Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis (1446 page)
Authors: Mary A. Williamson Mt(ascp) Phd,L. Michael Snyder Md
BOOK: Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis
13.05Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
Interpretation
Expected results:
No growth.
*
Submitted by Charles R. Kiefer, PhD.
*
Contributed by Marzena M. Galdzicka, PhD.
*
Contributed by Marzena M. Galdzicka, PhD.
*
Contributed by Marzena M. Galdzicka, PhD.
*
Contributed by Marzena M. Galdzicka, PhD.
*
Contributed by Marzena M. Galdzicka, PhD.
*
Contributed by Marzena M. Galdzicka, PhD.
*
Contributed by Marzena M. Galdzicka, PhD.
*
Contributed by Michael Mitchell, MD & Marzena M. Galdzicka, PhD.
APPENDIX
Abbreviations and Acronyms
| A/G | albumin-to-globulin ratio |
| AA | amyloid A, atomic absorption |
| ABG | arterial blood gas |
| ACE | angiotensin-converting enzyme |
| Ach | acetylcholine |
| AChR | acetylcholine receptor |
| ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone |
| ADH | antidiuretic hormone |
| AF | amniotic fluid |
| AFB | acid-fast bacillus |
| AFP | α-fetoprotein |
| AG | anion gap |
| AHF | antihemophilic factor |
| AIDS | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| ALA | aminolevulinic acid |
| ALL | acute lymphoblastic leukemia |
| ALP | alkaline phosphatase |
| ALT | alanine aminotransferase (see SGPT) |
| AMI | acute myocardial infarction |
| AML | acute myeloblastic leukemia acute myelocytic leukemia acute myelogenous leukemia |
| ANA | antinuclear antibody |
| ANCA | anti–neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody |
| ARC | AIDS-related complex (see AIDS) |
| ARDS | acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| ASOT | antistreptolysin-O titer |
| AST | aspartate aminotransferase (see SGOT) |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate |
| BAL | bronchoalveolar lavage |
| BCG | bacillus Calmette-Guérin |
| BJ protein | Bence-Jones protein |
| BPH | benign prostatic hyperplasia |
| BT | bleeding time |
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen |
| CA-125 | cancer antigen 125 |
| CAD | coronary artery disease |
| CAH | congenital adrenal hyperplasia |
| cAMP | cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
| CBC | complete blood count |
| CDC | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| CEA | carcinoembryonic antigen |
| CF | complement fixation, cystic fibrosis |
| CFU | colony forming unit |
| CHD | congenital heart disease, coronary heart disease |
| ChE | cholinesterase |
| CHF | congestive heart failure |
| CIE | counter (-current) immunoelectrophoresis |
| CK | creatine kinase |
| CK-MB | creatine kinase MB band |
| CK-MM | creatine kinase MM band |
| CLL | chronic lymphocytic leukemia |
| CMV | cytomegalovirus |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CRH | corticotropin-releasing hormone |
| CRP | C-reactive protein |
| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
| CT | computed tomography |
| CVA | cerebrovascular accident |
| d | day |
| Da | dalton |
| DFA | direct fluorescent antibody |
| DHEA | dehydroepiandrosterone |
| DHEA-S | dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate |
| DI | diabetes insipidus |
| DIC | disseminated intravascular coagulation |
| DKA | diabetic ketoacidosis |
| dL | deciliter |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid (also see the Glossary) |
| DOC | deoxycorticosterone |
| EBV | Epstein-Barr virus |
| ECG | electrocardiogram |
| EDTA | edetic acid (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) |
| EIA | enzyme immunoassay |
| ELISA | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| EM | electron microscopy |
| EMIT | enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique |
| ENA | extractable nuclear antigen |
| EPA | Environmental Protection Agency |
| ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| ESR | erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
| Fab | antigen-binding fragment of immunoglobulin |
| FAB | French-American-British classification for acute leukemias |
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| Fc | crystallizable fragment of immunoglobulin |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| FISH | fluorescence in situ hybridization (also see the Glossary) |
| fL | femtoliter |
| FNA | fine needle aspiration |
| FPIA | fluorescence polarization immunoassay |
| FSH | follicle-stimulating hormone |
| FT 4 | free thyroxine |
| FTA | fluorescent treponemal antibody |
| FTA-ABS | fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test |
| FTI g | free thyroxine index gram |
| GC/MS | gas chromatography/mass spectrometry |
| GFR | glomerular filtration rate |
| GGT | γ-glutamyl transferase |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| GN | glomerulonephritis |
| G6PD | glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase |
| GTT | glucose tolerance test |
| GU | genitourinary |
| HA | hemagglutination |
| HAA | hepatitis-associated antigen |
| HAI | hemagglutination inhibition |
| HAV | hepatitis A virus |
| Hb | hemoglobin (may be followed by types: HbC, HbD, HbE, HbF, HbH, HbS) |
| HbA 1c | glycosylated hemoglobin, hemoglobin A1c |
| HBcAb | hepatitis B core antibody |
| HBcAg | hepatitis B core antigen |
| HBeAb | hepatitis B e antibody |
| HBeAg | hepatitis B e antigen |
| HBIG | hepatitis B immune globulin |
| HBsAb | hepatitis B surface antibody |
| HBsAg | hepatitis B surface antigen |
| HBV | hepatitis B virus |
| hCG | human chorionic gonadotropin |
| Hct | hematocrit |
| HCV | hepatitis C virus |
| H&E | hematoxylin and eosin (stain) |
| HDL | high-density lipoprotein |
| HDN | hemolytic disease of the newborn |
| HDV | hepatitis delta virus |
| HELPP | hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets [syndrome] |
| HEV | hepatitis E virus |
| hGH | human growth hormone |
| HI | hemagglutination inhibition |
| HIAA | hydroxyindole acetic acid |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HLA | human leukocyte antigen |
| HPF | high-power field |
| HPLC | high performance liquid chromatography |
| HPV | human papillomavirus |
| HSV | herpes simplex virus |
| HTLV | human T-cell leukemia virus human T-cell lymphotropic virus |
| HUS | hemolytic uremic syndrome |
| HVA | homovanillic acid |
| ICDH | isocitric dehydrogenase |
| ICU | intensive care unit |
| IEP | immunoelectrophoresis |
| IF | immunofluorescence |
| IFA | indirect immunofluorescent assay |
| Ig | immunoglobulin (can be found as IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM) |
| IHA | indirect hemagglutination |
| IM | infectious mononucleosis, intramuscular |
| INH | isoniazid |
| INR | international normalized ratio |
| IRMA | immunoradiometric assay |
| ITP | idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura |
| IU | international unit |
| IV | intravenous |
| 17-KGS | 17-ketogenic steroids |
| KOH | potassium hydroxide |
| 17-KS | 17-ketosteroids |
| L | liter |
| LA | latex agglutination, lupus anticoagulant |
| LAP | leucine aminopeptidase/ Leukocyte Alkaline Phosphatase |
| LC/MS | liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry |
| LD, LDH | lactate dehydrogenase |
| LDL | low-density lipoprotein |
| LE | lupus erythematosus |
| LH | luteinizing hormone |
| LUTS | lower urinary tract symptoms |
| MAO | monoamine oxidase |
| MCH | mean corpuscular hemoglobin |
| MCHC | mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration |
| MCV | mean corpuscular volume |
| MEN | multiple endocrine neoplasia (syndrome) |
| mEq | milliequivalent |
| mg | milligram |
| MHA-TP | microhemagglutination test (for Treponema pallidum ) |
| mm Hg | millimeters of mercury |
| mmol | millimole |
| mol | mole |
| MoM | multiples of the median (also see the Glossary) |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| mRNA | messenger RNA (also see the Glossary) |
| N | normal |
| NANB | non-A, non-B hepatitis (hepatitis C) |
| NBT | nitroblue tetrazolium |
| NIDDK | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases |
| NPV | negative predictive value |
| NSAID | nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug |
| 5'-NT | 5'-nucleotidase |
| OGTT | oral glucose tolerance test |
| 17-OHKS | 17-hydroxyketosteroids |
| O & P | ova and parasites |
| PA | pernicious anemia |
| Pap | Papanicolaou smear |
| PAP | prostatic acid phosphatase |
| PBS | peripheral blood smear |
| pCO 2 | partial pressure of carbon dioxide |
| PCR | polymerase chain reaction (also see Glossary) |
| PCV | packed cell volume |
| PDW | platelet distribution width |
| pg | picogram |
| Ph | Philadelphia chromosome |
| PK | pyruvate kinase |
| PKU | phenylketonuria |
| PMN | polymorphonuclear neutrophil |
| PNH | paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria |
| PO | by mouth (Latin, per os ) |
| pO 2 | partial pressure of oxygen |
| POC | point of care |
| POCT ppm | point-of-care testing parts per million |
| PPV | positive predictive value |
| PRA | plasma renin activity |
| PSA | prostate-specific antigen |
| PSP | phenolsulfonphthalein |
| PT | prothrombin time |
| PTH | parathyroid hormone |
| PTT | partial thromboplastin time |
| RA | refractory anemia, rheumatoid arthritis |
| RAIU | thyroid uptake of radioactive iodine |
| RAST | radioallergosorbent test |
| RBC | red blood cell |
| RDW | red cell distribution width |
| RE | reticuloendothelial |
| RF | rheumatic fever, rheumatoid factor |
| Rh | Rhesus factor |
| RIA | radioimmunoassay |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid |
| ROC | receiver-operating characteristic (curve, or ROC curve) |
Other books
To Claim His Mate by Serena Pettus
How to Sleep with a Movie Star by Kristin Harmel
La loba de Francia by Maurice Druon
The PuppetMaster by MacNair, Andrew L.
Hunks, Hammers, and Happily Ever Afters by Cari Quinn, Cathy Clamp, Anna J. Stewart, Jodi Redford, Amie Stuart, Leah Braemel, Chudney Thomas
How to Woo... A Reluctant Bride by Lyndi Lamont
Crime Time: Australians Behaving Badly by Sue Bursztynski
Waiting for Summer's Return by Kim Vogel Sawyer
The Dead of Winter (Seasons of Jefferson: Book 2) by Julie Solano, Tracy Justice
The Complete Tawny Man Trilogy Omnibus by Robin Hobb