The Crusades of Cesar Chavez (87 page)

1
   “I said, ‘March!’”
Chavez, Aug. 1, 1975, JEL, Box 29, Folder 572

2
   “like a common language”
Ibid.

3
   “incredibly chaotic”
Tape of NEB, Jun. 13–18, 1975, UFWA

4
   “The sacrifice, they understand”
JEL interview, Aug. 1, 1975

5
   assigned Medina to handle
Jun. 13–18, 1975, NEB

6
   Cathy Murphy’s first impression
http://infocus.gettyimages.com/post/cathy-murphy-how-photographing-cesar-chavez-changed-my-life

7
   “the dignity of the worker”
Press conference, Sep. 14, 1975, JEL, ALRA Tape 11

8
   “our time has come”
Transcript of 1975 UFW Convention, WORK, Box 7, Folder 7

9
   “This one breaks my heart”
Tape of Oct. 10, 1975, NEB, UFWA

10
   “a reign of terror”
Chavez press conference, Sep. 10, 1975, JEL, ALRA Tape 11

11
   “most frustrating in the history”
Tape of Sep. 22, 1975, NEB, UFWA

12
   “just get the Chicano community”
Oct. 10, 1975, NEB

13
   conducted 329 elections
Records of the ALRB

14
   “you win them, or you lose”
Tape of Feb. 15–21, 1976, NEB, UFWA

15
   “It changed everything”
Chavez interview in
Sojourners
, Oct. 1977

16
   “People will sacrifice”
Tape of Jul. 23–24, 1976, NEB, UFWA

17
   “What kind of time schedule”
Sep. 22, 1975, NEB

18
   “a Christmas present”
Gardner to Ross, Dec. 20, 1975, Ross Papers, Box 2, Folder 4

19
   “what made the movement”
Tape of Jun. 13–18, 1975, NEB

20
   192 victories
First Annual Report of the ALRB, ALRB

Chapter 28

Sources: Tapes of NEB meetings, Feb. 16–21, Jun. 13–15, Jul. 24, Sep. 14–15, 1976, and Mar. 14–16, 21, 1977; Medina papers; author interviews with Cohen, Ganz, Hartmire, Medina, and Milne.

1
   “We’re people people”
Tape of Feb. 16–21, 1976, NEB, UFWA

2
   Milne was sold
Milne interview

3
   Chavez told the board
Feb. 16–21, 1976, NEB

4
   “We must be missionary”
Transcript, Jul. 6–8, 1976, ADMIN, Box 29, Folder 21

5
   only fifteen contracts
Feb. 16–21, 1976, NEB

6
   “string around your neck”
Tape of Mar. 14–16, 1977, NEB, UFWA

7
   “delegate more”
Tape of Chavez and staff, n.d., 1976, UFWA

8
   West Foods
Medina notes, Medina papers

9
   “no surprises”
Chavez to Medina, Jul. 21, 1976, Medina papers

10
   he recalled happily
Tape of Sep. 14, 1976, NEB, UFWA

11
   “The first contract”
Ibid.

12
   Harris poll
Long Beach Telegram
, Oct. 20, 1975

13
   “one remarkable leader”
Jack Newfield,
Village Voice
, May 10, 1976

14
   “We’re here to stay”
“After Push, After Shove,”
Chicago Tribune
, May 9, 1976

15
   he wanted to proceed
Medina notes, Medina papers

16
   “all of us grabbed hoses”
Minutes of May 3–4, 1976, debriefing, UFW 1986 Accession Box 55 [Note: The 1986 Accession has been recently combined with the UFW Administration Records; I use the box numbers where I originally found the documents.]

17
   the arguments against
Tape of Jun. 13, 1976, NEB, UFWA

18
   Democratic National Convention
Tape of Jul. 24, 1976, NEB, UFWA

19
   Can we win?
Ibid.

20
   “a real problem”
Transcript, Jul. 27, 1976, UFW 1986 Accession, Box 54

21
   “We’re getting burned”
Tape of Sep. 15, 1976, NEB, UFWA

22
   spearheaded the opposition
Advertisement from NFWM newsletter, Fall 1976, Hartmire papers; Kubo interview, courtesy of Bruce Perry

23
   “don’t be bitter”
“Farmworkers Cheer Chavez,”
Los Angeles Times
, Nov. 4, 1976

24
   Chavez had been fasting
Maddock interview, Paradigm Productions, FMDP

Chapter 29

Sources: Tapes of NEB meetings, Jun. 13–15, Jul. 24, Sep. 14–15, Nov. 18, 24, and Dec. 15–16, 1976, and Mar. 14–16, 21, 1977, and Apr. 4, 1977, community meeting; Hartmire papers; author interviews with Ganz, Hartmire, Jones, Liza Hirsch Medina, Moyer, Gilbert Padilla, and Rodriguez

1
   “live and die in the movement”
Tape of Jones interviewed by Walter Taylor, Jul. 24, 1976, UFWA

2
   Ross observed
Ross discussing the fast, Ross Tapes, FMDP

3
   she ran into Joe Smith
Chronology based on correspondence between Smith, McCarthy, and Hartmire and notes of Hartmire’s interviews about the Smith/Jones purges, Hartmire papers, and tape of Jun. 30–Jul. 2, 1977, NEB, UFWA

4
   “a fantastic idea”
Tape of Feb. 16–21, 1976, NEB, UFWA

5
   “Cesar understands”
Tape of Smith interviewing job candidates, Jul. 1976, UFWA

6
   “a beautiful paper”
Tape of Sep. 14, 1976, NEB, UFWA

7
   “It’s a fucking game”
Tape of Sep. 15, 1976, NEB, UFWA

8
   “shattering phone conversation”
Jones to Hartmire, Oct. 7, 1976, Hartmire papers

9
   “We are deeply concerned”
Joneses to executive board, Nov. 14, 1976, Hartmire papers

10
   “right to fire me”
Smith to Padilla, Nov. 17, 1976, Hartmire papers

11
   “I’ve been fired”
Tape of Nov. 18, 1976, NEB, UFWA

12
   “I work every day”
Tape of conference, La Paz, Dec. 2, 1971, UFWA

13
   “reminiscent of McCarthyism”
Tape of Dec. 1976 NEB, UFWA

14
   “Somebody fingered Nick”
Hartmire to Chavez, Dec. 1, 1976

15
   Chavez offered explanations
Hartmire notes on conversations with Chavez, Hartmire papers

16
   Moyer focused on Chavez
Moyer to Hartmire, Nov. 23, 1976, Hartmire papers

17
   “Following orders is a gift”
Tape of Mar. 14–16, 21, 1977, NEB, UFWA

18
   his brother returned the memo
Richard to Cesar Chavez, Mar. 17, 1977, INFO, Box 5, Folder 36

19
   “we bullshit about democracy”
Tape of Mar. 1977 NEB meeting

20
   the Monday Night Massacre
Tape of Apr. 4, 1977, community meeting, UFWA

21
   “such a fearful night”
Godfrey to NEB members, Apr. 18, 1977, Hartmire papers

22
   “a mini-cultural revolution”
Hartmire to NFWM staff, May 31, 1977, Hartmire papers

23
   “the heart and soul”
Tape of Nov. 18, 1976, NEB

24
   Medina had been right
Tape of Jun. 30–Jul. 2, 1977, NEB, UFWA. In fact, many tapes of Milne’s sessions are at Wayne State.

25
   “a certain degree of paranoia”
Moyer to Hartmire, Nov. 23, 1976, Hartmire papers

Chapter 30

Sources: Tapes of NEB meetings, Feb. 25–27, Mar. 14–16, 21, and Jun. 30–Jul. 2, 1977; tapes of the Game played at La Paz, May and Jul. 1977; Ofshe articles; Synanon Foundation archives; author interviews with Cohen, Ganz, Hartmire, Medina, and Ofshe.

1
   without phones or distractions
Tape of Chavez and staff, Feb. 3, 1977, UFWA

2
   Synanon had grown
Background on Synanon from Richard Ofshe, “The Social Development of the Synanon Cult,”
Sociological Analysis
, 1980; Ofshe and David and Cathy Mitchell,
The Light on Synanon
(Wideview Books, 1982)

3
   “when I sit down”
“Charles Dederich, 83, Synanon Founder,”
New York Times
, Mar. 4, 1997

4
   radically reshaped the organization
Ofshe, “Social Development”

5
   the board assembled at Home Place
Tape of NEB, Feb. 25–27, 1977, UFWA

6
   “the game will help”
Chavez to Dederich, Mar. 14, 1977, Synanon archives, Box 105

7
   donating excess goods
Ofshe, “Social Development,” and Stephen Trott, assistant attorney general, to William Webster, FBI director, Mar. 16, 1984, FBI files on Synanon

8
   “orange crate mentality”
Jady Dederich interview, Sep. 18, 1996, courtesy of Bruce Perry

9
   proposed a joint venture
Board of Directors meeting, Apr. 25, 1977, Synanon archives, Box 255

10
   Dederich made the offer
Ibid.

11
   “He is a genius”
Tape of Mar. 14–16, 21, 1977, NEB, UFWA

12
   “They expect a return”
Hartmire to Chavez, Jun. 2, 1977, Hartmire papers

13
   “a revolutionary concept”
Chavez to staff, Sep. 1977, Hartmire papers

14
   “trained seals”
Ofshe, “Social Development”

15
   hoped to groom
Mar. 14–16, 21, 1977, NEB

16
   “broke down and cried”
Tape of Jun. 30–Jul. 2, 1977, NEB, UFWA

17
   Matt Rand cited
Matt Rand to Chavez, May 6, 1977, Hartmire papers

18
   a waiting list
Presidents report, Jun. 1977, in possession of author

19
   Helen watched a Game
Tape of Jun. 30–Jul. 2, 1977 NEB

20
   “had a good cry”
Ibid.

21
   described an incident
Ibid.

22
   “unthinkable to me”
Ibid.

23
   “it would be chaotic”
Transcript of Organizing Department Conference, Jul. 6–8, 1976, ADMIN, Box 29, Folder 21

24
   “the vanguard of this movement”
Chavez report to UFW convention, Aug. 26, 1977, in possession of author

25
   “You’re the sparks”
Tape of Jun. 30–Jul. 2, 1977, NEB

Chapter 31

Sources: President’s newsletters; tapes of NEB meetings, Mar. 14–16, 21, Jun. 30–Jul. 2, Oct. 23, 1977, and Mar. 23–25, Apr. 3–5, Jun. 15–16, 1978; Hartmire papers; author interviews with Cohen, Ganz, Hartmire, Moyer, and Padilla.

1
   the March 31, 1977,
celebration
President’s newsletter, Mar. 11 and Apr. 15, 1977, in possession of author

2
   “It is, in fact, the day”
Chavez memo to staff, n.d., Hartmire papers

3
   “building communal living”
Jeff Dietrich, “An interview with Cesar Chavez,”
Catholic Agitator
, May 1977

4
   “to have a mecca”
Tape of Mar. 14–16, 21, 1977, NEB, UFWA

5
   Los Menos
Notes from Hartmire, Chavez conversations Jun. 25–Jul. 23, 1976, Hartmire papers

6
   “we can live a little better”
Tape of Mar. 14–16, 21, 1977, NEB

7
   he and Chavez discussed
Hartmire notes from conversations, Hartmire papers

8
   “This is a people’s movement!”
Tape of UFW 1977 convention debrief, n.d., UFWA

9
   “force yourself to be with the people”
Tape of Jul. 24, 1976, NEB, UFWA