Authors: Yuri Pines

Tags: #General, #History, #Ancient, #Political Science, #Asia, #History & Theory, #China

The Everlasting Empire (62 page)

BOOK: The Everlasting Empire

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Emperor Yang of Sui (

, r. 605–617), 149, 204n38

Emperor Yongzheng.
See
Yongzheng Emperor

empire, Chinese,
5–6;
collapse of, 162–164, 170; in comparative perspective, 7–9, 11, 186n14, 186n15; durability of, 1–4, 11, 74, 100–103, 130–131, 135, 159–161; ideological prowess of, 3–4, 17, 19–20, 25, 41, 130, 185n5; magnitude of, 2122, 35, 119, 185n4; and modern nationstate, 9, 165–166, 183; and steppe empires, 37–38.
See also
emperor; foreign policy; intellectuals; stability; unity

-235-

Engels, Friedrich, 202n3

“engrossers” (
jianbing

), 115, 144

“equal feld” system, 62–63, 111–112, 116, 199n17

equality, 9, 141–144, 153, 200n36, 203n20; diplomatic, 34, 39.
See also
egalitarianism; “equal feld” system

erudites (
boshi

), 21, 86, 158

ethnic groups, non-Chinese, 4, 6–7, 11, 24, 32–34, 41, 102; in modern China, 165, 167, 182.
See also
Han, ethnic designation; minorities; nomads

ethnicity, 2, 8, 74

eunuchs, 6, 27,
59, 65
, 77,
99
, 154.
See also
Wei Zhongxian

Europe, 1, 9, 15, 17, 33, 58, 106, 185n4

examinations, imperial, 60, 64,
96
, 120, 148; abolished in 1905, 170, 176; cultural impact of, 91–92, 114, 130, 199200n22; and elite co-optation, 105; in Han, 87, 109; in Ming, 157; and NeoConfucianism, 93; adopted by rebels, 143, 157, 203n25; and social status, 77, 92, 105, 113, 130; in Song, 91–93, 113114, 117; in Tang, 111–112

family: elite, 105, 116, 133; emperor’s, 24, 45, 67, 159, 161; extended, 2, 176; hierarchy in,
59;
values of, endorsed by the state, 121, 126–129, 201n59.
See also
fliality; patriarch

Fan Ying (

fl. 150 CE), 198n53

Fan Zhongyan (

, 989–1052), 76–77, 196n1

fascism, 164

federalism, in Republican China, 166, 205n6, 205n8

Ferghana valley, 35

feudalism, in China, 141, 159, 203n18

fliality, 79, 109, 126–129

Finland, 189n42

First Emperor of Qin (

, r. as King of Qin, 246–221 BCE; as Emperor, 221210 BCE), 19, 22, 24, 33–34, 88, 107, 149, 189n53, 192n25; image of, 192n27, 197n32, legitimacy of, 20–21; reshapes pantheon, 193n39; steles of, 20, 192n24; as a True Monarch, 53–55, 72

Fitzgerald, John, 205n8

Fletcher, Joseph (1934–1984),
69

Forbidden City, 58, 67

foreign policy, of imperial China, 32, 3436, 117.
See also
“peace of relatives”; tribute system

Former Qin dynasty (