The Last Lion Box Set: Winston Spencer Churchill, 1874 - 1965 (507 page)

278
. Colville,
Fringes,
240–41; Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill
, 206.

279
. WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

280
. WM/Lady Mary Soames, 10/27/80; Soames,
Clementine,
384–86.

281
. WSC 2, 375.

282
. Thompson,
1940,
213.

283
. Thompson,
1940,
222.

284
. Mosley,
Battle of Britain,
36–37.

285
. WM/Viscount Antony Head, 8/6/80.

286
.
Time,
10/3/43;
Time,
2/1/43; Mark Mayo Boatner,
The Biographical Dictionary of World War II
(New York, 1999), 8. See also
Modern Law Review
5, no. 3/4 (July 1942):162–73; Tim Pat Coogan,
The IRA
(London, 1971), 58.

287
.
Time,
9/23/40; Cv/2, 440, 446, 764; Colville,
Fringes,
173; WSC 5, 680.

288
. TWY, 114.

289
. Mosley,
Battle of Britain,
139.

290
. TWY, 115–16.

291
. WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80; Colville,
Fringes,
245.

292
. Colville,
Fringes,
249.

293
.
Oxford Companion to World War II,
edited by I. C. B. Dear (Oxford, 1995), 179, 331.

294
. Martin Gilbert,
The Second World War: A Complete History
(London, 1989), 132.

295
. TWY, 121.

296
. CAB 120/300.

297
. Shirer,
Rise and Fall,
778; Gilbert,
Second World War,
128.

298
. WSC 2, 584, 586.

299
. WSC 2, 581.

300
. Colville,
Fringes,
214.

301
. Panter-Downes,
War Notes,
110; Klingaman,
1941,
9.

302
. Thompson,
1940,
220; Sheean,
Thunder,
224–25.

303
. Sheean,
Thunder,
224–25; Panter-Downes, War Notes, 137.

304
. WSCHCS, 6287.

305
. Winston Churchill,
My Early Life: 1874–1904
(New York, 1996), 62.

306
. GILBERT 6, 808–10.

307
. Joseph P. Kennedy,
Boston Globe
interview, 11/10/40; Victor Lasky,
JFK: The Man and the Myth
(New York, 1963), 58.

308
. Colville,
Fringes,
262, 275.

309
. GILBERT 6, 816; C&R-TCC, 1:74.

310
. WSCHCS, 6297.

311
. WSCHCS, 6297.

312
. WSCHCS, 6298; Conrad Black,
Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Champion of Freedom
(Washington, DC, 2003), 595.

313
. Cv/2, 979, 985; Colville,
Fringes,
272.

314
. WM/Pamela Harriman, 8/22/80.

315
. PFR/Lady Mary Soames, 6/07; WM/Pamela Harriman, 8/22/80.

316
. Colville,
Fringes,
216, 219, 248; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

317
. Colville,
Fringes,
265; Thompson,
1940;
WM/Pamela Harriman, 8/22/80.

318
. Soames,
Clementine,
387.

319
. Soames,
Clementine,
387; GILBERT 6, 793; Sarah Churchill,
A Thread in the Tapestry
(London, 1967), 56–57;
Time,
9/30/40.

320
. Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill,
129; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

321
. WM/Lord Geoffrey Lloyd, 11/27/80.

322
. WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

323
. Mosley,
Battle of Britain,
121.

324
. WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80; Wheeler-Bennett,
Action,
118.

325
. Churchill,
Early Life
(“being shot at without result”).

326
. Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill,
211.

327
. Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill,
210–11.

328
. Colville,
Fringes,
278; Dean Acheson,
Sketches from Life of Men I Have Known
(New York, 1959), 3, 17.

329
. Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill,
211.

330
. Cv/2, 907–8.

331
. Cv/2, 907–8.

332
. Moran,
Diaries,
9.

333
. TWY, 127.

334
. Randolph S. Churchill,
Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 1874–1900
(Boston, 1996), 400, 410; Colville,
Fringes,
273.

335
. Colville,
Fringes,
291; Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill,
170–75.

336
. WM/John Colville, 10/14/80; Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill,
174.

337
. Soames,
Clementine,
386; Danchev and Todman,
War Diaries,
123; Cv/2, 1069.

338
. Colville,
Fringes,
319; Moran,
Diaries,
336; WM/Lord Soames (Pol Roger), 1980.

339
. Colville,
Fringes,
319; Shirer,
Berlin Diary,
468.

340
. PFR/Winston S. Churchill, 3/04.

341
. Colville,
Fringes,
267; Sheppard,
London,
336; WSC 2, 370–72; Gilbert,
Second World War,
132.

342
. Ziegler,
London at War,
119–20.

343
. WSC 2, 360–61.

344
. WSC 2, 360–61.

345
. WM/Cecily (“Chips”) Gemmell, 7/10/80; Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill,
183; Colville,
Fringes,
243; WM/John Colville, 10/14/80.

346
. Ismay,
Memoirs,
188–89.

347
. Colville,
Fringes,
262, 275; GILBERT 6, 862; ChP 20/13.

348
. Colville,
Fringes,
264, 280–81.

349
. GILBERT 6, 835.

350
. Soames,
Clementine,
394; Colville,
Fringes,
259; GILBERT 6, 837.

351
. WCS 2, 299, 355; GILBERT 6, 886.

352
. Thompson,
1940,
221–24; Ziegler,
London at War,
240.

353
. C&R-TCC, 1:81.

354
. John Keegan,
The Second World War
(London, 1989), 144–46.

355
. GILBERT 6, 874–75, 877; Keegan,
Second World War,
144–46; Cv/2, 1016.

356
. Richard Collier,
Duce!
(New York, 1971), 179–80.

357
. Colville,
Fringes,
276; Keegan,
Second World War,
145.

358
. Collier,
War in the Desert;
GILBERT 6, 883–85.

359
. Colville,
Fringes,
283–84.

360
. ChP 20/13.

361
. Colville,
Fringes,
224.

362
. Cv/2, 1001.

363
. GILBERT 6, 885, 905; WSC 2, 536–43; Eden,
Reckoning,
195.

364
. Collier,
War in the Desert,
21–22; WSC 2, 543.

365
. Gilbert,
Second World War,
137.

366
. Cv/2, 1022–23.

367
. C&R-TCC, 1:81.

368
. Cv/2, 1147.

369
. Panter-Downes,
War Notes,
116 (
“Eyetalian fleet…”
).

370
. Panter-Downes,
War Notes,
114; Cv/2, 1089 (“sugar for the birds”); WSCHCC, 6309.

371
. Ronald Kessler,
The Sins of the Father
(New York, 1996), 230.

372
. WSCHCS, 6307.

373
. Colville,
Fringes,
294–95.

374
. Colville,
Fringes,
292.

375
. WM/John Martin, 10/23/80.

376
. Cv/2, 1096; WM/John Martin, 10/23/80.

377
. WSC 2, 383–85.

378
. TWY, 139; Panter-Downes,
War Notes,
117.

379
. Panter-Downes,
War Notes,
117.

380
. WSC 2, 384–85; Winston Churchill,
Thoughts and Adventures
(New York, 1991), 198–99.

381
. WM/John Martin, 10/23/80; Colville,
Fringes,
295; John Colville,
The Churchillians
(London, 1981), 635.

382
. Thompson,
1940,
227.

383
. Public Record Office documents AIR2/5238 and AIR20/2419 indicate that Churchill and the War Cabinet did not know which city would be the target on November 15.

384
. Colville,
Fringes,
297.

385
. Cv/2, 1186, 1217–18; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

386
. Cv/3, 1163.

387
. Soames,
Clementine,
395.

388
. Colville,
Fringes,
167; TWY, 96–97.

389
. WSC 2, 576; GILBERT 6, 939.

390
. David Miller,
U-Boats
(New York, 2000), 126; C&R-TCC, 1:112; Premier (Prime Minister) Papers, Public Record Office, Kew, 3/462/2; Cv/2, 1233.

391
. Roger Chesneau,
Conway’s All the World’s Fighting Ships, 1922–1946
(London, 1980) (HMS
Lewes
).

392
. Cv/2, 780, 844–45.

393
. Cv/2, 1246.

394
. Shirer,
Rise and Fall,
810–11; WCSHCS, 6269.

395
. WSC 2, 556–58; C&R-TCC, 1:102–9.

396
. WSC 2, 558.

397
. C&R-TCC, 1:107–8.

398
. C&R-TCC, 1:107–8; WM/Malcolm MacDonald, 1980.

399
. C&R-TCC, 1:107–8.

400
. WSC 2, 567–69.

401
. GILBERT 6, 694.

402
. Colville,
Fringes,
309, 321; WSC 2, 570.

403
. Colville,
Fringes,
314.

404
. C&R-TCC, 1:86.

405
. WSC 2, 530.

406
. WSC 3, 568–69.

407
. Winston S. Churchill,
Step by Step, 1936–1939
(New York, 1959), 137.

408
. WSC 2, 497, 523; Dilks,
Diaries,
329.

409
. C&R-TCC, 1:74.

410
.
Time Capsule 1940: A History of the Year Condensed from the Pages of Time,
edited by Henry R. Luce (New York, 1968).

411
.
Time Capsule 1940.

412
. C&R-TCC, 1:65–66; Churchill,
Early Life,
33 (from Manchester,
The Last Lion,
vol. 1, and Cowles,
Churchill).

413
. Celia Sandys,
Chasing Churchill
(New York, 2005), 138; Shirer,
Rise and Fall,
782–83.

414
. Collier,
War in the Desert,
26–33.

415
. Collier,
War in the Desert,
27–28; Colville,
Fringes,
308–9.

416
. Collier,
War in the Desert,
29.

417
. GILBERT 6, 935; Colville,
Fringes,
309; Mark Mayo Boatner,
The Biographical Dictionary of World War II
(New York, 1999), 602.

418
. GILBERT 6, 935; Collier,
War in the Desert,
29.

419
. Cv/2, 1204.

420
. Mosley,
Battle of Britain,
149.

421
. Leonard Mosley,
Marshall: Hero for Our Times
(New York, 1982), 150–51.

422
.
NYT,
12/30/41; TWY, 132; Klingaman,
1941,
16.

423
. FDR broadcast, 12/29/40, Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum.

424
. FDR broadcast, 12/29/40, Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum; Colville,
Fringes,
321; C&R-TCC, 1:122–23.

425
. WSC 2, 628–29.

1
. C&R-TCC, 1:120; John Colville,
The Fringes of Power: 10 Downing Street Diaries 1939–1955
(New York, 1985), 326–27.

2
. WSC 3, 540; Noel Annan, “How Wrong Was Churchill?”
New York Review of Books,
4/8/93.

3
. William K. Klingaman,
1941: Our Lives in a World on the Edge
(New York, 1989), 24, 92–93; ChP 20/36; ChP 20/21.

4
. Klingaman,
1941,
24–25; ChP 20/36; ChP 20/21.

5
. Colville,
Fringes,
145.

6
. C&R-TCC, 1:121–22; Colville,
Fringes,
327.

7
. John Colville,
The Churchillians
(London, 1981), 162; Colville,
Fringes,
653; Anthony Eden, Earl of Avon,
The Reckoning: The Memoirs of Anthony Eden
(New York, 1965), 168, 215.

8
. Lewis Broad,
Anthony Eden, The Chronicle of a Career
(New York, 1955), 4–8; Eden,
The Reckoning,
435; W&C-TPL, 408.

9
. Martin Gilbert,
Churchill’s War Leadership
(New York, 2004), 72; Mark Mayo Boatner,
The Biographical Dictionary of World War II
(New York, 1999), 18–19, 372–73; Colville,
Churchillians,
156–57.

10
. ChP 2/416; Colville,
Fringes,
326; Boatner,
Biographical Dictionary,
380.

11
. Klingaman,
1941,
90–91.

12
. Klingaman,
1941,
92; WM/Malcolm Muggeridge, 11/25/80.

13
. Dwight D. Eisenhower,
Crusade in Europe
(New York, 1948), 9; Carlos D’Este,
Patton: A Genius for War
(New York, 1995), 390–91.

14
. Klingaman,
1941,
43.

15
. Charles de Gaulle,
The Complete War Memoirs of Charles de Gaulle
(New York, 1964), 84.

16
. Klingaman,
1941,
44.

17
. Klingaman,
1941,
48; Brian Gardner,
Churchill in Power: As Seen by His Contemporaries
(Boston, 1970), 96; Charles Eade, ed.,
Churchill by His Contemporaries
(New York, 1954), 140; William L. Shirer,
Berlin Diary (The Journal of a Foreign Correspondent 1934–1941)
(New York, 1941), 481.

18
. George F. Kennan,
Memoirs: 1925–1950
(New York, 1967), 130; Klingaman,
1941,
18; Shirer,
Berlin Diary,
448–49, 459.

19
. C&R-TCC, 1:147; CAB 65/18 (to Halifax).

20
. Mollie Panter-Downes,
London War Notes, 1939–1945
(London, 1972), 122–23, 139–40; Klingaman,
1941,
14.

21
. Klingaman,
1941,
89–90.

22
. Klingaman,
1941,
89–90.

23
. Klingaman,
1941,
90; GILBERT 6, 895; ChP 20/36.

24
. TWY, 136–37.

25
. Leonard Mosley,
Battle of Britain
(New York, 1980), 136–37.

26
. TWY, 136–37; ChP 20/36.

27
. WSC 3, 4.

28
. William L. Shirer,
The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany
(New York, 1960), 813, 816.

29
. WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80; Cv/3, 39, 973.

30
. Colville,
Fringes,
419.

31
. Cv/3, 43.

32
. Cv/3, 44; Eden,
The Reckoning,
270–72.

33
. Kennan,
Memoirs;
Cv/3, 44.

34
. Cv/3, 165.

35
. Cv/3, 430; Colville,
Fringes,
209 (Operation Razzle); Cv/3, 430.

36
. Cv/3, 173.

37
. Cv/3, 165.

38
. Margery Allingham,
The Oaken Heart
(London, 1991), 169–89.

39
. ChP 20/36; WM/Lord Butler, 1980; WM/Viscount Antony Head, 1980.

40
. Eden,
The Reckoning,
203–4.

41
. C&R-TCC, 1:115.

42
. Robert E. Sherwood,
Roosevelt and Hopkins: An Intimate History
(New York, 1948), l, 14, 15, 234.

43
. Arthur Conan Doyle,
The Great Boer War
(Charlestown, SC, 2006); Colville,
Fringes,
330; Cv/3, 29.

44
. Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum, 1/6/41.

45
. H. L. Mencken,
The American Language, Supplement Two
(New York, 1962), 784–85 (derivation of “Jeep”).

46
. WSCHCS, 6328.

47
. WSCHCS, 6328;
Times,
1/10/41; David Dilks, ed.,
The Diaries of Sir Alexander Cadogan, 1938–1945
(New York, 1972), 342; Cv/2, 1268.

48
. Colville,
Fringes,
332.

49
. John Rupert Colville,
Footprints in Time
(London, 1976), 153.

50
. James Conant,
My Several Lives: Memoirs of a Social Inventor
(Boston, 1970), 229–31.

51
. Conant,
My Several Lives,
231.

52
. WM/Sir Robert Boothby, 10/16/80 (“cool and
yella
”).

53
. TWY, 114; WSCHCS, 6529.

54
. TWY, 136–37; Mosley,
Battle of Britain;
Cv/3, 825; Cv/2, 1314.

55
. WSCHCC, 6451.

56
. Shirer,
Rise and Fall,
779; Cv/2, 1243.

57
. Eade,
Churchill,
141.

58
. Colville,
Fringes,
305.

59
. Walter H. Thompson,
Assignment: Churchill
(New York, 1953), 220; WSC 3, 5; Colville,
Fringes,
341.

60
. WSC 3, 38.

61
. Panter-Downes,
War Notes,
134.

62
. Klingaman,
1941,
88.

63
. Klingaman,
1941,
127;
Time,
3/14/41, 25; WSC 3, 112, 122.

64
. Colville,
Fringes,
358.

65
. Roger Chesneau,
Conway’s All the World’s Fighting Ships, 1922–1946
(London, 1980), 244; WSC 3, 122.

66
. Laurence Thompson,
1940
(New York, 1966), 234–35; Ian Kershaw,
Hitler: 1936–1945 Nemesis
(New York, 2000), 334; WSC 3, 12–13.

67
. Shirer,
Rise and Fall,
806; Kershaw,
Hitler,
342–44; Adolf Hitler,
Mein Kampf,
edited by John Chamberlain et al. (New York, 1939), 959–61.

68
. Shirer,
Berlin Diary,
459–65.

69
. Colville,
Fringes,
148–49.

70
. Ben Pimlott,
Hugh Dalton
(London, 1985), 296.

71
. Colville,
Fringes,
196; Hugh Dalton,
Memoirs 1931–1945: The Fateful Years
(London, 1957), 365–67.

72
. Pimlott,
Hugh Dalton,
301.

73
. Pimlott,
Hugh Dalton,
312.

74
. Martin Gilbert,
The Second World War: A Complete History
(London, 1989), 161.

75
. Klingaman,
1941,
47;
NYT,
7/21/41.

76
. Colville,
Fringes,
441.

77
. Duff Cooper,
Old Men Forget
(London, 1954), 270–71.

78
. WM/A. J. P. Taylor, 1980.

79
. Gardner,
Churchill in Power,
108;
Time,
1/6/41.

80
. Colville,
Fringes,
331–33.

81
. WM/Pamela Harriman, 8/22/80; WM/Averell Harriman, 8/22/80; Sherwood,
Roosevelt and Hopkins,
203.

82
. Robert E. Sherwood,
The White House Papers of Harry L. Hopkins: An Intimate History
(London, 1948).

83
. Sherwood,
White House Papers.

84
. Colville,
Fringes,
334–35; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

85
. Colville,
Fringes,
334–35; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

86
. Colville,
Fringes,
334–35; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

87
. Colville,
Fringes,
334–35; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

88
. Colville,
Fringes,
334–35; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

89
. GILBERT 6, 986; WSCHCS, 7235.

90
. Colville,
Fringes,
333–34.

91
. GILBERT 6, 986–87 (Lyttelton recollection).

92
. Colville,
Fringes,
331–34.

93
. Colville,
Fringes,
334–35; GILBERT 6, 987.

94
. GILBERT 6, 988–89; Sherwood,
White House Papers,
1:239–40.

95
. GILBERT 6, 988–89; Sherwood,
White House Papers,
1:239–40.

96
. GILBERT 5, 990; Lord Moran,
Churchill: Taken from the Diaries of Lord Moran
(Boston, 1966), 6–7; WSCHCS, 6329.

97
. Moran,
Diaries,
6–7.

98
. WSC 3, 5.

99
. Richard Collier,
The War in the Desert
(New York, 1980), 26–33; John Keegan,
The Second World War
(London, 1989); ChP 20/14.

100
. ChP 20/49 (cable to Wavell); Colville,
Fringes,
329.

101
. WSC to Wavell, 1/11/41, ChP 20/49.

102
. William Manchester,
The Last Lion
(Boston, 1983), 1:522.

103
. GILBERT 6, 988–89.

104
. Collier,
War in the Desert,
30–33.

105
. WSCHCS, 6346.

106
. Keegan,
Second World War,
328; Collier,
War in the Desert,
32–33.

107
. Hastings Lionel Ismay,
The Memoirs of General Lord Ismay
(London, 1960), 190; Keegan,
Second World War,
328; Collier,
War in the Desert,
33.

108
. Keegan,
Second World War,
147–48, 328.

109
. Ismay,
Memoirs,
195.

110
. B. H. Liddell Hart,
History of the Second World War
(New York, 1971), 118.

111
. WSC 3, 757; Ismay,
Memoirs,
270.

112
. Boatner,
Biographical Dictionary,
513–14.

113
. Keegan,
Second World War,
322–24.

114
. Keegan,
Second World War,
322–24.

115
. Keegan,
Second World War,
323.

116
. WSC 3, 26–27;
Time,
10/16/44.

117
. TWY, 198; Conant,
My Several Lives,
231.

118
. Colville,
Fringes,
773; Sarah Churchill,
Keep On Dancing
(London, 1981), 96.

119
. Colville,
Footprints,
153–55; WM/Averell Harriman and Pamela Harriman, 8/22/80; GILBERT 6, 1019.

120
. Sherwood,
Roosevelt and Hopkins,
157.

121
. WSCHCS, 6347; F. W. Winterbotham,
The Ultra Secret
(New York, 1974), 99–100.

122
. WSCHCS, 6346–51.

123
. Dilks,
Diaries,
353.

124
. WSCHCS, 6346.

125
. WSCHCS, 6346.

126
. Cv/3, 395–97.

127
. ChP 69/2; ChP 20/49.

128
. Conant,
My Several Lives,
254.

129
. ChP 20/13.

130
. Scott Berg,
Lindbergh
(New York, 1999), 414–15.

131
. Gardner,
Churchill in Power,
108.

132
. Conant,
My Several Lives,
232.

133
. Steel,
Walter Lippmann,
389.

134
. Eric Sevareid,
Not So Wild a Dream,
177, 193.

135
. Cv/3, 321.

136
. Colville,
Fringes,
350; PFR/Alexander Balas (Iron Guard), 12/08.

137
.
Time,
2/3/41.

138
. Colville,
Fringes,
312–13, 403.

139
. Cv/3, 204; TWY, 144–45, 186–87.

140
. WM/John Martin, 10/23/80.

141
.
Time,
6/9/41 (Eden address on war aims), 26; Colville,
Fringes,
329.

142
. Colville,
Fringes,
329; ChP 20/36; ChP 20/30.

143
. Cv/3, 974.

144
. Cv/3, 974.

145
. Cv/3, 977.

146
. Cv/3, 320–21.

147
. Cv/3, 320–21.

148
. Conant,
My Several Lives,
276.

149
. Conant,
My Several Lives,
274, 277–78.

150
. Conant,
My Several Lives,
274, 277–78.

151
. Colville,
Fringes,
736.

152
. Cv/3, 320–21.

153
. WSCHCS, 6386.

154
. Cv/3, 302.

155
. WM/Viscount Antony Head, 1980; Colville,
Churchillians,
136.

156
. C&R-TCC, 1:145; Klingaman,
1941,
127–30.

157
. WM/George Thomson, 1980.

158
. Klingaman,
1941,
98–99; WM/Jock Colville, 10/14/80.

159
. WM/Pamela Harriman, 8/22/80; TWY, 189.

160
. TWY, 140–41.

161
.
Time,
1/20/41.

162
. Conant,
My Several Lives,
254–55.

163
. Conant,
My Several Lives,
254–55; Keegan,
Second World War,
538.