Read The Lays of Beleriand Online
Authors: J. R. R. Tolkien
The Lays of Beleriand (56 page)
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freshets small streams of fresh water, H 1597; L 1934.
frith wood, woodland, H 1795; p. 132; L 896, 2264, ii. 124.
frore frosty, H ii. 594; very cold, L 578, 1718.
garth enclosed ground beside a house, garden, yard, H 149, ii. 313.
ghyll deep rocky ravine, H 1498.
glaive lance, or sword, H 322, 1210, ii.680.
glamoury magic, enchantment, pp. 122 - 3;L 2073.
gloam twilight, p. 146.
grasses plants, herbs, L 3122.
guerdon recompense, H 658; L 222, 1064, 4139.
haggard (of clothes) ragged, disordered, H 466; (of hills) wild, H 2120, L 3167; modern meaning H 1890, L 3720 (in transferred sense, haggard hunger, haggard care H I437, L 564) haled drew, pulled out, H ii. 551.
hap fortune, lot, condition, H 340.
hest command, H 86, 689.
hie hasten, H 838.
hight called, named, H 366, 863.
hold fastness, stronghold, L 52, 1702, 2457; p. 134 (or perhaps
'grasp'); refuge, L 210.
holt wood, copse, L 2342.
inane empty, void, L 3533.
keep central part of the stronghold, L 1677.
lambent of flame, playing on a surface without burning, H 1217.
lapped hemmed in, H 690; enfolded, H 709.
lea grassland, H 35, 1797, ii. 66.
leasows meadows, H 1797.
leeches physicians, L 3055, 3144.
let hinder, L 2019.
levin lightning, H 1681.
lief willing, L 3417; lievet better, more delightful, H 78.
like please, H go, 286, 598, 1376, ii. 226, 626 (but 'like' H 616) lind linden, lime-tree, p. 120.
loath hateful to, L 3419; unwilling, L 3417.
lode path, road, H 798.
louted bent, bowed, H 1520.
march borderland, H ii. 493; L 3672.
marge margin, H 1555.
mavis song-thrush, L ii. 74.
meed reward, requital, H 81, 268, 701, 793, ii. I95, 231, 604.
meet fitting, H 487.
mete deal out (used in the construction I shall mete thee a meed, his meed was meted) H Sr, 532, 7O1 1092, ii. 195.
mews seagulls, p. 129; seamew H 1551.
neb beak, bill, L 255, 570, ii. 381, 409.
nesh soft, tender, L 4220.
opes opens, L 3740; oped H 550.
or ever before ever, L 1821.
or... or either... or, H 439 - 40 L 54, 2886; p. 359
outer utter, uttermost (?), L 2079.
palfrey small saddle-horse, L 3379.
parlous perilous, dangerous, L ii. 456.
pled old past tense of plead, L 2983.
pleniluae full moon, p. 354.
prate chatter, talk to no purpose, H 501.
quick living, alive, H ii. 78.
quod (quoth), said, H 88.
quook old past tense of quake, L 3582.
recked cared, H 619; L ii. 629; unrecked unheeded, disregarded, H 1799.
redeless without resource, devoid of counsel, L 3427.
rive cleave, H 1211; past tense rove, L 4149.
roamed wandered, went (of a path or journey), H 1432; extended (?) (of regions), H 1577. (These usages appear to be unrecorded.) rout company, troop, band, L 2997.
rove see rive.
ruel-bone some kind of ivory, L 2261 (cf. J. R. R. Tolkien, Sir Gawain, Pearl, and Sir Orfeo, translation of Pearl stanza 18: And her hue as rewel ivoty man).
nath pity, compassion, H 306, 1941, 1969, 2134, ii.654; L 116; remorse, H 509; sorrow, H 1661
shaws woods, thickets, H 647 (cf. the Trollshaws west of Rivendell).
sheer (of light) bright, L 689; (of water) clear and pure, L 1439.
shoon old plural of shoe, L 490.
shores supports, props, L 3880.
sigaldry sorcery, L 2072 (cf. stanza 3 of the poem Errantry, in J. R. R.
Tolkien, The Adventures of Tom Bombadil, 1962).
slade valley, dell, H 235, I 150 2171 ii. 561; s1ades of death H 685, 886.
slot track, trail (of a hunted creature), H 745, 1314
alough mire, mud, H 881.
sped availed (attained his purpose), H 41; prospered (transitive), H 247, (intransitive) ii. 574; pressed, urged on, H 284; sent with haste, H 654.
stared (probably) shone, L 3I32 a meaning of the verb found in the mediaeval alliterative poems: cf. J. R. R. Tolkien, Sir Gawain, Pearl, and Sir Orfeo, translation of Pearl stanza 10: stars stare in the welkin in minter night, where the original has staren with this meaning.
strikes runs, flows, H 240, 520, ii. 567.
suage assuage, relieve, H 612.
sued petitioned for, appealed for, H 857.
swath 'the space covered by a sweep of the mower's scythe' (O.E.D.), H 33, ii.64; L 2106.
swinking toiling, H 784.
sylphine of the nature of a sylph (spirit inhabiting the air, see p. 306), L 4077. (This adjective to sylph is not recorded.) tale count, amount, sum, H 159, 471, ii. 326. Cf. untold uncounted, H ii. 678, L 12, 2251.
targe shield, H 13 I 409, 2 I 53, it. 284, 785.
thewed in mighty-thewed, of great strength, with mighty sinews, H ii. 714.
thirled pierced, H 697.
tilth cultivated land, H 1798.
tors rocky hill-tops, H 2119.
travail hardship (as endured on a journey, i.e. both travail and travel), H xyg, ii. 300.
unfey not 'fey', not fated to die, H ii. 752 (or possibly the meaning is
'not feeble, not timid', reversing another sense of fey). This word is apparently not recorded in English, but u-feigr 'unfey' is found in Old Norse.
unkempt uncombed, H 490.
unreeked see reeked.
wading going, passing, H 1605.
waiviag refusing, rejecting, H ii. 154.
wallet bag for provisions, H 228, ii. 551.
wan dark, L 261, ii. 561.
wanhope despair, H 188.
web woven fabric, L 1471l; used of ring-mail L 324, and of the
'weavings' of fate H ii. 13.
weeds clothes, H 445.
weft woven fabric, L 3061.
weird fate, doom, H 160, ii. 119, 246, 327; L 2290, 3173.
weregild the price to be paid in compensation for the killing of a man, varying according to his rank, L ii. 177.
whin gorse, L ii. 195.
wieldy (capable of easily wielding body or weapon), vigorous, agile, H 1765.
wildered lost, H 188, 204, 1316, ii.516; p. 146; bewildered, H 774; L
641 (see p. 323).
minding (1) of the motion of wind or water (without any necessary suggestion of twisting), H 769, 1857. (2) (of trumpet) blowing, H 1832.
wist see wot.
mold forested hills or uplands (see p. 88), H 1816, 1992, 1994; L 1742.
wolfham(e) wolfskin, L 3398; pp. 271 - 3, 283 (see p. 271).
woof woven fabric, L 4149.
wot (present tense of verb wit), know, H 204, ii. 516; past tense wist knew, H 160, 200, 399, ii.327; past participle unwiet unknown, H 257.
wrack (1) ruin, disaster, destruction, H 27, 629, 2036, ii. 120; p. 142.
(2) seaweed, H 1569
wrights craftsmen, H 300 I 147, ii. 641, 671.
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