The Bolivian Diary (38 page)

Muganga.
See DE LA CONCEPCIÓN DE LA PEDRAJA, OCTAVIO (Moro, Morogoro, Muganga, El Médico, or Tavito).

MURILLO, PEDRO DOMINGO.
Bolivian patriot who led the first struggle for independence of a Spanish colony in the Americas in 1809.

Negro.
See CABRERA FLORES, RESTITUTO JOSÉ (El Médico or Negro).

Negro.
See MONJE MOLINA, MARIO (Estanislao, Monje, Mario or Negro).

Ñato.
See MÉNDEZ KORNE, JULIO (Ñato).

Olo.
See PANTOJA TAMAYO, ORLANDO (Antonio or Olo).

ONGANÍA, JUAN CARLOS.
A military man who overthrew President Arturo Illía in a coup d'état in Argentina in 1966.

Orlando.
See ROCABADO TERRAZAS, VICENTE (Orlando).

OTERO, CHICHO.
Owner of one of the homes located in the area in which the guerrilla forces operated.

OVANDO CANDIA, ALFREDO.
In 1967, Ovando was commander-in-chief of the Bolivian Armed Forces and a leader of the 1964 coup. He actively participated in waging the counterinsurgency campaign. He was president of Bolivia 1965-66 and again after he overthrew Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas, in September 1969.

Pablo
or
Pablito.
See HUANCA FLORES, FRANCISCO (Pablo or Pablito).

Pacho.
See FERNÁNDEZ MONTES DE OCA, ALBERTO (Pacho or Pachungo).

Pachungo.
FERNÁNDEZ MONTES DE OCA, ALBERTO (Pacho or Pachungo).

Paco.
See CASTILLO CHÁVEZ, JOSÉ (Paco).

Pan Divino.
See JIMÉNEZ TARDÍO, ANTONIO (Pan Divino or Pedro).

PANIAGUA, BENJAMÍN.
Bolivian peasant farmer.

PANTOJA TAMAYO, ORLANDO (Antonio
or
Olo).
Born in Maffo, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba, in 1933. He fought in the July 26 Movement underground, and subsequently joined the
struggle in the Sierra Maestra. He achieved the rank of captain in the Cuban armed forces. He arrived at the Ñacahuazú farm on December 19, 1966, and was part of the center group. He was killed at Quebrada del Yuro on October 8, 1967.

Papi.
See MARTÍNEZ TAMAYO, JOSÉ MARÍA (Papi, Ricardo, Chinchu, Mbili or Taco).

Paulino.
See BAIGORRIA, PAULINO.

PCB.
Communist Party of Bolivia.

PCC.
Communist Party of Cuba.

PCML.
Communist Party (Marxist-Leninist) of Bolivia.

Pedro.
See JIMÉNEZ TARDÍO, ANTONIO (Pan Divino or Pedro).

Pelado
or
Pelao.
See BUSTOS, CIRO (Mauricio, Pelao, Pelado, or Carlos).

Pepe.
See VELAZCO MONTAÑO, JULIO (Pepe).

PEREDO LEIGUE, GUIDO (Inti).
Born in the city of Cochabamba, Bolivia, on April 30, 1938. He was a member of PCB from a very young age and was distinguished as one of the party's most dedicated and brave cadres. Peredo was first secretary of the PCB regional committee of La Paz and member of the central committee of the party, elected at its second national congress in 1964. Like his brother Coco, he participated in support efforts for the Peruvian guerrilla fighters of the ELN and the organization of the EGP of Argentina. He was one of the most outstanding guerrillas, operating as a political commissar and military officer. After Quebrada del Yuro, he escaped the tenacious military encirclement, and, along with the other survivors was saved by local peasants. With the Cuban Urbano, Inti reached the city of Santa Cruz and
then went by air to Cochabamba, where through his father-in-law, the writer Jesús Lara, he made contact with the PCB, which assisted in the rescue of the three remaining guerrillas. Functioning clandestinely in the city, he reorganized the ELN, but while preparing his return to the mountains, he was killed by the repressive forces in La Paz on September 9, 1969.

PEREDO LEIGUE, ROBERTO (Coco).
Inti's brother, born in Cochabamba, Bolivia, on May 23, 1939. He was one of the four members of the PCB assigned by Mario Monje to work with the Cuban liaisons. He was involved in all the preparations of the guerrilla organization from its beginnings and posed as the owner of the Ñacahuazú farm. He was part of the vanguard detachment and was killed in the September 26, 1967, ambush at Quebrada del Batán, near La Higuera, together with Miguel and Julio. Che wrote in his diary: “The deepest loss is that of Coco, but Miguel and Julio were magnificent fighters and the human value of the three is incalculable.”

Pinares.
See SÁNCHEZ DÍAZ, ANTONIO (Marcos or Pinares).

PLATA RÍOS, HERNÁN.
A major in the Bolivian Army, one of the officers captured by the guerrillas during the March 23, 1967, ambush. Plata gave false testimony in the trial of the captured guerrilla fighters.

Polo.
See AQUINO QUISPE, APOLINAR (Apolinar, Apolinario or Polo).

Pombo.
See VILLEGAS TAMAYO, HARRY (Pombo).

PRA.
Authentic Revolutionary Party, led by Wálter Guevara Arce in Bolivia.

PSB.
Bolivian Social Democratic Party.

Quebrada del Yuro (El Yuro ravine)
Site of Che Guevara's last battle on October 8, 1967.

QUISPAYA CHOQUE, RAÚL (Raúl).
A Bolivian, born in the city of Oruro on December 31, 1939. He was an activist in the JCB and a member of its national committee. In 1965, he became a member of the PCML. Quispaya joined the guerrilla force as part of Moisés Guevara's group and he was part of the vanguard detachment. He was killed in the battle at the Rosita River on July 30, 1967, while attempting to assist Ricardo.

RAMÍREZ, HUMBERTO.
Leader of the Bolivian Communist Party.

Ramón.
See GUEVARA DE LA SERNA, ERNESTO (Che, Mongo, Ramón, or Fernando).

Raúl.
See QUISPAYA CHOQUE, RAÚL (Raúl).

REINAGA GORDILLO, ANICETO (Aniceto).
A Bolivian, born in Colquechaca, north of Potosí, Bolivia, on July 26, 1940. He was an activist in the JCB and a member of its national executive committee until February 1967. He joined the guerrilla forces at the beginning of December 1966 and was part of the vanguard detachment. He was killed in the battle of Quebrada del Yuro on October 8, 1967.

Renán.
See MONTERO, IVÁN (Renán or Iván).

REQUE TERÁN, Colonel LUIS.
Commander of the Fourth Division of the Bolivian Army, headquartered in Camiri from May 1967. He played an active part in the 1967 counterinsurgency campaign, specifically in dismantling the guerrilla force's strategic storage facilities.

REYES RIVERA, SIMÓN (Simón Rodríguez).
Union leader and leader of the Bolivian Communist Party.

REYES RODRÍGUEZ, ELISEO (Rolando,
or
Captain San Luis).
A Cuban, born in the village of San Luis, province of Santiago de Cuba, in 1940. He was one of the youngest combatants in the Sierra Maestra, where he fought under Che's command. He attained the rank of captain. He was a member of the central committee of the Communist Party of Cuba. He arrived at the Ñacahuazú farm in November 1966 and was part of the center group. He was appointed by Che to the post of political commissar. He was killed on April 25, 1967, in the battle of El Mesón, located between the village of Ticucha and the Iquira River. Che wrote in his diary that day, “we have lost the best man among the guerrilla fighters ...”

REYES ZAYAS, ISRAEL (Braulio).
Born in Cuba, in the Sierra Maestra mountains in 1933. He joined the revolutionary struggle in the Sierra Maestra as an illiterate peasant, and attained the rank of lieutenant. He joined Raúl Castro's bodyguard, and became a liaison officer. He was with Che in the Congo, before traveling to Bolivia at the end of November 1966. He was part of the rearguard group, under Joaquín's command. He was the first to be killed in the ambush at Vado del Yeso, on August 31, 1967.

RHEA CLAVIJO, HUMBERTO.
Bolivian doctor, who collaborated with the guerrilla forces.

Ricardo.
See MARTÍNEZ TAMAYO, JOSÉ MARÍA (Papi, Ricardo, Chinchu, Mbili or Taco).

ROBLES, MOISÉS.
Seventeen-year-old Bolivian peasant who served as a guide for the guerrillas.

ROCABADO TERRAZAS, VICENTE (Orlando).
Joined the guerrilla forces in early 1967 with the group led by Moisés
Guevara, but deserted within a few days, before the start of armed actions. There are indications that he might have been a provocateur, because it appears that he worked in the Department of Criminal Investigations (DIC). He was acquitted in the Camiri trial of the captured guerrillas.

Rodolfo.
See SALDAÑA, RODOLFO (Rodolfo).

ROJAS, HONORATO.
A poor peasant, Honorato Rojas lived with his large family on the banks of the Río Grande River. He met the guerrillas during the February 1967 expedition and collaborated with them. At the end of August, Rojas tried to escape, but Major Mario Vargas Salinas forced him to collaborate with the Bolivian Army and betray the guerrillas. He led Joaquín's column directly into the ambush at the Puerto Mauricio (Vado del Yeso), which earned him a place in the Manchego Regiment. Later, he was also given some land. He was shot by an ELN commander on July 14, 1969.

Rolando.
See REYES RODRÍGUEZ, ELISEO (Rolando or Captain San Luis).

ROSALES, TOMÁS.
A Bolivian, who, after being tortured, was sentenced to death by hanging in the Camiri prison.

ROTH, GEORGE ANDREW.
British-Chilean photographer. With a special authorization from the Bolivian Army, Roth was able to move around the war zone and on April 19, 1967, made contact with and was captured by the guerrilla force in the vicinity of Lagunillas. The following day, he left the area, in the company of Debray and Bustos, and was captured by the Bolivian Army. He was freed 80 days later. There is strong speculation that Roth might have been a CIA agent.

Rubio.
See SUÁREZ GAYOL, JESÚS (Félix or Rubio).

SALDAÑA, RODOLFO (Rodolfo).
Born in Sucre, Bolivia, in 1932. A former member of the PCB, he was among the first to receive military training in Cuba and was one of the four initially assigned by Mario Monje to work with the Cuban liaisons. He actively participated in the preparations for military action and met with Che at the Ñacahuazú farm on November 20, 1966. He was initially assigned to urban work, but in his January 26 diary entry, Che wrote that Saldaña would join the guerrilla force in 15 days, but this did not occur. He was captured in 1968 and set free in 1970, in exchange for the German hostages captured by the guerrilla fighters at Teoponte.

Salustio.
See CHOQUE CHOQUE, SALUSTIO (Salustio).

San Luis, Captain.
See REYES RODRÍGUEZ, ELISEO (Rolando or Captain San Luis).

SÁNCHEZ DÍAZ, ANTONIO (Marcos
or
Pinares).
Born in Pinar del Río, Cuba, in 1927. From a rural family, he was a construction worker for many years. He fought in the Sierra Maestra, reaching the rank of major. He occupied top military posts and was a member of the central committee of the Communist Party of Cuba. He arrived at the Ñacahuazú farm on November 20, 1966, and was initially appointed by Che as head of the vanguard detachment. Severely admonished for his errors, he was later transferred to the rear guard, as a rank and file soldier. When Che threatened to expel him from the guerrilla forces, he responded by saying: “I'd rather be shot!” He was killed in an ambush on June 2, 1967, in the Bella Vista region, while fulfilling a mission of delivering supplies for the group headed by Joaquín.

SÁNCHEZ VALDIVIA, RUBÉN.
A Bolivian Army major when he was captured by the guerrilla forces at the ambush
in Iripití. Years later, he admitted to have been the person who provided the press with the ELN's Communiqué No. 1, the only one to be made public. Sánchez had to go into exile, where he established a relationship with left-wing sectors. Subsequently, he rejoined the Bolivian Armed Forces. After leaving active service, Sánchez became a regional leader of the Free Bolivia Movement (MBL) in Cochabamba.

Serafín
or
Serapio.
See AQUINO TUDELA, SERAPIO (Serapio or Serafín).

SILES SALINAS, LUIS ADOLFO.
Vice-president of Bolivia 1966-69 and briefly president in 1969.

SILVA BOGADO, AUGUSTO.
A captain in the Bolivian Army captured during the ambush that occurred on March 23, 1967.

Simón Rodríguez.
See REYES RIVERA, SIMÓN (Simón Rodríguez).

SIMÓN, PAUL.
Peasant farmer met en route to Muyupampa who cooperated with the guerrillas.

STAMPONI CORINALDESI, LUIS FAUSTINO.
Argentine revolutionary and member of the Socialist Party.

SUÁREZ GAYOL, JESÚS (Félix
or
Rubio).
Born in Havana, Cuba, in 1936. He actively participated in the underground struggle and later in the Rebel Army, reaching the rank of captain. He occupied top-ranking positions in the revolutionary government and was a member of the central committee of the PCC. He arrived at the Ñacahuazú farm on December 19, 1966, and was assigned to the rear guard. He died in combat on April 10, 1967, in an action in Iripití, in which the Bolivian Army suffered 11 casualties. He was the first guerrilla fighter to fall in combat in the Bolivian campaign.

TAMAYO NÚÑEZ, LEONARDO (Urbano).
Born in Bayamo, Cuba, in 1941. He fought in the Sierra Maestra, attaining the rank of captain. He arrived at the Ñacahuazú farm at the end of November 1966 and later belonged to the center group. He survived the battle at Quebrada del Yuro, and together with Pombo and Benigno managed to leave Bolivia via Chile in February 1968. He returned to Cuba on March 6, 1968.

Tania.
See BUNKE BIDER, HAYDÉE TAMARA (Tania).

TAPIA ARUNI, EUSEBIO (Eusebio).
An Aymará peasant farmer from Alto Beni in Bolivia and a member of the PCB. He joined the guerrilla struggle on January 21, 1967, together with Wálter and Benjamín. He was discharged from the guerrilla forces on March 25, 1967, together with three others belonging to what was known as the reject group and subsequently deserted.

Tuma.
See COELLO, CARLOS (Tuma or Tumaini).