Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis (715 page)

   Rule out SLE (test usually negative in SLE)

   Interpretation

Increased In

   Chronic active hepatitis

   Autoimmune hepatitis type 1

   Hepatitis B

   Hepatitis C

   Primary biliary cirrhosis

   Primary sclerosing cholangitis

   Overlap syndromes

Decreased In

   NA

   Limitations

   A positive test is not diagnostic for any one disease state.

   Low titers are seen in acute viral hepatitis, PBC, infection mononucleosis, malignant myeloma, and ovarian carcinoma.

ANTI–PARIETAL CELL ANTIBODIES (APC)

   Definition