Authors: Kenneth Sewell
129
The analysis was conducted:
Former U.S. government intelligence analyst, interviewed by author in New York City, November 2001, on condition of anonymity.
130
Areas of inquiry:
Ibid.
131
Since so little hard evidence:
“What Is Analysis?”
132
The U.S. Navy had limited:
Craven,
Silent War,
p. 205.
133
What has not been revealed:
Former U.S. intelligence analyst, interviewed by author.
134
This document, with its additional finding:
Ibid.
135
“The captain [of R/V
Teritu
]
”: Raleigh, correspondence with author.
136
That cover story:
Author’s engineering experience in the field of high-pressure, high-heat containment.
137
That kind of buildup:
Allbeury, “Life Support,” in
Russian Cobra.
138
“The widely touted”:
Golosov, open letter, 2000.
139
The document justifying:
Spurgeon M. Keeny, Jr., “Seventeen-Year Locusts,”
Arms Control Today,
Arms Control Association, Washington, D.C., March 1999: http://www.armscontrol.org/act/1999_03/focmr99.asp
140
The suddenness of:
Dr. John M. Clearwater,
Johnson, McNamara, and the Birth of SALT and the ABM Treaty 1963–69
(Dissertation.com, 1996), p. 145.
141
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks:
Conversation between Soviet Ambassador Dobrynin and Secretary of State Rusk, July 23, 1968 (declassified 2003), National Security File Box 3, Lyndon B. Johnson Library, Austin, Texas.
142
“The Sentinel System”:
Letter to Senator Philip A. Hart from Department of Defense, June 11, 1968.
143
Secretary of Defense:
Keeny, “Seventeen-Year Locusts.”
144
Initial arguments:
Report Prepared by the Strategic Military Panel of the President’s Science Advisory Committee; Washington, D.C., October 29, 1965. National Archives and Records Administration, RG218, JCS Files, 3212 (29 Oct 65) IR 4878.
145
President Johnson, early:
“China as a Nuclear Power,” prepared by the Office of International Security Affairs at the Department of Defense, October 7, 1964.
146
The Pentagon not only:
“Report on the Proposed Army-BTL [Bell Telephone Laboratories] Ballistic Missile Defense System,” Strategic Military Panel, National Security File, Office of Science & Technology, October 29, 1965. Vol. 1, Box 42, Lyndon B. Johnson Library, Austin, Texas.
147
Warrant officer John Walker:
Ed Offley, “Spy net may have doomed
Scorpion
before it set out,”
Seattle-Post Intelligencer,
May 21, 1999.
148
American submariners:
Ibid.
149
Although the Navy:
Ibid.
150
The KGB paid Walker:
Pete Earley, “The John Walker Family Spy Case,” Court TV’s Crime Library: http://www.crimelibrary.com/terrorists_spies/spies/walker/1.html
151
Kalugin, who became:
“Cold War Espionage, Inside the KGB,” CNN Interactive, (accessed March 21, 2002): http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/experience/spies/interviews/kalugin
152
Before assuming:
“Andropov, Yuri Vladimirovich,”
Learning Network Encyclopedia:
http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0803987.html
153
“After years of scorn”:
Oleg Kalugin and Fen Montaigne,
The First Directorate
(New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1994), p. 67.
154
“The notion that cadets”:
Soviet submarine commander, retired in Russia, interviewed by author.
155
“A full list of the crew”:
Former Soviet submarine commanders and admirals interviewed by Paul Neumann.
156
Author Clyde W. Burleson:
Clyde W. Burleson,
The Jennifer Project
(College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2000), pp. 112–13.
157
American intelligence:
Former U.S. government intelligence analyst with knowledge of the CIA’s intense interest in the contents of the recovered diary, interviewed by author in New York City, November 2001, on condition of anonymity.
158
Suspicions about the motives:
Craven,
Silent War,
p. 279.
159
Dr. Craven confirmed:
Ibid., p. 216.
160
An example is a study:
Ansii Kullberg, “Al Qaida is a threat also in Europe,” November 10, 2003,
The Eurasian Politician,
(accessed March 13, 2004): http://www.cc.jyu.fi/˜aphamala/pe/2003/quaideure.htm
161
Andropov, who earlier:
Viktor Suvorov,
The Story Behind the Soviet SAS
(Hamish Hamilton Ltd., 1987) (accessed March 13, 2004): http://www.spetsnaz.com.br/gru.htm
162
In addition to training:
Robert S. Boyd,
“Spetsnaz:
Soviet Innovation in Special Forces,”
Air & Space Power Chronicles,
(accessed November 7, 2003): http://www.airpower. au.af.mil/airchronicles/aureview/1986/nov-dec/boyd.html
163
The KGB “had its own”:
Suvorov,
Story Behind the Soviet SAS.
164
The units were slotted:
Bjorn Hammerback, “KGB Organization of the Committee for State Security,” May 1999, Ulfsbo Farms, Ulfsbo Gård, (accessed November 5, 2003): http://www.ulfsbo.nu/kgb/kgb_7.html
165
In addition to having political:
David Wise “Closing Down the KGB,”
New York Times Magazine,
November 21, 1991, p. 68.
166
The intruders would not:
Allbeury, “Life on Board,” in
Russian Cobra.
167
It is also logical:
David S. Yost,
Soviet Ballistic Missile Defense and the Western Alliance
(Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1998), p. 138.
168
The Central Intelligence Agency:
Former U.S. intelligence analyst, interviewed by author.
169
One former U.S. intelligence analyst:
Ibid.
170
Each of the three-bedroom:
Nick Patton Walsh, “Andropov’s Apartment,”
The Guardian,
January 28, 2003.
171
In the mid-1960s:
History of Oil in Russia, Sibneft Company: http://www.sibneft.com/pages.jsp
172
This double threat:
CIA, “Soviet Strategic Attack Forces” (Top Secret), National Intelligence Estimate No. 11-8-69, September 9, 1969, National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) #NN3-263-95-001, January 31, 1995, p. 7.
173
And China had two:
Weapons of Mass Destruction Around the World, Project 629 Golf, Federation of American Scientists (updated June 10, 1998): http://www.fas.irg/nuke/guide/china/slbm/golf.htm
174
The Americans, therefore:
“Type 031 (Golf Class) Missile Submarine,”
Chinese Defence Today
(accessed April 10, 2003)
:
http://www.sinodefence.com/navy/sub/golf.asp
175
Years earlier, China had:
“Peoples Republic of China Nuclear Weapons Employment Policy,” DIA, p. 4.
176
The best solution:
Elizabeth Wishnick,
Mending Fences: The Evolution of Moscow’s China Policy from Brezhnev to Yeltsin
(Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2001), p. 6.
177
Red China’s rhetoric:
“Peoples Republic of China Nuclear Weapons Employment Policy,” DIA.
178
The Soviet leadership:
Andrei A. Kokoshin,
Soviet Strategic Thought, 1917–91
(Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1998), p. 5.
179
Soviet intelligence agents:
“The KGB’s 1967 Annual Report—Top Secret” as reported to the Central Committee of the CPSU and issued to Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev, May 6, 1968; archived by CNN Interactive, http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/cold.war/episodes/21/documents/kgb.report/
180
It seemed a perfect plan:
Steven P. Adragna,
On Guard for Victory: Military Doctrine and Ballistic Missile Defense in the USSR
(Washington, D.C.: Pergamon-Brassey’s International Defense Publishers, 1987), p. 16.
181
A retired Cold War–era:
Former U.S. government intelligence analyst spoke to the author about the likely leading plotters in the K-129 incident, in New York, November 2001, on condition of anonymity.
182
Suslov was born:
Serge Petroff,
The Red Eminence: A Biography of Mikhail A. Suslov
(Clifton, N.J.: Kingston Press, 1988) p. 1.
183
While his name did not appear:
Former U.S. intelligence analyst, interview.
184
During the troubled:
Perry Anderson, review of
Khrushchev: The Man and His Era,
by William Taubman,
Atlantic Monthly
291, No. 31 (April 2003).
185
Suslov was a brilliant:
Ronald Hingley,
Joseph Stalin: Man & Legend
(New York: Konecky & Konecky, 1974), p. 388.
186
He was the party liaison:
Christopher Andrew and Oleg Gordievsky,
KGB: The Inside Story of Its Foreign Operations from Lenin to Gorbachev
(New York: HarperCollins, 1990), p. 651.
187
Evidence has recently:
Michael Wines, “New Study Supports Idea Stalin Was Poisoned,”
New York Times,
March 5, 2002.
188
Suslov knew:
Adragna,
On Guard for Victory,
p. 18.
189
Suslov had other well-honed:
Petroff,
Red Eminence.
190
But he took his schemes:
Former U.S. intelligence analyst who worked in Soviet section, interviewed by author, New York, November 2001.
191
In 1956, Khrushchev:
Christopher Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin,
The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB
(New York: Basic Books, 1999), p. 201.
192
Later he would use:
Dr. Stephen Kotkin, director of Russian Studies, Princeton University, in correspondence with author, May 20–22, 2003.
193
Suslov was the ringleader:
Roy Medvedev,
All Stalin’s Men: The Six Who Carried Out the Bloody Policies
(Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Press/Doubleday, 1984), p. 65.
194
It was Suslov who headed:
Andrew and Gordievsky,
KGB: Inside Story,
p. 491.
195
American author Harrison:
Harrison E. Salisbury,
The New Emperors: China in the Era of Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1991), pp. 153–54.
196
The incident has been described:
Vladislav M. Zubok, “Deng-Xiaoping and the Sino-Soviet Split 1956–1963,” Cold War International History Project, Woodrow Wilson Center, Washington, D.C.
197
His insider experience:
“Mikhail Andreyevich Suslov,”
Encyclopaedia Britannica,
from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service: http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=72323
198
They had to have access:
Medvedev,
All Stalin’s Men,
p. 163.