The War That Ended Peace: The Road to 1914 (141 page)

Naval Reserve Fleet
112

need to disperse fleet around the world
93

protection of British trade
105

redestribution of
112

reforms
108

reliance on
38

and sharing information
303

standing for British power
28
,
104

talks with French navy
371

told to remain mobilised after summer manoeuvres
557

two-power standard
94
,
104

unsolicited advice from the Kaiser
61
,
84

Wilhelm II’s admiration for
89

Royal Yacht Club
85

Rozhdestvensky, Admiral
160

Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria
206
,
213

Rumania
199
,
201
,
224
,
225
–26,
333
,
335
,
380
,
386
–87,
437
,
505

and Bulgaria
506

in Great War
597

independence
381

national movement
209
,
215

population
437

response to Serbia’s plea for support
537

secret alliances with Austria-Hungary and Germany
386
,
387
,
505
,
521

and Triple Alliance
575

Rumanian army
502

Rumanian National Party
477

Rus, Ukraine
180

Russia
293

agrees not to oppose annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina
403
–4,
405
,
528

alliance with France (from 1894)
xxvi
,
xxix
,
22
,
137
,
145
–48,
149
,
158
,
162
,
175
,
185
–86,
192
,
318
,
356
,
370
,
400
,
485
–86,
496
,
497
,
524
,
546
,
547
,
548
,
561
–62

the arts
165

and the Black Sea
38
,
75

Bolsheviks seize power
xx
,
13

and Boxer Rebellion
161
–62

breaks off relations with Germany
580

budget deficits
184

claim to be a European power
179
,
180

colonies
12

constitution
177
,
178
,
553

Council of Ministers
173
,
178
,
403
,
550
,
552
,
553

defence spending
502

divided society
163
–64

dramatic rise to world power
12

Dreikaiserbund
137

Durnovo’s warning
311

economy
12
,
13
,
146
,
168
,
183
,
201

education
8
,
183

ethnic nationalism
xxvii

exports
181
,
381

fails to back Serbia
xxiv

financial aid
177
,
370

and first Hague Peace Conference
281

geography
179
–81,
338

and German tariff to keep out cheap Russian grain
99

goes to war with Austria-Hungary and Germany
xxiv

Great Programme
502
–3

growth rates
12
–13

industrialisation
55
,
164
,
172

internal migration
165

investment in
146
–47

literacy
165

loans to
146
,
191
–92,
199
,
337
,
341
,
480
,
486
,
547

need to rebuild and overhaul armed forces
168

Neutrality Treaty with Austria-Hungary
227

Paris Universal Exposition
4
,
12

peace movement
275

political parties
178

population
67
,
166
,
180
,
338
,
480

pre-war desire for revenge
xxi
,
xxiv

press
178
,
191
,
472

public opinion
174
,
178
,
192

rearmament
xxvii

Redl’s treachery
336
–37

Reinsurance Treaty with Germany
74
,
79
,
137
,
146

relations with Austria-Hungary
214
,
220
,
224
–27,
312
,
315
,
320
,
382
–83,
385
,
397
,
436
,
446
,
460
,
492

relations with Britain
xxix
,
37
,
44
,
75
,
78
–79,
101
,
113
,
129
,
146
,
181
–83,
225
,
227
,
321
,
423
,
471
,
477

relations with France
38
,
224
,
283
,
362

relations with Germany
75
–76,
79
,
152
,
184
–85,
312
,
357
–58,
407
–8,
419
,
471
,
494
,
495

relations with Serbia
410

religion
165
,
226

response to Serbia’s plea for support
537

rivalry with Austria-Hungary in the Balkans
471

rivalry with Austria-Hungary over Ottoman Empire
381
–82

and Ruthenia
215
–16

secret military agreement with France (1894)
74

seizes Chinese ports
46

serfdom ends (1861)
165

size of
180
,
331
,
337

strikes in
164
,
167
,
202
,
475
,
541
,
542
,
548

subject peoples
164

supports Serbia
xxiv
,
512

terrorism in
241

Triple Entente
150
,
196
,
198
,
312
,
493

tsarist autocracy and orthodoxy
147

youth groups in
258

Russian army

conscription
480

German view of
331

‘Great Programme’
480

mobilisation
339
,
454
–55,
504
,
552
,
553
,
565
–69,
573
,
575
,
584

reforms
339

and second Moroccan crisis
422
–23

size of
480
,
504

spending on
183
,
212

view of the political class
257

Russian civil war
598

Russian Empire

demonstrations against Russian rule (1906)
167

devastation of
xix
,
xx

spread of
40
,
160
,
180

Russian navy
94
,
113
,
191

Baltic Fleet
159
–60,
162
,
186
,
552

Black Sea Fleet
167
,
342
,
552

Dogger Bank incident
159
–60,
281

Far Eastern Fleet
162

Japan’s victory at Tsushima Strait
112

Pacific Fleet
162

shattered after Russo-Japanese War
168

spending on
183

Russian Orthodox Church
601

Russian revolution (1905)
13
,
161
,
167
–68

Russian revolution (1917)
13
,
161
,
167
,
475

Russification
249
,
475

Russo-Japanese War (1904–5)
xxvi
,
13
,
112
,
118
,
159
–63,
161
,
166
,
168
,
172
,
174
,
177
,
179
,
183
–4,
186
–89,
218
,
227
,
257
,
259
,
282
,
298
,
304
,
306
,
307
,
331
,
340
,
342
,
351
,
356
,
358
,
362
,
363
,
368
,
369
,
383
,
385
,
392
,
393
,
408
,
458
,
471
,
475
,
476
,
507
,
546
, P1.
12

Russo-Turkish War (1877–8)
5
,
267
,
306
,
340
,
382

Ruthenia, Galicia
215
–16

Ruthenians
476
,
492

S

Sadowa, Battle of (1896)
431

St Cyr military academy
135
,
349

St Petersburg
164
,
226
,
457
,
461
,
544
,
548
,
559

Winter Palace
167

Saint Saëns, Camille:
Le Feu céleste
6

St Vincent
(ship)
84

Sakhalin
163

Salisbury, Georgina Gascoyne-Cecil, Marchioness of
30
–31,
42

Salisbury, Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of
31

Salisbury, Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of
49
,
103
,
108
,
182
,
247
,
326

appearance
30

Caernarvon speech
35
,
36

calm self-confidence
28

childhood
29

decision-making
33

depression
29
,
42

and Diamond Jubilee
26

and Dreyfus affair
145

family background
31

family life
29

and Fashoda crisis
135

foreign policy
33
–36,
38
,
39
,
41
–42

at Hatfield
29
–30

on imperialism
252

and Ito
49
,
50

on jingoism
255