The Noonday Demon (118 page)

Slaby, Andrew,
466
,
467
,
469

sleep:

antidepressant suppression of REM phase of,
113
,
452

blood sugar fluctation as impediment to,
139

caffeine and,
397

disruption in patterns of,
144
,
145
–46,
190
,
455

insomnia and,
119
,
146
,
190

neurotransmitter systems and,
145

panic attacks in delta phase of,
65

as primary illness diagnostic tool,
220
–21,
466

REM stage of,
see
rapid eye movement (REM) sleep

as safe withdrawal,
406

sleep advancement,
145

sleep deprivation therapy,
137
,
144

Sloman, Leon,
495

Smith, C. U. M.,
403

Smith, Joel P.,
268

Smith, Richard,
492

smoking,
202
,
218
,
225

Smollett, Tobias,
311

social ranking, dominance conflicts and,
404
–6

Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI),
368

societies, in transitional phases,
208
,
407

Socrates,
287
,
288

Solidarity movement,
201

Solomon, Andrew:

alcohol reactions of,
227
–28

breakdowns experienced by,
42
–43,
44
,
45
–48,
49
–55,
61
,
63
–65,
67
–69,
83
–90,
91
,
278
–79,
325
–26,
426
,
432
,
438

childhood of,
39
–42,
206

costs of treatment for,
492

homosexuality of,
206
–8

medications used by,
30
,
60
,
61
,
63
,
64
–65,
70
–71,
77
–80,
86
–92,
119
,
123
–24,
125
,
234
–35,
236
–37,
242
,
426
,
432
,
447
,
492

members of Congress interviewed by,
375
–78

personal value of depression experiences of,
78
,
91
,
436
–37,
443

in psychotherapy,
44
–45,
48
,
70
,
105
,
492

suicidal thoughts of,
67
,
68
–69,
71
–73,
77
,
78
,
85
,
244
,
247
,
260
–61,
265
–66,
274
–75,
278
,
279
,
280
,
283
,
443

violent episodes of,
179
–80

writing career of,
40
,
46
,
49
,
86
–87,
89
,
325
,
397
,
448
,
448

Solomon, Carolyn,
206
,
268
,
271
–73,
275
–79,
476

Solomon, David,
277
,
278

Solomon, Howard,
13
,
278
,
445

Sonata,
234

Sonego, Tina,
238
–42,
438
,
442

Sorrows of Young Werther, The
(Goethe),
251
,
315

Soviet concentration camps,
281

Special K (ketamine),
232

speech:

as origin of self-consciousness,
415

positive emotion allied with,
418
–19

Spinoza, Benedict,
308

spiritual belief,
see
religious faith

Spitz, Henry,
466

spleen,
297
,
300
,
315

SSDI (Social Security Disability Insurance),
367
,
368

SSI (Supplemental Security Income),
160
,
368

SSRIs,
see
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Stanley, Jonathan,
380
,
381

Starkey, Angel,
421
–28,
432
,
438
,
498

state mental hospitals,
385
–89,
390
–91

STDs (sexually transmitted diseases),
202

Stein, Bill (pseudonym),
73
–77,
441
–42

Stetson, Danquille (pseudonym),
351
–52,
360

Stevens, Anthony,
404

Stewart, Jacqueline,
467

stimulants, illegal,
230
–32

see also
substance abuse

Stoic philosophers,
292

stress:

aggression as release of,
253
–54

cortisol levels affected by,
57
,
58
,
59
–60

humiliation as main cause of,
63

of modern life,
31
–32,
125
,
404
,
406
–9

right-brain activation and,
418

social withdrawal as reduction of,
125

suicidality increased with,
252
–54

stroke,
193
,
415
–16

Strupp, Hans,
451
–52

Styron, William,
135
,
136
,
365
,
491

substance abuse,
217
–42

adolescents and,
221
,
467

antianxiety drugs and,
119

brain adaptations to,
218
,
219
–20,
222
–23,
231
,
233

contemplative vs. precontemplative,
223
–24

criminal behavior in support of,
354

depression intertwined with,
37
,
217
,
218
–22,
354
–55

escalating needs of,
218

genetic predisposition toward,
217
,
218
,
223
,
224

hospitalization treatment after withdrawal from,
391

of indigent depressed,
337
,
346
,
354

maternal,
254

of military veterans,
381

neurotransmitter systems affected by,
217
–18,
219
,
223
,
228
,
231
,
473

pharmacological rehabilitation from,
229

relapse prevention strategy for,
229

as self-medication,
217
,
220
,
238

social norm variabilities on,
226
–27

speed of intoxication in,
218
,
237

suicidality linked to,
220
,
222
,
227
,
254
,
467

withdrawal from,
219
,
222
,
224
,
229
,
232
,
234
,
391

see also
addiction; alcoholism;
specific drugs

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA),
369

substance P,
171

success:

competitive superiority vs. personal achievement as,
405

suicidality and,
255
,
258

suicide,
25
,
37
,
243
–83

alcoholism and,
227
,
255

animal serotonin levels and,
114
,
254

on antidepressants,
80
–81

as anxiety response,
275

attempts vs. completed acts of,
248
,
251
,
258
–59,
472

of Berlin Jews,
204
,
465

in childhood,
184
,
254
,
257
–58,
261
,
264
–65,
356
,
460
,
461
,
464

as civil liberties issue,
247
,
248
,
283
,
293
–94

congressional hearings on,
373

contagion of,
250
–51,
258
,
279

contemplation of,
67
,
68
–69,
71
,
121
–22,
251

control exerted through,
280
,
282

cortisol levels and,
59

depression as independent from,
243
–44,
249
,
470

detoxification stress and,
220

of elderly,
258
–59

euthanasia and,
268
–73,
275
–79,
280

family history of,
250
,
268
,
472

faulty logic of,
244
–45,
266
–68

four groups of,
244
–45,
249
–50

genetic predisposition toward,
250
,
254

among Greenlandic Inuit peoples,
208
,
465

guns used in,
254
,
255
,
474

homosexuality and,
202
,
463
,
464

and hospitalization coverage,
370

hospital restraints against,
387

hotlines for prevention of,
358

inexplicability of,
262
–63,
264
–65

insomnia linked to,
146

and intolerance for pain,
85

locations of,
251

of men vs. women,
178
,
459

in mixed states of manic-depressive illness,
48

modern technological means of,
254
–55

neurotransmitter systems and,
252
–54

of octopus,
257

of older men,
258
–59,
270

para-suicidal acts vs.,
260
,
261
,
263

parental death and,
257

philosophical considerations of,
245
–47

preventative treatment for,
251
–52

rates of,
248
–49,
251
,
257
,
373
,
447
,
471
,
472
,
475

rational consideration of,
245
,
247
–48,
258
,
268
–69,
283

reactions of friends and family to,
262
,
264
–65,
279
,
283

religious prohibition of,
132
,
246
–47,
259
,
304

self-mutilation and,
421

social contextual views of,
249
–51

SSRI prevention of,
115
,
252

substance abuse and,
220
,
222
,
227
,
254
,
255
,
467