Austerity Britain, 1945–51 (102 page)

2.
Adrian Turner,
Robert Bolt
(1998), p 69; Mervyn Jones,
Chances
(1987), p 114; Steve Parsons, ‘British “McCarthyism” and the Intellectuals’, in Jim Fyrth (ed),
Labour’s Promised Land?
(1995), pp 227–31; Phillip Deery, ‘“The Secret Battalion”’,
Contemporary British History
(Winter 1999), p 20.

3.
Bernard Donoughue and G. W. Jones,
Herbert Morrison
(1973), p 403; Morgan,
Labour
, p 121;
Coventry Evening Telegraph
, 17 May 1948; Asa Briggs,
Michael
Young
(Basingstoke, 2001), pp 81–2; Gaitskell, p 72.

4.
James Lees-Milne,
Caves of Ice
(Faber edn, 1984), p 192; M-O A, TC 25/17/I; M-O A, D 5353, 10 Aug 1947; Kenneth Harris,
Attlee
(1982), p 346; Lees-Milne,
Caves
, p 197; John Fforde,
The Bank of England and Public Policy,
1941
–
1958 (Cambridge, 1992), p 157.

5.
Wisden Cricketers’ Almanack,
1948 (1948), p 227;
Financial Times
, 21 Aug 1947; Speed, 28 Aug 1947; Lees-Milne,
Caves
, p 208; St John, 28 Aug 1947.

6.
For a helpful overview of the whole question of planning vis-à-vis Keynesianism in 1947/8, see: Jim Tomlinson,
Democratic Socialism and Economic Policy
(Cambridge, 1997), chap 10.

7.
Stephen Brooke, ‘Problems of “Socialist Planning”’,
Historical Journal
, 34/(1991), pp 687–702; Chris Wrigley, ‘Trade Union Development 1945–79’, in Wrigley (ed),
A History of British Industrial Relations,
1939
–
1979 (Cheltenham, 1996), p 77;
New
Statesman
, 18 Oct 1947; Nick Tiratsoo, ‘Labour and the Reconstruction of Hull, 1945–51’, in Tiratsoo (ed),
The Attlee Years
(1991), p 137.

8.
Coventry Evening Telegraph
, 9 Jun 1947, 22 May 1948.

9.
Patrick Dunleavy,
The Politics of Mass Housing in Britain,
1945
–
1975 (Oxford, 1981), p 260;
Manchester Guardian
, 19 Apr 1948; Steen Eiler Rasmussen,
London
(1948), p 426;
Journal of the Town Planning Institute
(Jul–Aug 1948), p 151; James Lansdale Hodson,
Thunder in the Heavens
(1950), p 105.

10
. J. B. Priestley,
The Linden Tree
(1948), pp 62–3; Vincent Brome,
Aneurin Bevan
(1953), pp 1–3.

11
. Tony Benn,
Years of Hope
(1994), pp 125–7;
Horizon
(Jul 1947), p 1;
The Letters
of Sidney and Beatrice Webb, Volume III
(Cambridge, 1978), p 465; Philip M. Williams,
Hugh Gaitskell
(1979), p 141.

12
. Steven Fielding et al,
‘England Arise!’
(Manchester, 1995), p 172; Jeremy Nuttall, ‘“Psychological Socialist”, “Militant Moderate”’,
Labour History Review
(Aug 2003), pp 247–8; Stephen Brooke, ‘Evan Durbin’,
Twentieth Century British History
7/1 (1996), p 51.

13
. Streat, pp 414, 419; Ben Pimlott,
Harold Wilson
(1992), p 111; David Howell, ‘Wilson and History’,
Twentieth Century British History
, 4/2 (1993), p 180.

14
. This account of the Conservative Party’s post-1945 remaking of policy owes much to Harriet Jones, ‘“New Conservatism?”’, in Becky Conekin et al (eds),
Moments
of Modernity
(1999), pp 171–88.

15
. Bertrand de Jouvenel,
Problems of Socialist England
(1949), p 23; Margaret Thatcher,
The Path to Power
(1995), p 48;
My Dear Max: The Letters of Brendan Bracken
to Lord Beaverbrook,
1925
–
1958 (1990), p 58; Conservative Party,
The Industrial
Charter
(popular edn, 1947), p 4;
Spectator
, 16 May 1947, 10 Oct 1947;
The Times
, 3 Oct 1947. Also for the Brighton conference, see: Anthony Howard,
RAB
(1987), pp 156–7.

16. Jones, ‘“New Conservatism?”’, pp 177–8, 187; Reginald Maudling,
Memoirs
(1978), p 45; Scott Kelly, ‘Ministers Matter’,
Contemporary British History
(Winter 2000), pp 38–9; Headlam, p 526.

17
. M-O A, FR 2516; Lees-Milne,
Caves
, p 241.

11 Ain’t She Lovely?

1.
John Barnes,
Ahead of His Age
(1979), pp 402, 410; W. R. Matthews,
Memories
and Meanings
(1969), p 310;
Sunday Pictorial
, 19/26 Oct 1947;
The Times
, 16 Sept 1972.

2.
Sunday Pictorial
, 12 Jan 1947; Robert Lacey,
Majesty
(Sphere edn, 1978), p 200;
Times
, 15 Nov 1997; Speed, 10 Jul 1947; Philip Ziegler,
Crown and People
(1978), pp 82–3; James Lees-Milne,
Caves of Ice
(Faber edn, 1984), p 246; James Lansdale Hodson,
Thunder in the Heavens
(1950), pp 61–2; Nick Clarke,
The Shadow of a
Nation
(2003), p 19; Headlam, p 533; Golden, 28 Nov 1947; Hodgson, 18 Jan 1948.

3. Gaitskell, p 62;
Daring to Hope: The Diaries and Letters of Violet Bonham Carter,
1946
–
1969 (2000), p 46; Streat, pp 444–5; Harold Nicolson,
The Later Years,
1945
–
1962
: Diaries and Letters, Volume III
(1968), pp 142–3, 148.

4.
Nick Tiratsoo, ‘Popular Politics, Affluence and the Labour Party in the 1950s’, in Anthony Gorst et al (eds),
Contemporary British History,
1931
–
1961 (1991), p 53; Uttin, 2 Dec 1947; Speed, 18 Sept 1947, 13 Oct 1947; Lees-Milne,
Caves
, p 239; Susan Cooper, ‘Snoek Piquante’, in Michael Sissons and Philip French (eds),
Age
of Austerity
(Oxford, 1986), p 40;
Listener
, 3 Jun 1948.

5.
Daily Express
, 16 Apr 1947; BBC WA,
Woman’s Hour
, 14 Oct 1947; King, 22 May 1948; Martin Westlake,
Kinnock
(2001), p 16; Heap, 17 Oct 1947; Golden, 13 Jan 1948.

6.
News Chronicle
, 19 Apr 1948;
The New Yorker
, 19 Jun 1948;
The Selected Letters
of Tennessee Williams, Volume II
(2006), p 198; Raynham, 2 Jul 1947; Melanie Tebbutt,
Women’s Talk?
(Aldershot, 1995), p 74;
Punch
, 15/22/29 Oct 1947, 5/12 Nov 1947;
British Medical Journal
, 29 Nov 1947; Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska,
Austerity in Britain
(Oxford, 2000), pp 222–3.

7.
Enid Palmer letters (Department of Documents, Imperial War Museum), 4/14/16/24 Apr 1948; Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska, ‘Consensus and Consumption’, in Harriet Jones and Michael Kandiah (eds),
The Myth of Consensus
(Basingstoke, 1996), pp 89, 95; Richard Hoggart,
The Uses of Literacy
(1957), p 37.

8.
Christina Hardyment,
Slice of Life
(1995), p 31; Hodson,
Thunder
, p 66;
Barnsley
Chronicle
, 13 Dec 1947; M-O A, Directives for Jan 1948, Replies; Preston, 19 Feb 1948; M-O A, Directives for Jan 1948, Replies;
Spivs’ Gazette
, Mar 1948. In general on the black market, in addition to Zweiniger-Bargielowska,
Austerity in Britain
, chap 4, see: Edward Smithies,
The Black Economy in England since
1914 (Dublin, 1984); Mark Roodhouse, ‘Popular Morality and the Black Market in Britain, 1939– 55’, in Frank Trentmann and Flemming Just,
Food and Conflict in Europe in the
Age of the Two World Wars
(Basingstoke, 2006).

9.
Kathryn A. Morrison,
English Shops and Shopping
(New Haven, 2003), pp 239, 275, 276; David Powell,
Counter Revolution
(1991), p 66;
Store
(Feb 1948), p 20;
Co-operative News
, 17 Jan 1948, 13 Mar 1948;
Dictionary of Business Biography,
Volume
3 (1985), pp 475–9.

10
.
Vogue
(Oct 1947), p 37; Pearson Phillips, ‘The New Look’, in Sissons and French (eds),
Age of Austerity
, pp 129–30, 132–4;
The New Yorker
, 24 Jan 1948; Langford, 24 Apr 1948; Golden, 28 Apr 1948; Theo Aronson,
Princess Margaret
(1997), pp 106–7; M-O A, FR 3095.

11
. Angela Partington, ‘The Days of the New Look’, in Jim Fyrth (ed),
Labour’s
Promised Land?
(1995), p 252;
Independent
, 14 Jan 2002; Carolyn Steedman,
Landscape
for a Good Woman
(1986), pp 12, 28.

12
. Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska, ‘Rationing, Austerity and the Conservative Party Recovery after 1945’,
Historical Journal
, 37/(1994), p 180; Roy Lewis and Angus Maude,
The English Middle Classes
(1949), pp 213–14;
Economist
, 3 Jan 1948;
Listener
, 3 Jun 1948.

13
.
The Diaries of Evelyn Waugh
(1976), p 689; C. R. Perry, ‘In Search of H.V. Morton,’
Twentieth Century British History
, 10/(1999), p 453; David Kynaston,
The City
of London, Volume IV
(2001), pp 24–5; John Brophy,
The Mind’s Eye
(1949), pp 64–5.

14. Hodson,
Thunder
, pp 16, 29, 83, 216; John Turner, ‘A Land Fit for Tories to Live In’,
Contemporary European History
, 4/2 (1995), p 193;
New Statesman
, 12 Jun 1948; Langford, 2 May 1947.

15
. Frances Partridge,
Everything to Lose
(1985), p 57; Denis Gifford,
The Golden Age
of Radio
(1985), p 179; Terry Hallett,
Bristol’s Forgotten Empire
(Westbury, 2000), p 155;
The Kenneth Williams Diaries
(1993), pp 20–21;
Aldershot News
, 6 Feb 1948; Roger Lewis,
The Life and Death of Peter Sellers
(1994), p 108;
Daily Express
, 7 May 1948.

16
.
Accrington Observer
, 14/17 Feb 1948; Rogan Taylor and Andrew Ward,
Kicking
and Screaming
(1995), p 37.

17
. Hodson,
Thunder
, p 116; Preston, 9 Apr 1948; Gaitskell, p 69.

18
. Langford, 19 Jun 1947;
Daily Telegraph
, 1 Aug 2002 (Higgins obituary);
Horizon
(Dec 1947), p 300;
News Chronicle
, 24 May 1948; Brown, 1/16, 18 Feb 1948; Richard Davenport-Hines,
The Pursuit of Oblivion
(2001), p 298.

19
. Headlam, pp 552–3; Kenneth O. Morgan,
Callaghan
(Oxford, 1997), p 85;
Sunday Pictorial
, 18 Apr 1948; Langford, 4 May 1948;
News Chronicle
, 24 May 1948; Fenton Bresler,
Lord Goddard
(1977), p 182; Hartley Shawcross,
Life
Sentence
(1995), p 168.

20
. David Renton, ‘Not Just Economics but Politics as Well’,
Labour History Review
(Summer 2000), p 174; Richard Weight,
Patriots
(2002), p 83; Kynaston,
City
, p 223. .

21. K. L. Little,
Negroes in Britain
(1948), p 243; Anthony H. Richmond,
Colour
Prejudice in Britain
(1954), pp 76–7; E. R. Braithwaite,
To Sir, With Love
(1959), pp 36–49; G. K. Evans,
Public Opinion on Colonial Affairs
(The Social Survey, Jun 1948), pp ii–iv.

22
. Kathleen Paul, ‘The Politics of Citizenship in Post-War Britain’,
Contemporary Record
(Winter 1992), pp 464, 467; Clive Harris, ‘Post-war Migration and the Industrial Reserve Army’, in Winston James and Clive Harris (eds),
Inside Babylon
(1993), pp 21–2.

23
. Randall Hansen, ‘The Politics of Citizenship in 1940s Britain’,
Twentieth Century
British History
, 10/1 (1999), pp 87–8.

24
. David Watson, ‘Research Note’,
Historical Studies in Industrial Relations
(Mar 1996), p 157;
Hansard
, 8 Jun 1948, col 1851; Harris, ‘Migration’, pp 23, 24–5; Hansen, ‘Politics’, p 90; Paul, ‘Politics of Citizenship’, p 456.