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57.
Manchester Cathedral Archives, MS Mancath/2/1/d; BLO MS Ashmole 487, 4 May, 14–16 June 1597.

58.
BL MS Harley 249, fos. 95r–105r.

59.
TNA DL 44/585.

60.
University of Manchester John Rylands Library Clowes Deeds CLD/551.

61.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, June–July 1600.

62.
Extracts from the Court Rolls of the Manor of Wimbledon
(London, 1866), p. 171.

63.
Haigh, ‘Puritan Evangelism’, p. 44; BLO MS Ashmole 487, 22 January 1598.

64.
Barry Coward,
The Stanleys, Lords Stanley and Earls of Derby 1385–1672
(Chetham Society, 3rd ser., 30, Manchester, 1983), p. 206.

65.
Christopher Haigh,
Reformation and Resistance in Tudor Lancashire
(Cambridge, 1975), pp. 299–302.

66.
Lancashire Record Office, MS DDKE/acc.7840 HMC/f.103d; printed in HMC,
Kenyon MSS
.

67.
Josten, ‘Unknown Chapter’, p. 240;
MH
, Theorem XX; Kieckhefer,
Forbidden Rites
, pp. 148, 153.

68.
MP
, sigs. a.iir–a.iiir.

69.
Haigh, ‘Puritan Evangelism’, p. 48.

70.
Ibid., p. 35; BLO MS Ashmole 487, 18 July 1600.

71.
Haigh, ‘Puritan Evangelism’, pp. 37, 40.

72.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, 18 July 1600.

73.
Haigh, ‘Puritan Evangelism’, p. 37.

74.
Ibid., p. 50.

75.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, July and September 1600; Oliver Carter,
An answere … unto certain popish questions and demaundes
(London, 1579), sigs. C4r, D5r; Bayer, ‘Lady Margaret Clifford's Alchemical Receipt Book’, pp. 271–84.

76.
B. Coward, ‘A Crisis of the Aristocracy in the 16th and early 17th Centuries? The Case of the Stanleys, Earls of Derby, 1504–1642’,
Northern History
, xviii (1982), pp. 54–77, at p. 69.

77.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, 1 August 1596.

78.
TNA E 135/134.

79.
Ibid., fos. 19v–20r.

80.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, November 1597.

81.
James Sharpe, ‘Introduction’ in Robert Poole, ed.,
The Lancashire Witches: Histories and Stories
(Manchester, 2002), p. 10; Haigh,
Reformation and Resistance
, pp. 321–2.

Chapter 21: Demonising the Exorcists

1.
John Darrell,
A True Narration of the Strange and Grevous Vexation by the Devil of 7 persons in Lancashire
(1600), p. 2; George More,
A true Discourse concerning the certain possession and dispossession of 7 persons in one familie in Lancashire
([Middelburg], 1600), p. 15.

2.
[John Darrell?],
The Triall of Maist[er] Dorrell, or a collection of defences against allegations
([Middelburg, R. Schilder], 1599), sig. E 6v.

3.
John Darrell,
An Apologie, or defence of the possession of William Sommers …? Cleared from the evill name of counterfeiting
(1599), sigs. D2r–D3v, F2r–F3r.

4.
Triall of Maist[er] Dorrell
, p. 80.

5.
Darrell,
A True Narration
, pp. 6–7.

6.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, 19 March 1597.

7.
Girolamo Menghi,
Flagellum Daemonum. Exorcismos Terribiles, Potentissimus, et Efficaces
, with his
Fustus Daemonum
(Bologna, 1589); Harsnett,
Declaration
, p. 8; BLO MS Ashmole 487, April, August 1597.

8.
John Darrell,
A Detection of that Sinful Shamful Lying and Ridiculous Discours, of Samuel Harshnet
(London, 1600), p. 27.

9.
Triall of Maist[er] Dorrell
, p. 44.

10.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, February, March, 1598.

11.
Darrell,
A breife narration of the possession, dispossession, and repossession of William Sommers
(Amsterdam, 1599), sig. A3r.

12.
Darrell,
An Apologie, or defence of the possession of William Sommers …? Cleared from the evill name of counterfeiting
, fo. 18r.

13.
Darrell,
A Detection of Samuel Harshnet
(London, 1600), pp. 26–9.

14.
TNA SP 12/270/48, John Chamberlain, 1 February 1599.

15.
Samuel Harsnett,
A Discovery of the fraudulent practises of John Darrell
(London, 1599), pp. 2, 22–3; George More,
A True Discourse concerning the certaine possession and dispossession of 7 persons in one familie in Lancashire
(1600), Darrell,
A Detection of Samuel Harshnet
, pp. 26–9, 169.

16.
Darrell,
A True Narration of the Strange and Grevous Vexation by the Devil of 7 persons in Lancashire
.

17.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, July, September, November–December 1600.

18.
John Deacon and John Walker,
Dialogical Discourses of Spirits and Devils
(London, 1601), sig. A8v; Deacon and Walker
A Summarie Answeare
(London, 1601), ‘The Epistle’, sig. C4r; M. MacDonald,
Witchcraft and Hysteria in Elizabethan London
(London, 1991), pp. vii–lxiv.

19.
Stuart Babbage,
Puritanism and Richard Bancroft
(London, 1962), p. 381.

20.
APC
, xxxi, pp. 44–5.

21.
Hatfield House MS CP 91/125;
Calendar of State Papers Domestic, 1603–11
, pp. 41–2.

22.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, February 1597.

23.
Ibid., December 1600; G.J. Piccope, ed.,
Lancashire and Cheshire Wills. The Third Portion
(Chetham Society, o.s. 54, Manchester, 1861), pp. 164–6.

24.
TNA C 82/1676; BLO MS Ashmole 221, fo. 51v; M. MacDonald,
Mystical Bedlam: Madness, Anxiety and Healing in Seventeenth-Century England
(Cambridge, 1981), pp. 17–19; BLO MS Ashmole 487, June, October, December 1597, and January, February 1598.

25.
TNA SP 12/285/48, fo. 119v, John Chamberlain to Dudley Carleton, 4 November 1602; M. MacDonald,
Witchcraft and Hysteria in Elizabethan London
(London, 1991), pp. vii–lxiv.

26.
Robert Parker Sorlien, ed.,
The Diary of John Manningham of the Middle Temple, 1602–1603
(Hanover, NH, 1976), p. 198.

27.
BLO MS Ashmole 1807, fo. 2r–v; R&W, D20, Roberts and Watson,
Catalogue
, p. 157.

28.
Dee,
A Letter, Nine Yeeres since, written and first published
(1604), title page; Dee,
To the Honourable House of Commons
(1604).

29.
HEHL MSS EL 1432, 1433.

30.
Ecclesiae Londino-Bataviae Archivum Tomus Primus
, ed. Hessels, p. 788; BL MS Sloane 3846, fo. 113v.

31.
Journal of the House of Lords: volume 2: 1578–1614
(London, 1802), pp. 294–295;
Journal of the House of Commons: volume 1: 1547–1629
(London, 1802), pp. 149, 206–7, 225–6, 232; I Jac. cap. xii,
At the Parliament begun and holden at Westminster the xix of March
(London, 1604); John Dee,
To the King's Most Excellent Majesty
, (London, 1604).

32.
Dee,
To the King's Most Excellent Majesty
.

33.
Dee,
To the Honorable Assembly of the Commons in the present Parliament
(1604);
Commons Journal
, i, pp. 231–2, 235–6;
Lords Journal
, ii, pp. 316–17.

34.
Dee,
A Letter, Nine yeeres since, first published
(London, 1604).

35.
BLO MS Ashmole 221, fo. 51v; MacDonald,
Mystical Bedlam
, pp. 17–19.

36.
Cheshire and Chester Record Office, Visitation Correction Book, EDV 1/13, fo. 64r.

37.
BLO MS Ashmole 1788, fo. 144r.

38.
The Registers of the Cathedral Church of Manchester: Christenings, Burials and Weddings, 1573–1616
(Cambridge, 1908), pp. 336, 339, 128, 155; MacDonald,
Mystical Bedlam
, pp. 18, 29.

39.
W.E.A. Axon, ed., ‘Documents Relating to the Plague in Manchester in 1605’,
Chetham Miscellanies, New Series Vol. III
(Chetham Society, n.s. 73, Manchester, 1915), pp. 4–5; T.S. Willan, ‘Plague in Perspective: The Case of Manchester in 1605’,
Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire, vol. 132
(Liverpool, 1983), pp. 29–40.

40.
J. Tait, ed.,
Lancashire Quarter Sessions Records. Vol. I: Quarter Sessions Rolls 1590–1606
(Chetham Society, n.s. 77, Manchester 1917), p. 171;
The Court Leet Records of the Manor of Manchester
, ed. Earwaker, ii, p. 210.

41.
Mercers’ Company Records, Acts of Court 1595 to 1629 (C.M. IV, fo. 69r).

42.
Casaubon,
True Relation
, pp. *32–3.

43.
Ibid., pp. *34–5, *41–3.

44.
Ibid., pp. *36–7, 39, 42.

45.
Ibid., pp. *34–5; BLO MS Ashmole 1486, Pt. IV, pp. 2–3; Roberts and Watson,
Catalogue
, p. 60.

46.
Casaubon,
True Relation
, pp. *41–3;
Mortlake Parish Vestry Minute Book, 1578–1652
, ed. J.E. Anderson (Richmond, 1914), pp. 113–14.

47.
Bruce T. Moran,
The Alchemical World of the German Court
(Stuttgart, 1991), pp. 51–62; Casaubon,
True Relation
, pp. *37–8.

48.
Ibid., p. *43.

49.
Ibid., p. *44.

50.
John W. Shirley,
Thomas Harriot
(Oxford, 1983), p. 395.

51.
Mercers’ Company, London, Acts of Court 1595 to 1629 (C.M. IV, fo. 95r.).

52.
BL MS Sloane 8 is a Latin version of ‘Soyga'; Roberts and Watson,
Catalogue
, pp. 61–2, 67.