Tower of Basel: The Shadowy History of the Secret Bank That Runs the World (51 page)

Harriman, E. Roland,
145

Harrison, George, New York Federal reserve president,
24
,
32
,
64–65

Harrison, Leland,
77
,
95
,
114
,
161

Hárshegyi, Frigyes,
202
,
204

Harvard Plan,
119
,
121
,
138
,
173
,
224

Hayes, Alfred,
191

Hechler, Paul,
xix
,
49
,
66
,
81
,
84
,
90
,
128
,
131

Hess, Rudolf,
35

Hesse state central bank,
153

Hewitt, Abram,
117
,
118–119

The Hidden Enemy
(Pol),
22
,
224

Hilton, Andrew,
251
,
257

Himmler, Heinrich,
17
,
35–36
,
118

Himmlerkreis,
35
,
183

Hitler, Adolf

       
American financiers, meeting with,
37

       
as author of
Mein Kampf
,
24

       
economic autarky, plans for,
35

       
Henry Ford, admiration for,
104

       
Hjalmar Schacht, admiration for,
45–47

       
Jews, emigration help for,
48

       
Kurt von Schröder, friendship with,
35

       
notification of impending bankruptcy,
70

       
overthrow of, plans for,
48
,
99
,
117
,
186

       
on unification of Europe,
221

Hitler’s Secret Bankers: The Myth of Swiss Neutrality During the Holocaust
(Lebor),
259

Hoffman, Paul,
165

Hollerith machine,
105

Holocaust,
87–88
,
105
,
145
,
258

Holthrop, Marius,
192

Hoover, Herbert,
28

Hoover Moratorium,
41

Horthy, Míklos,
162

Hülse, Ernest,
24
,
185

Hungarian National Bank,
44
,
98
,
205

Hungary,
25
,
184
,
202–205

I

IBM,
105
,
109

IG Auschwitz,
51
,
88
,
100
,
102

IG Chemie,
95

IG Farben,
35–37
,
50–51
,
88
,
100–104
,
129
,
143
,
158

IMF.
See
International Monetary Fund

Imperial Chemical Industries,
143

Independent
newspaper, obituary of Hermann Abs,
192–193

India,
xi

Institute of Pacific Relations,
99

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development,
121

International Centre for Investment Disputes,
260

International Chamber of Commerce (ICC),
110
,
144–145

International Labor Organization (ILO),
90

International Monetary Fund (IMF),
121
,
139
,
141
,
176
,
206
,
257

International Nickel Company (INKO),
37

International Telephone and Telegraph Company (ITT),
37

Ireland,
167
,
246
,
248

Irving Fisher Committee,
xxii

Iselin, Felix,
95

Italy

       
Argentine bond dispute,
260

       
BIS, as founding member of,
xviii
,
20

       
Economic Consultative Committee, membership in,
xi

       
economic stability of,
232

       
in European Economic Community,
217

       
Franco, provision of financial aid to,
55

       
gold standard, adherence to,
42

       
Hague Convention, signing of,
20

       
investment in by speculators,
213

       
in London Gold Pool,
188

       
Marshall Plan payments to,
146

       
proposal of customs union,
147

       
World War I reparations payments,
39

J

J. H. Stein bank,
17
,
34
,
35
,
129

J. Henry Schröder bank,
17
,
34
,
35
,
187

Jackson, Robert,
161

Jacobssen, Erin,
88

Jacobssen, Per

       
Allen Dulles, introduction to,
127

       
BIS, role of in,
52

       
on curtailment of public expenditure,
175–176

       
economic philosophy of,
xvii

       
Emil Puhl, relationship with,
84
,
127–128

       
evacuation from Basel,
81

       
Japanese peace proposal, relay of to Allen Dulles,
131

       
as president of IMF,
176

       
as source of information for Allies and Germany,
127–129

       
unified Europe, belief in,
165–166

James, Harold,
212

Japan,
xvii
,
20
,
130–131
,
255

Japanese-Americans, internment of,
143

Járai, Zsigmond,
232
,
235

Jaretski, Ludwig,
86

Jean Monnet Program,
168

Jenkins, Roy,
193

Johnson, Karen,
229–230

J. P. Morgan,
xviii
,
21
,
38
,
108

JSC Directive,
138

Jung, Carl,
4

K

Kádár, János,
202
,
205

Kan Yoshimura,
130

Karmeinsky, Ewald,
104

Kaufman, Samuel,
143

Keilhau, Wilhelm,
122

Kennedy, John F.,
189

Kennedy, Rudy,
103–104
,
158

Keppler, Wilhelm,
35

Kersten, Felix,
118–119

Keynes, John Maynard,
10
,
52
,
124

Kharroubi, Enisse,
271

Kindelberger, Charles,
88

King, Sir Mervyn,
xi
,
xii
,
251

Klein, Ezra,
256

Kleinwort bank,
35

Knight, Malcolm,
xxii
,
234
,
250
,
262

Köcher, Otto,
87

Kohl, Helmut,
220
,
233

Kojiro Kitamura,
130

Kontinental-Öl,
183–184

Korea,
255

Kransberg Castle (Dustbin),
149

Kreuger, Ivar,
75–76
,
118
,
169

Kristallnacht,
44
,
48

Krupp, Alfried,
159

Kubowitski, A. Leon,
144

L

Lamfalussy, Alexandre

       
Delors Committee, membership in,
211–213

       
as director of European Monetary Institute,
225–227

       
ECC Governors’ Committee, membership in,
209

       
on economic and fiscal policy,
235

       
on European Payments Union,
166–167

       
as “Father of the Euro,”
xxii
,
230

Lamont, Thomas,
108

Latvia,
25

Laughland, John,
221

Lausanne Conference (1932),
41

Lawrence, Geoffrey,
162

Layton, Walter,
3
,
4–5
,
13–14

League of Nations,
90

Lee, Higginson & Company,
73
,
74
,
76
,
118
,
120
,
144
,
169

Lehman Brothers,
239

Leica Camera,
156

Leigh-Pemberton, Robin,
210

Lend Lease program,
82–83

Lenin, Vladimir,
40
,
43
,
44

Leutwiler, Fritz,
197
,
200
,
203–206

Libor scandal,
242

Lisbon Treaty (2009),
246

Lithuania,
25

Lloyds,
35

London Gold Pool (LGP),
xvi
,
188–189

Long, Breckinridge,
106
,
160

Loser, Claudio,
261
,
267

Luther, Hans,
24

Luxembourg,
146
,
167
,
217

Luxford, Ansel,
123

Luzatti, Luigi,
31

M

M. M. Warburg bank,
149–150

Maastricht Treaty (1992),
220
,
243
,
245

Macedonia,
xxii

MacLaren, Donald,
101–102
,
157–158
,
177

Mahon, Guinness,
35

Malik, Josef,
59
,
60
,
63
,
66

Mann, Henry,
37

Marjolin, Robert,
174

Markets Committee,
xvi
,
189

Marshall Plan,
138
,
140–141
,
142
,
146–147
,
165–166
,
175

Martín-Aceña, Pablo,
55

Marx, Karl,
6

Mattuck, Israel,
77

McCloy, John

       
European union, support of by,
165
,
173–174

       
Jean Monnet, friendship with,
169–170

       
ruthlessness of,
143–144

       
ties to German businessmen,
142–143
,
158–160

       
as US High Commissioner for West Germany,
158

       
World Bank, as president of,
142

McDonough, William,
241–242

McGarrah, Gates

       
on Bank of Greece’s missing gold,
23

       
on BIS secrecy,
32

       
on currency speculation by BIS officials,
39–40

       
with Federal Reserve Bank of New York,
17–18

       
on German elections (1930),
24

       
on German loan,
75