The Sultan and the Queen: The Untold Story of Elizabeth and Islam (58 page)

and heresy, 24, 25, 27, 31

Islam vs., 8, 25–26, 271, 298

Orthodox vs. Roman Catholic branches, 19

split between Catholics and Protestants, 8, 18, 24–27, 34, 36, 37, 65, 73, 134, 148

unification sought for, 26

Church of England, 61

Cicero, 158

clash of civilizations, 299

Clement VII, Pope, 24, 159,
160

Clement VIII, Pope, 231, 251–52, 254

Clements, Joseph, 74–75, 84, 92

Clothworkers’ Company, 74

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 276

Conisby, Humphrey, 223

Conquest of Tunis
tapestries, 16, 18, 27

Constantinople:

Barton as trade representative in, 181–82, 185, 217

fall of (1453), 9, 47, 62

Hagia Sophia in, 85, 117, 202

Harborne as English ambassador in, 10, 113–14, 117–19, 121–24, 129, 131–32, 140–45

Harborne as trade representative in, 83, 84–89, 90, 93, 100, 102, 110, 184, 240

rebuilding of, 85–86

sultan’s harem in, 86–87, 95;
see also
Safiye Sultan

Topkapi Palace in, 4, 72, 85, 86, 117, 202, 220

trade route to, 68, 72, 74–75, 83, 94, 112, 117

Cordell, Thomas, 74–75

Corrai, Angelo, 234

Cottington, Francis, 293

Cristóbal, Don, 150

Curtain Theater, 297

Cyprus:

Ottoman invasion of, 63–64, 272

Ottoman sovereignty over, 72

Cyrus the Great, 46

Daborne, Robert,
A Christian Turned Turk,
297

Dallam, Thomas, 219–22, 223–24, 225

Damascus:

trade in, 35

Umayyad dynasty in, 37

Darius, ruler of Persia, 180

David XI of Kartli, 50, 51

Day, John, 174

Dekker, Thomas, 174, 293

Lust’s Dominion; or The Lascivious Queen
, also known as
The Spanish Moor’s Tragedy,
272–74, 275

de Vere, Edward, 98

Dias, Estêvão, 128

Dickonson, Miles, 128

Diet of Augsburg, 25, 27

Diet of Nuremberg, 25

Dolphin
(ship), 129–30

Donne, John, 194, 231

D’Ossat, Arnaud, 252, 253

Drake, Sir Francis:

and attacks on Spanish fleet, 123, 146

first circumnavigation of globe by, 74, 114

and
Golden Hind,
74

as pirate, 133, 135, 143

and Portugal Expedition, 153–54, 166–67, 168, 181

and slavery, 133–34

Dudar, Abdullah, 259, 264

Duodo, Piero, 249–50, 251

Du Ryer, André,
L’Alcoran de Mahomet,
298

Earl of Sussex’s Men, 187

East India Company, 290

Edict of Sincere Repentance, 48

Edward, Prince, 15

Edward III, King of England, 16

Edward IV, King of England, 27, 28, 29, 30–31

Edward VI, King of England, 57

Edwards, Arthur, 53

Eliot, T. S., 188

Elizabeth, Princess (daughter of James I), 291

Elizabeth I, Queen of England:

accession to the throne, 32, 33, 42

achievements of, 288

and aging, 181, 254, 264, 271

allies beyond Europe sought by, 8, 10, 62, 81, 101–2, 152, 169, 184, 223, 244, 248, 251

anniversaries of reign of, 266–68

annual revenue of, 258

coronation of, 33

correspondence with Ottoman sultan, 1–3, 4, 6–7, 89–95, 101–2, 113–14, 118, 120, 136, 171, 186, 221–22, 265, 270–71

correspondence with Persian shahs, 46, 50, 68–69, 71, 114–16, 119, 170–72

correspondence with tsar, 45

death of, 288, 291

depicted in artworks, 207

excommunication of, 3, 8, 59–62, 65, 68, 76, 92

final years of reign, 255, 264

finances of, 154

and national debt, 45

policy toward Spain, 257–60

and Portugal Expedition, 153–54, 168

proclamation of 1601, 269–71, 273

reign of, 27, 152, 267, 270, 288

and religion, 33–34, 44, 59, 60–61

and slaves, 44, 54

and Spanish Armada, 142, 147–48

teeth of, 4, 56, 266

and trade, 57, 58, 71, 80, 132, 133

England:

attacks on Catholicism in, 61

and circumnavigation of the globe, 74, 114

and Elizabeth’s excommunication, 60–61

famine in, 270

and Islam,
see
Islam

May Day riots (1517), 293

Moorish delegation to, 193

as multicultural society, 300

national debt of, 45, 258

and oath of supremacy, 34, 60–61

Ottoman-related books and art in, 204–5

plague in, 187

Protestantism in, 34, 61, 62, 218, 274, 288

and saltpeter trade, 67, 71, 115, 131

and slave trade, 44, 58, 133–34, 135

textiles from, 35, 43, 45, 46, 56, 58, 66, 68, 74, 83, 88, 104, 201, 205–6

and timber trade, 115

trade with Ottoman Empire, 3, 4–5, 40, 41, 53, 73–75, 88–92, 96–97, 101, 103, 112–14, 117–19, 186, 203, 204–5

trade with Persia, 44, 114–16

trade with Russia, 31, 44, 53, 104

war with Spain, 193–95, 196, 262–64

as world power, 5, 152

Erasmus of Rotterdam,
De bello turcico,
25–27, 184, 272

Essex, Robert Devereux, Earl of, 196, 260

and anti-Spanish activities, 194, 231, 233, 244, 271

arrest and execution of, 248, 252–53

and Ireland, 248

and Sherley, 230, 231, 233, 235, 240, 244, 247, 248, 252–53

Europe:

Catholicism in, 9, 34

guilds in, 29

Jews persecuted in, 127

maps of, 31–32

Fatimah, 36, 37

Felton, John, 59, 60

Ferdinand, Holy Roman Emperor, 31

Ferdinand II of Aragon, 25

Finch (Dragoman), 221

Fishtali, Abd al-Aziz al-, 148–49, 150, 195

Fitch, Ralph, 119

Forster, Richard, 118

Foscarini, Giacomo, 234

Fourth Lateran Council (1215), 62

Foxe, John,
Acts and Monuments
(
Foxe’s Book of Martyrs
), 27, 159,
160
, 213

France:

and anti-Ottoman alliance, 38, 119

and Capitulations,
see
Capitulations

English army in, 257

Franco-Ottoman alliance, 9, 93

Guise faction in, 61

Huguenots in, 61–62, 101, 181–83

Spanish invasion of, 181

Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis, 34

Francis I, King of France, 9, 17

Frederick V, Elector Palatine, 291

Gama, Vasco da, 233

Gardiner, Stephen, 14, 15, 16

Garrard, Sir William, 58–59

George, Saint, 213–15

Gerard, Thomas, 260

Germigny, Jacques de, 95–96, 100–101

Ghalib, Sultan Abdullah al-, 58–59, 63

Giles, John, 129

Giraldi, Francisco, 71

Giraldi, Giovanni Battista (“Cinthio”),
Hecatommithi,
276–77, 279

Globe Theatre, 188

Glover, Thomas, 223

Godunov, Boris, 245–47

Gog and Magog, 47

Gomes de Silva, Joao, 148

Gómez, Ruy, 14

Gore, William, 130

Gosson, Stephen, 105, 107

Granada, Moriscos in, 63

Greene, Robert, 158, 160, 272

Alphonsus, King of Aragon,
173

Tragicall Reign of Selimus,
172–73, 188

Gregory XIII, Pope, 76, 101

Gresham, Sir Thomas, 68, 71

Greville, Fulke, 174

Grey, Lady Jane, 15

Grocers’ Company, 193

Habsburg Empire, 17, 18, 26, 27, 31, 32, 33, 62, 63, 72, 93, 186–87, 204

“Hagarene,” use of term, 20

Hakluyt, Richard,
Principal Navigations,
44, 56, 74, 83–84, 88, 206, 217–18, 226

Hamett, Mully, King of Barbary, 259

Hanmer, Meredith, 133–38, 141, 144, 180

Harborne, William, 74, 97–102, 175

achievements of, 117–19, 146–47, 151, 225

and Anglo-Ottoman alliance, 89–93, 95, 96, 97–98, 102, 107, 117–19, 183

and
Bark Roe,
98–101, 103, 105

in Constantinople, 84–89, 90–93, 100, 102, 110

death of, 147

and English captives, 92, 100, 134, 138–42, 146

as first Turkish ambassador, 10, 113–14, 117–19, 121–24, 129, 131–32, 140–45

memoirs of, 141, 145

recall requested by, 145–47

as spy, 84, 118–19

Hardwick embroidery, 206–8

Hassan, Mulay, 17

Hassan, Seadeddin Muhammad Ben, 142

“Hassan Aga,” 10, 138–39

Haughton, William, 174

Hawkins, John, 146

Hawkins, William, 135–36, 137

Hazlitt, William, 212

Hector,
219, 221–22, 223

Henry, Cardinal, 80

Henry II, King of France, 34

Henry III, King of France, 95, 97, 101, 181

Henry IV, King of France (Henry of Navarre), 181–82, 230, 253

Henry VIII, King of England, 4, 25, 159,
160
, 293

children of, 13, 19, 76

dissolution of monasteries, 192

separation from Roman Catholic Church, 13, 18

and trade, 28–29

wars with France, 45

Henslowe, Philip, 6, 106, 156, 178