When Everything Changed (66 page)

Read When Everything Changed Online

Authors: Gail Collins

Tags: #History, #General, #Social Science, #Women's Studies, #World, #HIS000000

BOOK: When Everything Changed
2.73Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
235
    The debate, Representative Barbara Jordan said: Rogers,
Barbara Jordan,
259–60.
235
    “As someone who has loved”: Critchlow,
Phyllis Schlafly and Grassroots Conservatism,
246.
236
    “I thought we had it made”: Noun,
More Strong-Minded Women,
172.
236
    Miami-Dade County had been: Richard Steele, “A ‘No’ to the Gays,”
Newsweek,
June 20, 1977.
236
    “Since homosexuals cannot reproduce”: “Maybe There’s Something in the Juice,”
Time,
February 28, 1994.
237
   
Newsweek
reported that a lesbian: Steele, “A ‘No’ to the Gays.”
237
    A few years later: Cathleen McGuigan, “Newsmakers,”
Newsweek,
November 24, 1980.
237
    “It became much more difficult”: Barbara Epstein, “Ambivalence About Feminism,” in
The Feminist Memoir Project,
147.
238
    “Life felt good”: Vivian Gornick, “What Feminism Means to Me,” in
The Feminist Memoir Project,
373–75.
238
    “There was such anxiety”: Linda Greenhouse, “Defeat of Equal Rights Bill Traced to Women’s Votes,”
New York Times,
November 6, 1975.
239
    One widely distributed: Linda Greenhouse, “What Happens to ERA Now?”
New York Times,
November 9, 1975.
239
    “I can’t predict”: Carroll,
It Seemed Like Nothing Happened,
271.

10. “YOU’RE GONNA MAKE IT AFTER ALL”

Interviews: Sylvia Acevedo, Suzan Johnson Cook, Barbara Crossette, Maria K., Wilma Mankiller, Sylvia Peterson, Lynn Povich, Pat Schroeder, Gloria Steinem, Gloria Vaz, Betsy Wade, Diane Watson.

241
    “You walk into a meeting”: Levine and Lyons,
The Decade of Women,
226.
241
    “Helen, are you”: Ibid., 206.
242
    when Ruth Bader Ginsburg applied: Anderson,
The Movement and the Sixties,
339.
242
    The arbiters of fashion: Brownmiller,
In Our Time,
4.
242
    Jane O’Reilly, recalling: O’Reilly,
The Girl I Left Behind,
112–13.
242
    A “Stamp Out”: Baxandall and Gordon,
Dear Sisters,
40.
242
    A fashion report: Marylin Bender, “As Hemlines Go Up, Up, Up, Heels Go Down, Down, Down,”
New York Times,
January 27, 1966.
242
    And by the end: Nina Hyde, “Grown-Up Glamour,”
Washington Post,
May 1, 1978.
243
    Wilma Rudolph, a poor: See Rudolph,
Wilma
.
244
    “There was no doubt”: “The Fastest Female,”
Time,
September 19, 1960.
244
    the first time “in Clarksville’s”: Rudolph,
Wilma,
143.
244
    Altha Cleary, who attended: “Sports News,” United Press International, December 14, 1980.
244
    In 1966 Roberta: John Powers, “Going Route in ’66,”
Boston Globe,
April 13, 2007.
245
    The next year, Kathrine: John Powers, “In ’67, Switzer Was ‘Magellan’ in Sweats,”
Boston Globe,
April 13, 2007; Tony Chamberlain, “Feet First,”
Boston Globe,
April 16, 2006.
245
    “Little girl, you can’t”: Unless otherwise noted, the section on Billie Jean King is based on
A Necessary Spectacle
by Selena Roberts.
247
    “I want her”: Selena Roberts, “Tennis’s Other Battle of the Sexes,”
New York Times,
August 21, 2005.
247
    “She won’t admit it”: “How Bobby Riggs Runs and Talks, Talks, Talks,”
Time,
September 10, 1973.
247
    ABC paid: Ibid.
247
    “I thought it would”: Larry Schwartz, “Billie Jean Won for All Women,”
ESPN.com
.
247
    “Because of Billie Jean alone”: Curry Kirkpatrick, “There She Is, Ms. America,”
Sports Illustrated,
October 1, 1973.
248
    In Cedar Rapids: Noun,
More Strong-Minded Women,
77.
248
    The women at the University of Kansas: Cindy Luis, “Title IX,”
Honolulu Star-Bulletin,
June 2, 2002.
248
    Jane L., a ninth-grade: Levine and Lyons,
The Decade of Women,
71.
248
    the sum total of women’s: This information was provided by the Women’s Sports Foundation.
249
    Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan wrote: Blumenthal,
Let Me Play,
100.
249
    Since an average Big Ten: Cahn,
Coming on Strong,
250.
249
    When Congresswoman Pat: Schroeder,
24 Years of House Work,
37.
249
    Thanks to Title IX: Solomon,
In the Company of Educated Women,
204.
249
    The number of girls playing: Bailey and Farber,
America in the ’70s,
108.
249
    The Cedar Rapids Women’s Caucus: Noun,
More Strong-Minded Women,
78.
250
    “Second-class citizenship”: Cahn,
Coming on Strong,
251.
250
    In 1974 Kathryn: Levine and Lyons,
The Decade of Women,
14.
250
    Billie Jean King was the winner: Roberts,
A Necessary Spectacle,
66.
252
    And, of course, there was: Levine and Thom,
Bella Abzug.
252
    When Chisholm was appointed: Rick Hampson, “Shirley Chisholm Hoping to Be Remembered as Having ‘Guts,’ ” Associated Press, February 12, 1982.
253
    Millicent Fenwick, the inimitable: For background, see Amy Schapiro’s
Millicent Fenwick: Her Way.
253
    She managed to have: Couric,
Women Lawyers,
193.
254
    Molly Ivins, the great: Ivins,
Molly Ivins Can’t Say That,
18.
254
    “The whole world adopted”: This section is based on Pat Schroeder’s
24 Years of House Work… And the Place Is Still a Mess.
256
    In 1971 there were only: Cox,
Women State and Territorial Legislators,
328.
257
    One afternoon in 1972: Kunin,
Living a Political Life,
38.
257
    When some of them were invited: Ibid., 117.
258
    In 1974 Kunin went: Ibid., 182.
259
    “To our ear, it still”: William Safire, “On Language: Good-bye Sex, Hello Gender,”
New York Times Magazine,
August 5, 1984.
259
    In the same year: Georgia Dullea, “Birthday Celebration: Gloria Steinem at 50,”
New York Times,
May 24, 1984.
259
    In 1986 Paula Kassell: Betsy Wade, “Paula Kassell Always Took Women in New Directions,”
Women’s eNews,
December 6, 2002.
260
    After a childhood on Cherokee: This is based on Wilma Mankiller’s autobiography,
Mankiller.
261
    “I was so excited”: Roraback, “Women and the Connecticut Bar.”
261
    “In my criminal law”: Feigen,
Not One of the Boys,
5–6.
261
    “I liked it right away”: The section on women in the skilled-trade unions is based on Jane LaTour’s
Sisters in the Brotherhoods.
266
    Their battles began with Eulalie: Barry,
Femininity in Flight,
162–63.
266
    In another case in Miami: Ibid., 167.
266
    In 1971 National Airlines: Ibid., 176–84.
267
    “In professional terms”: Robertson,
The Girls in the Balcony,
101.
268
    At the
New York Times,
the last: Ibid., 133.
270
    The women at
Reader’s:
Ibid., 209.

11. WORK AND CHILDREN

Interviews: Barbara Arnold, Dana Arthur-Monteleone, Myrna Ten Bensel, John Brademas, Pat Buchanan, Jack Duncan, Alison Foster, Maria K., Faith Middleton, Walter Mondale, Martha Phillips, Vicki Cohn Pollard, Virginia Williams.

271
    “They sure do”: Felicity Barringer deconstructed this episode, “The Pancake Mix,” in the
New York Times,
October 9, 1994.
271
    In 1960, 62 percent: Coontz,
The Way We Really Are,
37.
271
    By the middle of the ’80s: U.S. Census, Married Couples by Labor Force Status of Spouses, 1986 to the Present.
272
    The competition of: Coontz,
Marriage,
259.
272
    In 1977
BusinessWeek:
Strasser,
Never Done,
301.
272
    While in 1970: Beth Bailey, “She ‘Can Bring Home the Bacon,’” in
America in the ’70s,
109.
272
    the government would note: Monthly Vital Statistics Report, National Center for Health Statistics, June 27, 1983.
273
    by 1976 the number of divorces: Ted Gest, “Divorce: How the Game Is Played Now,”
U.S. News and World Report,
November 21, 1983, 39.
274
    “It’s healthy for the”: Ibid.
274
    “At that time we were”: Friedan,
It Changed My Life,
415.
274
    In California, the average: Lenore Weitzman, “No-Fault Divorce,”
U.S. News and World Report,
November 4, 1985, 63.
274
    One study found that: Susan Faludi,
Backlash,
24.
274
    Minnette Doderer, who was: Noun,
More Strong-Minded Women,
166.
275
    Lenore Weitzman, a sociologist: Weitzman, “No-Fault Divorce,” 63.
276
    “My rage centers”: Leslie Bennetts, “Displaced Homemakers,”
New York Times,
June 15, 1979.
276
    The census-takers counted: Lynne M. Casper et al., “How Does POSSLQ Measure Up?” U.S. Bureau of the Census, May 1999.
276
    They were right: Faludi,
Backlash,
16.
276
    At Harvard Medical: Klass,
A Not Entirely Benign Procedure,
33.
277
    In 1976, for the first: Lawrence Feinberg, “Half of Black Children Born to Unmarried Women,”
Washington Post,
May 4, 1978.
277
    it was not until 1968 that the Supreme Court:
Levy v. Louisiana.
280
    “My friends are”: O’Reilly,
The Girl I Left Behind,
9.
281
    “I knew that I wanted”: Vicki Cohn Pollard, “The Five of Us,” in
Dear Sisters,
222–24.
282
    Robin Morgan, living: Morgan,
Saturday’s Child,
232.
282
    The estimates of the number: Miller,
The Hippies and American Values,
88.
282
    the thirty-member New World: Noun,
More Strong-Minded Women,
71.
282
    It had been discussed: For more information on this subject, see
The Grand Domestic Revolution
by Dolores Hayden.
283
    “The meal is as expensive”: Bellamy,
Looking Backward,
101.
283
    “What would shoes be like”: Ceplair,
Charlotte Perkins Gilman,
129–30.
284
    Madeleine Kunin, whose political: Kunin,
Living a Political Life,
113.
286
    Actually, the child-care: Cohen, “A Brief History of Federal Financing.”
288
    One reporter noted, in wonder: Chamberlin,
A Minority of Members,
317.
289
    “Seldom does a bill”: Robert Signer, “Child Services Bills Stir Storm,”
Chicago Daily News,
March 27, 1976.
289
    One letter writer: Judith Miller, “Someone Out There Hates Day Care,”
Harper’s Weekly,
March 22, 1976, 83.

Other books

I'm Judging You by Luvvie Ajayi
Ultimate Sports by Donald R. Gallo
The Witch is Dead by Shirley Damsgaard
What it is Like to Go to War by Marlantes, Karl
BrightBlueMoon by Ranae Rose
Cast in Stone by G. M. Ford
Salamander by Thomas Wharton
A Necessary Husband by Debra Mullins