Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis (617 page)

   Associated with alcohol abuse (AG frequently 20–25 mmol/L)

   Starvation (AG usually 5–10 mmol/L)

   Drugs

   Salicylate poisoning (AG frequently 5–10 mmol/L; higher in children)

   Methanol poisoning (AG frequently >20 mmol/L)

   Ethylene glycol poisoning (AG frequently >20 mmol/L)

   Paraldehyde (AG frequently >20 mmol/L)

   With Normal Anion Gap: Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis

Decreased Serum Potassium

   Renal tubular acidosis (RTA)

   Acquired (e.g., drugs, hypercalcemia)

   Inherited (e.g., cystinosis, Wilson disease)

   Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (e.g., acetazolamide, mafenide)

   Increased loss of alkaline body fluids (e.g., diarrhea, loss of pancreatic or biliary fluids)

   Ureteral diversion (e.g., ileal bladder or ureter, ureterosigmoidostomy)