The Last Lion Box Set: Winston Spencer Churchill, 1874 - 1965 (505 page)

1
. WM/Sir Ian Jacob, 11/12/80.

2
. John Wheeler-Bennett,
Action This Day: Working with Churchill
(London, 1968), 140; Cv/3, 267, 387; Kay Halle,
Irrepressible Churchill: Stories, Sayings and Impressions of Sir Winston Churchill
(London, 1985), 171.

3
. Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
53–56; PFR/Winston S. Churchill, 5/04 (“summer sunshine”); GILBERT 6, 1214–15 (recollection of Elizabeth Layton).

4
. John Colville,
The Fringes of Power: 10 Downing Street Diaries 1939–1955
(New York, 1985), 406; Lord Moran,
Churchill: Taken from the Diaries of Lord Moran
(Boston, 1966), 451; Halle,
Irrepressible Churchill,
133; Cv/3, 1309, 1471 (Baldwin family); TWY, 307.

5
. Mary Soames,
Clementine Churchill: The Biography of a Marriage
(New York, 2003), 383.

6
. Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
79, 140.

7
. WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80; Colville,
Fringes,
434; WSCHCS, 7912; Winston Churchill,
My Early Life: 1874–1904
(New York, 1996), 112.

8
. Colville,
Fringes,
170–71; Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
93.

9
. Moran,
Diaries,
265.

10
. Anthony Montague Browne,
Long Sunset
(London, 1996), 118; Walter H. Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill
(New York, 1953), 84.

11
. Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill,
84; WM/Sir Robert Boothby, 10/16/80.

12
. WM/G. M. Thompson, 10/24/80; Colville,
Fringes,
217; WSC 6, 752.

13
. WM/G. M. Thompson, 10/24/80.

14
. WM/G. M. Thompson, 10/24/80; Colville,
Fringes,
136, 142–43, 231; E. L. Spears,
Assignment to Catastrophe,
2 vols. (New York, 1955), 1:154; WM/Kathleen Hill, 11/4/80; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

15
. Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
153; Colville,
Fringes,
195–96; WSC 6, 733 (“foreign names were made for Englishmen…”).

16
. Robert E. Sherwood,
Roosevelt and Hopkins: An Intimate History
(New York, 1948), 688.

17
. Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
182–83; WM/Cecily (“Chips”) Gemmell, 7/10/80 (Johnnie Walker Red and daily routine); PFR/Winston S. Churchill, 3/04.

18
. Colville,
Fringes,
417; Sherwood,
Roosevelt and Hopkins,
24; WM/Sir Ian Jacob, 11/12/80.

19
. Colville,
Fringes,
319; Alex Danchev and Daniel Todman, eds.,
Field Marshal Lord Alanbrooke: War Diaries 1939–1945
(Berkeley, 2003), 637.

20
. Martin Gilbert,
Winston Churchill: The Wilderness Years
(New York, 1984), 42–44; WM/Cecily (“Chips”) Gemmell, 7/10/80;
NYT,
5/5/09; Warren Kimball,
Finest Hour,
spring 2007, 31–33.

21
. WM/Oscar Nemon, 1980.

22
. WM/Kathleen Hill, 11/4/80; Colville,
Fringes,
163–65.

23
. WM/Kathleen Hill, 11/4/80; WM/John Martin, 10/23/80; Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill,
179; WM/Cecily (“Chips”) Gemmell, 7/10/80; Moran,
Diaries,
360.

24
. John H. Peck, “The Working Day,”
Atlantic Monthly,
3/65.

25
. F. H. Hinsley et al.,
British Intelligence in the Second World War,
5 vols. (London, 1979).

26
. Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
20, 23.

27
. Colville,
Fringes,
130.

28
. Tom Hickman,
Churchill’s Bodyguard
(London, 2005), 130; Colville,
Fringes,
223.

29
. WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80; WM/John Martin, 10/23/80.

30
. WM/Sir Ian Jacob, 11/12/80; Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
185.

31
. PFR/Lady Mary Soames, letter of 9/3/07; Moran,
Diaries,
100; Colville,
Fringes,
416.

32
. WM/William Deakin, 1980; Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill,
178.

33
. Colville,
Fringes,
416; Halle,
Irrepressible Churchill,
263.

34
. Colville,
Fringes,
481; Moran,
Diaries,
111, 604; WM/Pamela Harriman (“wollygogs”), 8/22/80; Browne,
Long Sunset,
220–21 (Sinatra).

35
. WSCHCS, 6307.

36
. Moran,
Diaries,
604; Winston Churchill,
Thoughts and Adventures
(New York, 1991), 204.

37
. R. V. Jones,
The Wizard War
(New York, 1978), 106.

38
. Halle,
Irrepressible Churchill,
345, 346; Moran,
Diaries,
444.

39
. H. Chartres Biron, ed.,
“Sir,” Said Dr. Johnson
(London, 1911), 112, 213.

40
. Biron,
“Sir,”
216; Colville,
Fringes,
341; W&C-TPL, 111, 213.

41
. WSC 5, 704; Anthony Montague Browne, speech to Churchill Society; Roy Jenkins,
Churchill: A Biography
(London, 2011), 702n; Colville,
Fringes,
239, 578; Moran,
Diaries,
781.

42
. Colville,
Fringes,
482; Richard Langworth, ed.,
Churchill by Himself: The Definitive Collection of Quotations
(London, 2008), 463.

43
. Randolph S. Churchill,
Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 1874–1900
(Boston, 1996), 208.

44
. GILBERT 7, 348; Colville,
Fringes,
526; Danchev and Todman,
War Diaries,
690–91.

45
. WSCHCS, 5818.

46
. WM/Viscount Antony Head, 1980.

47
. H. H. Asquith,
Letters to Venetia Stanley,
edited by Michael Brock and Eleanor Brock (Oxford, 1982), 267; WM/John Martin, 10/23/80.

48
. Violet Bonham Carter,
Winston Churchill: An Intimate Portrait
(New York, 1965), 4; WSCHCS, 6250, 6264.

49
. Sherwood,
Roosevelt and Hopkins,
729; WSC 4, 796–97.

50
. Sherwood,
Roosevelt and Hopkins,
241.

51
. Colville,
Fringes,
158; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80; WM/John Martin, 10/23/80.

52
. Moran,
Diaries,
158; WSC 6, 115; Halle,
Irrepressible Churchill,
257.

53
. WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80; WM/John Martin, 10/23/80; Browne,
Long Sunset,
114.

54
. GILBERT 7, 1322 (“This wicked man…”); WSCHCS, 6277; Langworth,
Churchill by Himself,
137.

55
. WM/William Deakin, 1980; WM/Jane (Portal) Williams, 1980.

56
. WM/William Deakin, 1980; WM/Jane (Portal) Williams, 1980.

57
. WM/Jane (Portal) Williams, 1980; GILBERT 6, 1156; Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill,
183;
Daily Telegraph,
3/18/09.

58
. WM/Jane (Portal) Williams, 1980; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80; Colville,
Fringes,
285.

59
. WM/Cecily (“Chips”) Gemmell, 7/10/80.

60
. Vincent Sheean,
Between the Thunder and the Sun
(New York, 1943), 260; Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
146–47.

61
. WM/John Martin, 10/23/80.

62
. Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
139.

63
. Anthony Storr,
Churchill’s Black Dog, Kafka’s Mice, and Other Phenomena of the Human Mind
(New York, 1973), 5, 27, 49–50.

64
. W&C-TPL, 53; Moran,
Diaries,
179.

65
. Moran,
Diaries,
112; PFR/Dr. Ron Pies (clinical psychiatrist, professor, Tufts University School of Medicine), 2007; PFR/Dr. David Armitage (Col. U.S. Army, ret.), 2007; Dr. Michael First (editor,
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,
4th ed., text rev. [DSM-IV-TR], lead author,
Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR [SCID],
electronic and telephone communications, 3/07, 10/08; Browne,
Long Sunset,
119.

66
. Hastings Lionel Ismay,
The Memoirs of General Lord Ismay
(London, 1960), 155; Colville,
Fringes,
215.

67
. WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80; Colville,
Fringes,
578; Moran,
Diaries,
827; Langworth,
Churchill by Himself,
58.

68
. John Keegan,
The Mask of Command
(New York, 1987), 236–38.

69
. David Rising, “Hitler’s Final Days Described by Bodyguard,” AP, 4/24/05.

70
. Hugh Dalton,
Memoirs 1931–1945: The Fateful Years
(London, 1957), 335–36.

71
. David Dilks, ed.,
The Diaries of Sir Alexander Cadogan, 1938–1945
(New York, 1972), 267.

72
. Mollie Panter-Downes,
London War Notes, 1939–1945
(London, 1972), 62.

73
. Dilks,
Diaries,
267, 272, 283; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

74
. Clare Boothe,
Europe in the Spring
(New York, 1941), 127.

75
. WSC 1, 558–59.

76
. Vincent Sheean,
Thunder,
83.

77
. Général André Beaufre,
Le Drame de 1940
(Paris, 1965).

78
. Charles de Gaulle,
Lettres, Notes et Carnets,
vol. 2:
1942–May 1958
(Paris, 1980), 486.

79
. BBC broadcast, 3/30/40; WSCHCS, 6201.

80
. Colville,
Fringes,
25–26.

81
. William L. Shirer,
Berlin Diary (The Journal of a Foreign Correspondent 1934–1941)
(New York, 1941), 329–30.

82
. Adolf Hitler,
Mein Kampf,
edited by John Chamberlain et al. (New York, 1939), 766.

83
. René de Chambrun,
I Saw France Fall
(New York, 1940), 54–55.

84
. De Chambrun,
France,
54–55.

85
. Alphonse Goutard,
1940: La Guerre des Occasions Perdues
(Paris, 1956), 131; Boothe,
Europe,
1941.

86
. William Bullitt,
Foreign Relations of the United States,
vol. 1:
1945–1950, Emergence of the Intelligence Establishment
(Washington, DC, n.d.), 469.

87
. WSC 1, 454.

88
. F. W. Winterbotham,
The Ultra Secret
(New York, 1974), 50.

89
. GILBERT 6, 305.

90
. Len Deighton,
Blitzkrieg: From the Rise of Hitler to the Fall of Dunkirk
(New York, 1979), 191.

91
. Général Maurice Gustav Gamelin,
Servir,
3 vols. (Paris, 1947), 3:389.

92
. Boothe,
Europe,
241–42.

93
. Adolf Heusinger,
Befehl im Widerstreit: Schicksalsstunden der deutschen Armee 1923–1945
(Tübingen, 1950), 88.

94
. Panter-Downes,
War Notes,
56–57.

95
. Dilks,
Diaries,
277.

1
. GILBERT 6, 313; John Colville,
The Fringes of Power: 10 Downing Street Diaries 1939–1955
(New York, 1985), 121–22.

2
. John W. Wheeler-Bennett,
King George VI: His Life and Reign, 1865–1936
(New York, 1958), 443; GILBERT 6, 307, 317.

3
. WM/Lady Mary Soames, 10/27/80.

4
. W&C-TPL, 412; Ernst Hanfstaengl,
Hitler: The Missing Years
(London, 1957), 193–96.

5
. WM/Lady Mary Soames, 10/27/80; Brian Roberts,
Randolph: A Study of Churchill’s Son
(London, 1984), 181.

6
. Colville,
Fringes,
256.

7
. Lord Moran,
Churchill: Taken from the Diaries of Lord Moran
(Boston, 1966), 5.

8
. Mollie Panter-Downes,
London War Notes, 1939–1945
(London, 1972), 61.

9
. Colville,
Fringes,
736.

10
. WSC 1, 475.

11
. Brian Gardner,
Churchill in Power: As Seen by His Contemporaries
(Boston, 1970), 6; Colville,
Fringes,
121–22; Max Plowman,
Bridge into the Future: Letters of Max Plowman
(London, 1944), 710.

12
. John Wheeler-Bennett,
Action This Day: Working with Churchill
(London, 1968), 48; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

13
. Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
51–53; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80; WM/John Martin, 10/23/80; WSC 2, 17.

14
. Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
161, 195–97; Colville,
Fringes,
289, 436.

15
. Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
193–96; WM/Sir Ian Jacob, 11/12/80.

16
. John Rupert Colville,
Footprints in Time
(London, 1976), 75–76; Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
147; Ian Jacob, “His Finest Hour,”
Atlantic Monthly,
3/65.

17
. WSC 2, 28; GILBERT 6, 325; WM/Sir Ian Jacob, 11/12/80; Virginia Cowles,
Winston Churchill: The Era and the Man
(New York, 1953), 317.

18
. TWY, 85, 99; Hansard 5/13/40 (WSC statement to House).

19
. Arthur Bryant,
The Turn of the Tide: A History of the War Years Based on the Diaries of Field-Marshal Lord Alanbrooke, 1939–1943
(New York, 1957), 21.

20
. WSCHCS, 6232; Henry Pelling,
Winston Churchill
(Conshohocken, PA, 1999), 437; WSC 2, 10–11; Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
49.

21
. Colville,
Fringes,
196.

22
. GILBERT 6, 328–29; WSC 2, 13.

23
. Laurence Thompson,
1940
(New York, 1966), 94.

24
. GILBERT 6, 342; C&R-TCC, 1:38.

25
. Thompson,
1940,
118.

26
. CAB 65/7.

27
. Général C. Gransard,
Le 10e Corps d’armée dans la bataille
(Paris, 1949), 141.

28
. William L. Shirer, The Collapse of the Third Republic (New York, 1969), 664; Charles de Gaulle,
The Complete War Memoirs of Charles de Gaulle
(New York, 1964), 39.

29
. Alistair Horne,
Seven Ages of Paris
(New York, 2002), 381–402.

30
. WSC 2, 42.

31
. Antoine de Saint-Exupéry,
Flight from Arras
(New York, 1942), 116–33
passim.

32
. WSC 2, 43; de Saint-Exupéry,
Flight,
120.

33
. Hastings Lionel Ismay,
The Memoirs of General Lord Ismay
(London, 1960), 127; Horne,
Seven Ages,
381; Vincent Sheean,
Between the Thunder and the Sun
(New York, 1943), 142.

34
. Ismay,
Memoirs,
128.

35
. WSC 2, 47.

36
. Paul Reynaud,
In the Thick of the Fight
(New York, 1940), 323–24.

37
. WSC 2, 42–43; de Saint-Exupéry,
Flight,
120.

38
. Len Deighton,
Fighter
(New York, 1977), 58; Ismay,
Memoirs,
128.

39
. Ismay,
Memoirs,
128–29.

40
. GILBERT 6, 334, 358; Colville,
Fringes,
135.

41
. John Rupert Colville,
Man of Valour: The Life of Field Marshal the Viscount Gort
(London, 1972), 204; Anthony Eden, Earl of Avon,
The Reckoning: The Memoirs of Anthony Eden
(New York, 1965), 106.

42
. WSCHCS, 6222–23.

43
. Jones,
Diary,
460; W. M. James,
The Portsmouth Letters
(London, 1946), 15.

44
. Panter-Downes,
War Notes,
67.

45
. William L. Shirer,
Berlin Diary (The Journal of a Foreign Correspondent 1934–1941)
(New York, 1941), 437–38.

46
. WSC 2, 56; Général Maurice Gustav Gamelin,
Servir,
3 vols. (Paris, 1947), 3:417.

47
. WSCHCS, 6232.

48
. Roderick Macleod, ed.,
Time Unguarded: The Ironside Diaries, 1937–1940
(London, 1974), 327; Premier (Prime Minister) Papers, Public Record Office, Kew, 3/188/3, folio 18; WSC 1, 375.

49
. Ismay,
Memoirs,
131; Colville,
Fringes,
137–38.

50
. WSC 2, 64–65; Macleod,
Time Unguarded,
328.

51
. William L. Shirer,
The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany
(New York, 1960), 728.

52
. Colville,
Fringes,
139; GILBERT 6, 385.

53
. Colville,
Fringes,
139; GILBERT 6, 385; WSC 2, 69–70.

54
. E. L. Spears,
Assignment to Catastrophe,
2 vols. (New York, 1955), 2:120–21.

55
. L. F. Ellis,
The War in France and Flanders 1939–1940
(London, 1953), 368; Macleod,
Time Unguarded,
331–32.

56
. Ellis,
France and Flanders,
208, 389.

57
. Len Deighton,
Blitzkrieg: From the Rise of Hitler to the Fall of Dunkirk
(New York, 1979), 265.

58
. B. H. Liddell Hart,
History of the Second World War
(New York, 1971), 77; David Dilks, ed.,
The Diaries of Sir Alexander Cadogan, 1938–1945
(New York, 1972), 289–90; CAB 65/7; Macleod,
Time Unguarded,
332; WSC 1, 393.

59
. Spears,
Assignment,
2: 202, 236–37; WSC 1, 389; Bryant,
Tide,
90; Macleod,
Time Unguarded,
321.

60
.
Time,
1/23/41, 23; Roger Keyes,
Outrageous Fortune: The Tragedy of King Leopold of the Belgians 1901–1941
(London, 1984), 308–10, 396.

61
. CAB 65/13.

62
. Dilks,
Diaries,
290; ChP 80/11.

63
. Dilks,
Diaries,
291.

64
. WSC 2, 99.

65
. Thompson,
1940,
137–38.

66
.
NYT,
5/30/40; TWY, 91; Thompson,
1940,
133–34, 139.

67
. Ellis,
France and Flanders,
368.

68
. Ellis,
France and Flanders,
162–69; Macleod,
Time Unguarded;
WSC 2, 82; Ismay,
Memoirs,
133.

69
. Bryant,
Tide,
101–2
passim.

70
. Ellis,
France and Flanders,
326.

71
. Ellis,
France and Flanders,
182; Macleod,
Time Unguarded,
340; WSCHCS, 6225.

72
. Macleod,
Time Unguarded,
333ff.; Ismay,
Memoirs,
134.

73
. WSC 2, 100; Hugh Dalton,
Memoirs 1931–1945: The Fateful Years
(London, 1957), 335–36.

74
. WSC 2, 101.

75
. Thompson,
1940,
133–36.

76
. Alex Danchev and Daniel Todman, eds.,
Field Marshal Lord Alanbrooke: War Diaries 1939–1945
(Berkeley, 2003), 72.

77
. WSC 2, 428; War Office papers 106/1708; John Spencer Churchill,
Crowded Canvas
(London, 1961), 162–63; WM/Sir Ian Jacob, 11/12/80; Jacob, “Finest,” 3/65.

78
. Macleod,
Time Unguarded,
354; Harold Macmillan,
The Blast of War: 1939–1945
(New York, 1967), 81.

79
. Panter-Downes,
War Notes,
63–66.

80
. WSCHCS, 6230.

81
. Colville,
Fringes,
147–48;
News Chronicle
6/5/40; TWY, 93; Gardner,
Churchill in Power,
55.

82
. WSCHCS, 6228.

83
. George Bilainkin,
Diary of a Diplomatic Correspondent
(London, 1942), 102.

84
. Chief sources for the last three meetings of the council (Paris, Briare, Tours): Spears,
Assignment;
de Gaulle,
War Memoirs;
Ismay,
Memoirs;
S. Petrie et al.,
The Private Diaries of Paul Baudouin
(London, 1948).

85
. Spears,
Assignment,
1:293–94.

86
. Ismay,
Memoirs,
134.

87
. Spears,
Assignment,
1:295.

88
. Spears,
Assignment,
1:295.

89
. Spears,
Assignment,
1:295; Petrie,
Diaries,
53–54.

90
. Spears,
Assignment,
1:314–15.

91
. Spears,
Assignment,
1:316, 2:113.

92
. Panter-Downes,
War Notes,
68; Colville,
Fringes,
151–53.

93
. Spears,
Assignment,
2:138–39; Ismay,
Memoirs,
139.

94
. Spears,
Assignment,
2:141–44; Eden,
Reckoning,
133. The French minutes of the Briare meeting are given textually in Paul Reynaud,
Au Coeur de la mêlée, 1939–1945
(Paris, 1951), 823–24.

95
. Spears,
Assignment,
2:145–47; Eden,
Reckoning,
115.

96
. Spears,
Assignment,
2:149ff.

97
. Reynaud,
Au Coeur.

98
. Ismay,
Memoirs,
140.

99
. Ismay,
Memoirs,
140–41.

100
. Ismay,
Memoirs,
140–41.

101
.
Les Événements survenus en France de 1933 à 1945,
2:343; Horne,
Seven Ages,
546n; Shirer,
Collapse,
618;
Histoire de l’Aviation Militaire Française
(Paris, 1980), 379–80; Deighton,
Blitzkrieg,
269–70.

102
. WSC 2, 156–57; Ismay,
Memoirs,
142–43.

103
. Spears,
Assignment,
2:163.

104
. Ismay,
Memoirs,
141.

105
. WSC 2, 158; Walter H. Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill
(New York, 1953), 194.

106
. CAB 99/3; Colville,
Fringes,
152–54.

107
. Earl of Birkenhead,
Life of Lord Halifax
(London, 1965), 459; Dilks,
Diaries,
297; Ismay,
Memoirs,
143–44.

108
. Eleanor M. Gates,
End of the Affair: The Collapse of the Anglo-French Alliance, 1939–40
(Berkeley, 1981), 250; Gordon Wright, “Ambassador Bullitt and the Fall of France,”
World Politics
10, no. 1, 87.

109
. Horne,
Seven Ages,
573.

110
. Spears,
Assignment,
2:210–13.

111
. James Leasor,
War at the Top
(London, 1959), 91; Colville,
Fringes,
152.

112
. Spears,
Assignment,
2:218–20.

113
. Colville,
Fringes,
155; C&R-TCC, 1:48.

114
. Spears,
Assignment,
2:292–93; WM/Kathleen Hill, 11/4/80; Colville,
Fringes,
161.

115
. Spears,
Assignment,
2:292–93; WM/Kathleen Hill, 11/4/80; Colville,
Fringes,
161.

116
. L. B. Namier,
Europe in Decay
(London, 1950), 93; Spears,
Assignment,
2:304, 310–11.

117
. Spears,
Assignment,
2:319–23; WSC 2, 218.

118
. J. A. Cross,
Sir Samuel Hoare: A Political Biography
(London, 1977), 339–40.

119
. Michael Bloch,
The Duke of Windsor’s War: From Europe to the Bahamas, 1939–1945
(New York, 1983).

120
. Colville,
Fringes,
184.

121
. ChP 20/9; C&R-TCC, 1:53.

122
. ChP 20/49; WSC 1, 1091.

123
. Colville,
Fringes,
166.

124
. Panter-Downes,
War Notes,
72.

125
. De Gaulle,
War Memoirs,
76.

126
. WSC 2, 230; Eden,
Reckoning,
155.

127
. William Bullitt,
Foreign Relations of the United States,
vol. 2:
The Intelligence Community 1950–1955
(Washington, DC, n.d.), 465–66.

128
. WSCHCS, 6241.

129
. WSC 2, 231.

130
. Colville,
Fringes,
171–72; WSC 2, 233; Warren Tute,
The Deadly Stroke,
introduction by John Colville (New York, 1973), 21–28.

131
. Tute,
Deadly Stroke,
73–87.

132
. Tute,
Deadly Stroke,
112–14; WSC 2, 234.

133
. For a thorough discussion of the British attack on the French fleet at Mers-el-Kébir, see chap. 5 of Arthur Marder’s
From the Dardanelles to Oran
(London, 1974).