defeated at Marston Moor; at Naseby; surrenders Bristol; Charles I dismisses; cavalry raids from Oxford; commands fleet under Charles II

Rushworth, John

Russell, William, Lord

Rye House Plot (1683)

Sagredo, Giovanni

St John, Elizabeth

St John, Oliver

St Kitts: French occupy

St Martin (citadel, France)

St Paul’s Cathedral (old): as meeting centre; crowd destroys altar

St Winifred: shrine

Salisbury, Robert Cecil, 1st earl of (
earlier
viscount Cranborne): and accession of James I; office under James I; informed of Gunpowder Plot; and taxation measures; and ‘great contract’; on national financial difficulties; death

Sancroft, William, archbishop of Canterbury

Sandwich, Edward Mountague, 1st earl of

Sandys, Sir Edwin

Saye, William Fiennes, 1st viscount

science: and Royal Society

Scotland: James I visits (1617); Charles I’s relations with; opposes Charles I’s religious orders; national covenant; prepares for war against Charles I (1639); preparations for second war and advance into England (1640); negotiates with Charles I; English parliament votes £300,000 to; Charles I visits (1641); solemn league and covenant with England; volunteers support parliamentary cause in England; readiness to negotiate with Charles I; Charles I surrenders to; returns Charles I to parliament for cash; and Charles I in Isle of Wight; ‘Engagement’ with Charles; in second civil war; proclaims Charles II king; invites Charles II to visit; Cromwell’s campaign in (1650); Monck in; ordinance incorporating into commonwealth;
see also
Edinburgh

Scottish Church
see
Church of Scotland

Scroggs, William

Scrope, Philadelphia, Lady (
née
Carey)

Sealed Knot (royalist conspiratorial group)

Sedgemoor, battle of (1685)

Sedley, Sir Charles

self-denying ordinance

Seller, Abednego:
The History of Passive Obedience

sermons; published

seven bishops: consigned to Tower and acquitted

Sexby, Edward

Seymour, Sir Francis

Seymour, William

Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st earl of: Charles II attacks; as senior councillor; as controversial figure; supports royal prerogative; on duke of York’s undependability; dismissed by Charles II; opposes Danby; urges dissolution of Cavalier Parliament; followers; objects to long suspension of parliament; sent to Tower; as champion of Protestantism; proposes dismissal of duke of York from king’s council; on election of ‘courtiers’ to parliament; appointed lord president; on Charles II’s proroguing parliament (1679); opposes James II’s accession, 4435; presents Charles II with petition for sitting of parliament; attempts prosecution of duke of York and Duchess of Portsmouth; takes refuge and dies in Holland; ‘Letter from a Person of Quality’

Shakespeare, William;
The Tempest
;
The Winter’s Tale

Sharp, James, archbishop of St Andrews

Sheffield: poverty

Sheldon, Gilbert, archbishop of Canterbury

Shelley, Percy Bysshe

Sherland, Anthony

ship-money (tax)

Shirley, James

‘Short Parliament’,
see under
Parliament

Shrewsbury, Charles Talbot, 12th earl (
later
duke) of

Shrewsbury, Gilbert Talbot, 7th earl of

Sidney, Algernon

silver: minted in England for Antwerp

Sindercombe, Miles

slaves: in Pepys’s London

Slingsby, Sir Henry

soap: manufacturing monopoly

Sole Bay, battle of (1672)

solemn league and covenant; burned

Somerset, Frances Howard, countess of (
earlier
countess of Essex)

Somerset, Robert Carr, 1st earl of (
earlier
viscount Rochester): as James I’s favourite; Prince Henry disparages; infatuation with and marriage to Frances Howard; and Overbury murder; breach with James I; as lord chamberlain; draws up self-pardon; trial

Southampton, Thomas Wriothesley, 4th earl of

Spain: peace with England; marriage arrangements for Charles I; Raleigh attacks on Orinoco; and Bohemian crisis; popular hostility to; Prince Charles visits with Buckingham; prospective war with; war with England (1625); secret treaty with England (1634); fleet in English Channel (1639); Cromwell considers alliance with; declares war on England (1655); defeated at battle of the dunes (1658)

sports: controlled under James I

Spottiswoode, John, archbishop of St Andrews

Sprat, Thomas

stagecoaches

Stamford, Henry Grey, 1st earl of

Star Chamber; abolished

Stewart, Frances

‘stillborn parliament’,
see under
Parliament

‘stop, the’

Stourbridge Fair

Strafford, Sir Thomas Wentworth, 1st earl of: opposes illegal imprisonment; titles; as lord president of north and lord deputy of Ireland; and ‘Thorough’ (regime); letters from Laud; and Scottish defiance; returns from Ireland to advise Charles I; unpopularity; and invading Scots army (1640); Commons issue grievances against; joins Charles in London; threatens Pym and Hampden; accused of high treason; trial; Bill of Attainder against; demands for death; executed

Strode, William

Stuart, Lady Arabella

Stuart dynasty: ends (1688)

Stukeley, William

Suckling, Sir John

Suffolk, Thomas Howard, 1st earl of

Sweden: England proposes holy crusade against Catholic powers; under Gustavus Adolphus; in Triple Alliance (1668)

syphilis: spread from Naples

Tate, Zouch

taxation: under James I; under Charles I; after Charles I’s death; under Cromwell; under Charles II;
see also
excise; ship-money; tonnage and poundage

tea

Temple, Sir William;
Memoirs