Who Rules the World? (39 page)

6. IS AMERICA OVER?

1.   
   1
   . Elizabeth Becker, “Kissinger Tapes Describe Crises, War and Stark Photos of Abuse,”
   New York Times
   , 27 May 2004.
   

2.   
   2
   . John F. Kennedy, “The President and the Press,” (address before the American Newspaper Publishers Society, Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New York, NY, 27 April 1961)
   http://www.jfklibrary.org/Research/Research-Aids/JFK-Speeches/American-Newspaper-Publishers-Association_19610427.aspx
   .
   

3.   
   3
   . John F. Kennedy as quoted in Thomas G. Paterson, “Fixation with Cuba: The Bay of Pigs, Missile Crisis, and Covert War Against Castro,” in
   Kennedy’s Quest for Victory: American Foreign Policy, 1961–1963
   , ed. Thomas G. Paterson (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989), 136.
   

4.   
   4
   . Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky,
   Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media
   (New York: Pantheon, 1988), 183.
   

5.   
   5
   . Jimmy Carter: “The President’s News Conference,” March 24, 1977. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley,
   The American Presidency Project
   ,
   http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=7229
   .
   

6.   
   6
   . Suzanne Goldenberg, “Bush Commits Troops to Iraq for the Long Term,”
   Guardian
   (London), 26 November 2007. See also Guy Raz, “Long-Term Pact with Iraq Raises Questions,”
   Morning Edition
   , National Public Radio, 24 January 2008. For further analysis, see Noam Chomsky,
   Making the Future: Occupations, Interventions, Empire and Resistance
   (San Francisco: City Lights Books, 2012), 64–66; Charlie Savage, “Bush Asserts Authority to Bypass Defense Act,”
   Boston Globe
   , 30 January 2008.
   

7.   
   7
   . Joseph M. Parent and Paul K. MacDonald, “The Wisdom of Retrenchment,”
   Foreign Affairs
   90
   ,
   no. 6 (November/December 2011).
   

8.   
   8
   . Yosef Kuperwasser and Shalom Lipner, “The Problem Is Palestinian Rejectionism,”
   Foreign Affairs
   90, no. 6 (November/December 2011).
   

9.   
   9
   . Ronald R. Krebs, “Israel’s Bunker Mentality,”
   Foreign Affairs
   90, no. 6 (November/December 2011).
   

10. 10
    . Matthew Kroenig, “Time to Attack Iran,”
    Foreign Affairs
    90, no. 1 (January/February 2012).
    

11. 11
    . Xizhe Peng, “China’s Demographic History and Future Challenges,”
    Science
    333, no. 6042, 29 July 2011, 581–87.
    

12. 12
    . Daniel Yergin, “US Energy Is Changing the World Again,”
    Financial Times
    (London), 16 November 2012.
    

13. 13
    . Fiona Harvey, “World Headed for Irreversible Climate Change in Five Years, IEA Warns,”
    Guardian
    (London), 9 November 2011.
    

14. 14
    . “‘Monster’ Greenhouse Gas Levels Seen,” Associated Press
    ,
    3 November 2011.
    

15. 15
    . Noam Chomsky,
    Powers and Prospects
    (Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2015), 220.
    

16. 16
    . John W. Dower, “The Superdomino In and Out of the Pentagon Papers,” in
    The Pentagon Papers: The Senator Gravel Edition, Volume 5
    , eds. Noam Chomsky and Howard Zinn (Boston: Beacon Press, 1972), 101–42.
    

17. 17
    . Seymour Topping, “Slaughter of Reds Gives Indonesia a Grim Legacy,”
    New York Times
    , 24 August 1966.
    

18. 18
    . James Reston, “A Gleam of Light in Asia,”
    New York Times
    , 19 June 1966.
    

19. 19
    . David Sanger, “Why Suharto Is In and Castro Is Out,”
    New York Times
    , 31 October 1995.
    

20. 20
    . Noam Chomsky,
    Hegemony or Survival
    (New York: Henry Holt, 2003), 150.
    

21. 21
    . Alan J. Kuperman, “Obama’s Libya Debacle,”
    Foreign Affairs
    94, no. 2 (March/April 2015).
    

22. 22
    . Barbara Ferguson, “Israel Defies US on Illegal Settlements,”
    Arab News
    , 6 September 2006.
    

23. 23
    . Herb Keinon, “EU Condemns Building in Har Homa, Neveh Ya’akov, Pisgat Ze’ev,”
    Jerusalem Post
    , 6 February 2014.
    

24. 24
    . “U.S. Daily Warns of Threat of ‘Nasserite Virus’ to Moroccan, Algerian Jews,” Jewish Telegraphic Agency, 21 February 1961,
    http://www.jta.org/1961/02/21/archive/u-s-daily-warns-of-threat-of-nasserite-virus-to-moroccan-algerian-jews
    .
    

25. 25
    . Debbie Buchwald, “Israel’s High-Tech Boom,”
    inFocus Quarterly
    II, no.2 (Summer 2008).
    

26. 26
    . Noam Chomsky,
    Making the Future: Occupations, Interventions, Empire and Resistance
    (San Francisco: City Lights, 2012), 251.
    

27. 27
    . Peter Beaumont, “Israel Outraged as EU Poll Names It a Threat to Peace,”
    Guardian
    (London), 19 November 2003. The poll, conducted by Taylor Nelson Sofres/ EOS Gallup Europe, was conducted 8–16 October 2003.
    

28. 28
    . 2010 Arab Public Opinion Survey, Zogby International/Brookings Institution, 2010,
    http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/reports/2010/8/05-arab-opinion-poll-telhami/0805_arabic_opinion_poll_telhami.pdf
    .
    

29. 29
    . Ibid. In response to the question, “Name the two countries that you think pose the biggest threat to you,” Israel was named by 88 percent of respondents, the United States by 77 percent, and Iran by 9 percent among those aged thirty-six and over and 11 percent among those aged thirty-six and under.
    

30. 30
    . Scott Clement, “Iranian Threat: Public Prefers Sanctions over Bombs,”
    Washington Post
    , 14 March 2012; Steven Kull et al., “Public Opinion in Iran and America on Key International Issues, January 24, 2007: A
    WorldPublicOpinion.org
    Poll,”
    http://www.worldpublicopinion.org/pipa/pdf/jan07/Iran_Jan07_rpt.pdf
    .
    

31. 31
    . Department of Defense, “Unclassified Report on Military Power of Iran, April 2010,”
    http://www.politico.com/static/PPM145_link_042010.html
    .
    

32. 32
    . Gavan McCormack, “‘All Japan’ versus ‘All Okinawa’—Abe Shinzo’s Military-Firstism,”
    Asia-Pacific Journal
    13, issue 10, no. 4 (March 15, 2015).
    

33. 33
    . Paul Godwin, “Asia’s Dangerous Security Dilemma,”
    Current History
    109, no. 728 (September 2010): 264–66.
    

7. MAGNA CARTA, ITS FATE, AND OURS

1.   
   1
   . William Blackstone,
   The Great Charter and the Charter of the Forest
   (Oxford, 1759), held by the British Library.
   

2.   
   2
   . Winston S. Churchill,
   A History of the English Speaking Peoples, Volume 2: The New World
   (London: Bloomsbury, 2015).
   

3.   
   3
   . James Kendall Hosmer,
   The Life of Young Sir Henry Vane, Governor of Massachusetts Bay, and Leader of the Long Parliament: With a Consideration of the English Commonwealth as a Forecast of America
   (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1888), held by Cornell University Library, 462.
   

4.   
   4
   .
   The Famous Old Charter of Rhode Island, Granted by King Charles II, in 1663
   (Providence, RI: I. H. Cady, 1842). See also Wikipedia, “Rhode Island Royal Charter,”
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhode_Island_Royal_Charter
   .
   

5.   
   5
   . Peter Linebaugh,
   The Magna Carta Manifesto: Liberties and Commons for All
   (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009).
   

6.   
   6
   . Dudley Jones and Tony Watkins, eds.,
   A Necessary Fantasy?: The Heroic Figure in Children’s Popular Culture
   , (New York: Taylor and Francis, 2000).
   

7.   
   7
   . Emily Achtenberg, “From Water Wars to Water Scarcity: Bolivia’s Cautionary Tale,”
   NACLA Report on the Americas
   , 6 June 2013,
   https://nacla.org/blog/2013/6/5/water-wars-water-scarcity-bolivia%E2%80%99s-cautionary-tale
   .
   

8.   
   8
   . Randal C. Archibold, “El Salvador: Canadian Lawsuit over Mine Allowed to Proceed,”
   New York Times
   , 5 June 2012.
   

9.   
   9
   . Erin Banco, “Is Your Cell Phone Fueling Civil War in Congo?,”
   Atlantic
   , July 11, 2011.
   

10. 10
    . Garrett Hardin, “The Tragedy of the Commons,”
    Science
    162, no. 3859 13 December 1968, 1243–48.
    

11. 11
    . See Paul Corcoran, “John Locke on the Possession of Land: Native Title vs. the ‘Principle’ of
    Vacuum domicilium
    .” Paper presented at the Australian Political Studies Association Annual Conference, September 2007,
    https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/2440/44958/1/hdl_44958.pdf
    .
    

12. 12
    . Norman Ware,
    The Industrial Worker 1840–1860: The Reaction of American Industrial Society to the Advance of the Industrial Revolution
    (Chicago: Ivan Dee, 1990). This is a reprint of the first edition from 1924.
    

13. 13
    . Michael J. Sandel,
    Democracy’s Discontent: America in Search of a Public Philosophy
    (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 1996).
    

14. 14
    . Thorstein Veblen,
    The Theory of the Leisure Class: An Economic Study of Institutions
    (London: Macmillan, 1899).
    

15. 15
    . Clinton Rossiter and James Lare, eds.,
    The Essential Lippmann: A Political Philosophy for Liberal Democracy
    (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1982), 91–92; Edward Bernays,
    Propaganda
    (Brooklyn, NY: Ig Publishing, 2005).
    

16. 16
    . Scott Bowman,
    The Modern Corporation and American Political Thought: Law, Power, and Ideology
    (University Park: Penn State University Press, 1996), 133.
    

17. 17
    . Desmond King, “America’s Hidden Government: The Costs of a Submerged State,” review of
    The Submerged State: How Invisible Government Policies Undermine American Democracy
    , by Suzanne Mettler, in
    Foreign Affairs
    91, no. 3 (May/June 2012).
    

18. 18
    . Robert W. McChesney, “Public Scholarship and the Communications Policy Agenda,” in 
    … And Communications for All: A Policy Agenda for a New Administration
    , ed. Amit M. Schejter (New York: Lexington Books, 2009), 50.
    

19. 19
    . Ralph Waldo Emerson,
    The Prose Works of Ralph Waldo Emerson: In Two Volumes
    (Boston: Fields, Osgood, and Company, 1870).
    

20. 20
    . Michael Crozier, Samuel P. Huntington, and Joji Watanuke,
    The Crisis of Democracy: Report on the Governability of Democracies to the Trilateral Commission
    (New York: New York University Press, 1975),
    http://www.trilateral.org/download/doc/crisis_of_democracy.pdf
    .
    

21. 21
    . Margaret E. McGuinness, “Peace v. Justice: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Modern Origins of the Debate,”
    Diplomatic History
    35, no. 5 (November 2011), 749.
    

22. 22
    . William Blackstone,
    Commentaries on the Laws of England, Vol. 1
    (University of Chicago Press, 1979).
    

23. 23
    .
    Somerset v. Stewart
    , 1772, English Court of King’s Bench,
    http://www.commonlii.org/int/cases/EngR/1772/57.pdf
    .
    

24. 24
    . Samuel Johnson,
    Taxation No Tyranny; An Answer to the Resolutions and Address of the American Congress
    (London, 1775).
    

25. 25
    . Douglas Blackmon,
    Slavery by Another Name: The Re-Enslavement of Black Americans from the Civil War to World War II
    (New York: Anchor Books, 2009).
    

26. 26
    . Ian Cobain, “Revealed: How Blair Colluded with Gaddafi Regime in Secret,”
    Guardian
    (London), 23 January 2015; Benjamin Wieser, “Appeals Court Rejects Suit by Canadian Man over Detention and Torture Claim,”
    New York Times
    , 3 November 2009.
    

27. 27
    . Department of Justice, “Lawfulness of a Lethal Operation Directed Against a US Citizen Who Is a Senior Operational Leader of Al-Qa’ida or an Associated Force,” undated white paper released by NBC, 4 February 2013.
    

28. 28
    . Anthony Shadid and David D. Kirkpatrick, “As the West Celebrates a Cleric’s Death, the Mideast Shrugs,”
    New York Times
    , 1 October 2011.
    

29. 29
    . Jo Becker and Scott Shane, “Secret ‘Kill List’ Proves a Test of Obama’s Principles and Will,”
    New York Times
    , 29 May 2012.
    

30. 30
    .
    Convention (IV) Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War
    , Article 3, Geneva, 12 August 1949,
    https://www.icrc.org/applic/ihl/ihl.nsf/Article.xsp?action=openDocument&documentId=A4E145A2A7A68875C12563CD0051B9AE
    .
    

31. 31
    . Matthew Yglesias, “International Law Is Made by Powerful States,”
    ThinkProgress
    , 13 May 2011.
    

32. 32
    . Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project, 561 U.S. 1 (2010),
    http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/09pdf/08-1498.pdf
    .
    

33. 33
    . Paul Beckett, “Shutdown of Al Barakaat Severs Lifeline for Many Somalia Residents,”
    Wall Street Journal
    , 4 December 2001.
    

34. 34
    . Ibrahim Warde,
    The Price of Fear: The Truth Behind the Financial War on Terror
    (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2007), 101–02.
    

35. 35
    . Ibid., 102.
    

36. 36
    . Nnimmo Bassey,
    To Cook a Continent: Destructive Extraction and Climate Crisis in Africa
    (Oxford: Pambazuka Press, 2012), 25.
    

37. 37
    . Melvyn P. Leffler,
    A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration, and the Cold War
    (Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, 1993), 144.
    

38. 38
    . John M. Broder, “Bashing E.P.A. Is New Theme in G.O.P. Race,”
    New York Times
    , 17 August 2011.
    

39. 39
    . “57% Favor Use of ‘Fracking’ to Find More US Oil and Gas,” Rasmussen Reports, 26 March 2012,
    http://www.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/business/gas_oil/march_2012/57_favor_use_of_fracking_to_find_more_u_s_oil_and_gas
    ; “Who’s Holding Us Back: How Carbon-Intensive Industry Is Preventing Effective Climate Change Legislation,” report by Greenpeace, November 2011,
    http://www.greenpeace.org/international/Global/international/publications/climate/2011/391%20-%20WhosHoldingUsBack.pdf
    .
    

40. 40
    . “Remarks by the President in State of the Union Address,” White House Office of the Press Secretary, 24 January 2012,
    https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2012/01/24/remarks-president-state-union-address
    .
    

41. 41
    . Guy Chazan, “US on Path to Energy Self-Sufficiency,”
    Financial Times
    (London), 18 January 2012.
    

42. 42
    . Full texts of the People’s Agreement and Universal Declaration can be found at
    https://pwccc.wordpress.com/programa/
    .