1912 (50 page)

Sladen, W. J. L., Menzie, C. M., Reichel, W. L. 1966. DDT residues in Adelie penguins and a crabeater seal from Antarctica.
Nature
210: 670–673.

Anonymous. 1914. Sir E. Shackleton and his expedition: Plan may be ‘spectacular'.
Manchester Guardian
10 February.

Anonymous. 1913. The Antarctic: Funds for the Shackleton Expedition.
The Times
31 December: 61.

For a taste of what it's like in the field, follow me on twitter (@ProfChris-Turney) and on YouTube (
www.youtube.com/christurney
). Details of future expeditions will be posted at
www.christurney.com
.

Many wonderful groups are bringing science and the public together. Two standouts are Earthwatch Worldwide (
www.earthwatch.org
) and Raleigh International (
www.raleighinternational.org
).

Great work is also being done on South Georgia, where rats brought to the islands by whaling and sealing ships in the past are threatening native wildlife once again. As the glaciers retreat, overland routes are now opening up between peninsulas, allowing previously isolated rat populations to expand across the island into the few remaining areas that had been rodent-free.

The South Georgia Heritage Trust (
www.sght.org
) has instigated the largest rat-eradication program ever attempted, costing millions of dollars. Phase 1 is now complete and has been a success. If you would like to help finish the job by supporting Phase 2, find out more at the SGHT website.

Adelie Land
225
,
227
,
236

Adelie penguins
91
,
161–2

Admiralty Range
152

aerial photographs
32

aeroplanes
223

Ainsworth, George
224
,
235

Aladdin's Cave
245

albatrosses
161

alcohol
123
,
199
,
248

Alexandra Mountains
165

American Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station
296

American expeditions
13
,
19
,
69–70
,
79
,
226–7

American Geographical Society
174
,
205

Amundsen, Leon
109
,
115
,
121
,
285

Amundsen, Roald
4
,
84
,
285

on
Belgica
27
,
105–6

and Campbell
86

diary entries
123
,
129–30

early life
105–6

and Edwards
112–13

health of
131

in Japan
173

and Johansen
123–4

as leader
123–4
,
131–2

lectures by
135–6

and Markham
139
,
262–3

and Nansen
114–15
,
139–40

North Geographic Pole expedition
108–9
,
140

Northwest Passage expedition
106–8

and publicity
133–42

and RGS
98–9
,
121
,
137
,
140–1

and Scott
97
,
114–15
,
135–6
,
262

sketches
128

South Pole
117
,
136–8
,
299

and Wilson
103

Amundsen's Norwegian Antarctic expedition
84
,
102–3
,
218

date reached
130

dogs
110
,
122
,
124–5
,
128
,
132
,
141

journey to pole
124–31

King Edward VII Land work
124

location measurements
125–7

meets German Antarctic Expedition (Filchner)
186

meets Shirase's Japanese expedition
162–3

meets
Terra Nova
expedition
86
,
120–1

newspaper rights
121
,
132–3

oceanography
115
,
137

preparations
110–17
,
118–19

publicity after
132–6

return to Framheim
123–4
,
131–2

start out
122–3
,
124–5

weather observations
117–18
,
119–20
,
129–30
,
136

Antarctic Andes
179
,
182
,
191
,
269
,
270
,
274

Antarctic Circle
2–3
,
22

Antarctic Circumpolar Current
278

Antarctic Committee of Enquiry
287

Antarctic Convergence
190–1

Antarctic Expedition Supporters' Association
147
,
173

Antarctic Manual
(Markham)
31
,
44

Antarctic Surface Water
190–1

Antarctic Treaty
283

Antarctica
3
,
27
,
268–9

land bridge
44–5
,
232
,
234–6
,
274–5

place names
40–1
,
270

see also
Terra Australis Incognita

Antarctica Research
170–1

Antarktikos
3–4

Arctowski, Henryk
37
,
110

Armitage, Albert
31
,
36–7
,
52–3

Arrol-Johnston motorcar
55
,
56–7

Auckland Islands
202

Aurora
217–18
,
229
,
245–6
,
253

Aurora Australis
49
,
251–3

Australasian Antarctic Expedition (AAE)

dogs
241
,
242

Far Eastern Party
240–7

Far Western Party
229
-31,
248
,
267

funding
215–16
,
217–18
,
221–3
,
253

geological samples
241
,
248

Macquarie Island base
224–6
,
249

magnetic observations
220
,
237–9
,
248
,
255–6

oceanography
232
,
235–6

plans
218–21

publicity after
253–8

scientific observations
239
,
295–6

second winter
246–7

Southern Party
247–8

supplies
242
,
244
,
248

team
217
,
220
,
241

team relationships
239–40

voyage down
223–5
,
227–8

weather observations
236–7
,
244–5
,
248
,
255
,
266–7

Western Party
248

Wild's base
229–30
,
253

Wild's team
246

Winter Quarters
228–9
,
236–7
,
253

Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science
35
,
214–15

Australian government
221

Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions
282

Axel Heiberg Glacier
129
,
171
,
269

Bage, Robert
247–8
,
284

Balloon Bight
32
,
46–7
,
86

balloons
89–90

Bay of Whales
47
,
115
,
117
,
169
,
172

Beacon Sandstone
62
,
88
,
269

Beardmore Glacier
62
,
65
,
100
,
271
,
272–3

Beardmore, William
38
,
41
,
55

Beattie, J. W.
135

Beaufoy
13

Beaumont, Lewis
288–9

Belgian Antarctic Expedition
27
,
249

Belgica
expedition
27
,
75
,
105–6
,
187–8

Berlin Geographical Society
179

Bernacchi, Louis
28
,
75–6

Bickerton, Frank
249
,
251
,
252

biological samples
48
,
161
,
219
,
296

Bjaaland, Olav
131
,
134

Bjövik, Paul
196

Blijde Boodschap
9

boots
54–5
,
164
,
242

Borchgrevink, Carsten
27–8
,
55
,
77
,
114
,
236

Borchgrevink's expedition
27–8
,
66
,
68
,
219

Bowers, Henry Robertson
94–5
,
102
,
260

Bransfield, Edward
12

Brennecke, Wilhelm
183
,
200
,
209–11

British Antarctic Expedition (BAE)
39–40
,
45
,
111

see also
Nimrod
expedition (BAE)

British Antarctic expeditions
4
,
12
,
25–6
,
27–8
,
38

see also
Borchgrevink's expedition
;
Discovery
expedition
;
National Antarctic Expedition
;
Nimrod
expedition (BAE)
;
Terra Nova
expedition

British Association for the Advancement of Science in Australia
284

British, Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE)
286

British government
22
,
41
,
42
,
68
,
108
,
221

British Scott Polar Research Institute
282

Brown, Rudmose
263

Bruce, Wilfrid
148

Bruce, William Speirs
30
,
142
,
178
,
182
,
232
,
234–5

Buckley Island
271
,
273

Burberry
54
,
107

Butcher's Shop
128

Byrd, Richard
174

Campbell, John
2

Campbell, Victor
85–6
,
117
,
121

Canadian coastline
21–2

Cape Adare
28
,
76–7
,
218–19

Cape Crozier
32
,
94–5

Cape Denison
228
,
240
,
248–9

Cape Disappointment
189

Cape Evans
85
,
100

Cape Royds
47

carbon dioxide
277

Carmen Land
137–8
,
142
,
207–8
,
269

Carnegie Institute of Washington
112–13
,
220

Challenger
,
HMS
22
,
187
,
188

Cherry-Garrard, Apsley
78–9
,
91
,
94–5
,
100
,
125
,
261
,
287
,
292
,
298

Chishima Islands
145–6

Chree, Charles
74
,
220

Christiania Geographical Society
50

chronometers
101–2
,
126
,
127

Clarence and Richmond Examiner
154

climate
74–6
,
265–7

clothing
53–5
,
96
,
107
,
164

Clyde
224

coal
62
,
65
,
271–2

Coats Land
137
,
178
,
207

Commonwealth Bay
228
,
245
,
246
,
254

Company Islands
268

compasses
14–16
,
18
,
20
,
58–9
,
81
,
127

Cook, Frederick
27
,
69–70
,
109–10
,
138–9

Cook, James
10–11
,
189

cookers
53
,
119

Crean, Tom
101

Curzon, Lord
24
,
140
,
141
,
174
,
262
,
287–9
,
291

Daily Chronicle
121
,
133
,
136
,
291–3

Daily Mail
64
,
216
,
259

Daily Telegraph
155
,
157

Daini Hoko-maru
149

Dana, James Dwight
233

Darwin, Charles
43–4
,
167–8

Darwin, Leonard
64
,
71
,
121