Citizen Emperor (174 page)
Authors: Philip Dwyer
116
. Parquin,
Souvenirs
, p. 207.
117
. Berlier,
Précis de la vie politique
, p. 112.
118
. Tourtier-Bonazzi,
Lettres d’amour à Joséphine
, pp. 359–70; Chevallier and Pincemaille,
L’impératrice Joséphine
, pp. 343–4.
16 : Bourgeois Emperor, Universal Emperor
| 1 . | Lentz, Nouvelle histoire du Premier Empire , i. pp. 502–5. |
| 2 . | The meeting is in Cambacérès, Mémoires inédites , ii. pp. 326–9; Talleyrand, Mémoires , ii. pp. 7–10; Alfred-Auguste Ernouf, Maret, duc de Bassano (Paris, 1878), pp. 275–7. |
| 3 . | Cambacérès, Mémoires inédites , ii. p. 327; Fouché, Mémoires , i, pp. 401, 404–9; Beugnot, Mémoires , i. pp. 425–6. |
| 4 . | Hauterive, La police secrète du premier Empire , v. p. 326 (21 February 1810). |
| 5 . | Pillard, Louis Fontanes , p. 238. |
| 6 . | Cambacérès, Mémoires inédites , ii. p. 328. |
| 7 . | Talleyrand, Mémoires , i. pp. 447–8. |
| 8 . | Elisabeth to Alexander (29 August/10 September 1807), Nikolaï Mikhaïlovitch (ed.), L’impératrice Elisabeth, épouse d’Alexandre Ier , 3 vols (St Petersburg, 1908–9), ii. p. 253. On Ekaterina see Martin, Romantics, Reformers, Reactionaries , pp. 51–2; Maistre, Oeuvres complètes , xi. pp. 163–4. |
| 9 . | Björnstjerna (ed.), Mémoires du comte de Stedingk , ii. p. 356 (10 October 1807); J. Merkle, Katharina Pawlowna, Königin von Württemberg, Beiträge zu einer Lebensbeschreibung der Fürstin (Stuttgart, 1889), pp. 9–19. |
| 10 . | Adams (ed.), Memoirs of John Quincy Adams , ii. p. 93 (9 January 1810). |
| 11 . | Björnstjerna (ed.), Mémoires du comte de Stedingk , ii. p. 414 (7 December 1807). |
| 12 . | Mikhaïlovitch (ed.), L’impératrice Elisabeth , ii. p. 211; Mikhaïlovitch (ed.), Correspondance de l’empereur Alexandre Ier avec sa soeur la grande-duchesse Catherine , pp. xxi, 27; Martin, Maria Féodorovna , pp. 166–9. |
| 13 . | Caulaincourt, Mémoires , i. pp. 89–90. |
| 14 . | Martin, Romantics, Reformers, Reactionaries , p. 51. |
| 15 . | Lecestre (ed.), Lettres inédites , ii. pp. 15–16 (26 February 1810). |
| 16 . | On the theatre see David Chaillou, ‘L’annonce du mariage dans les spectacles parisiens’, in Thierry Lentz (ed.), 1810: le tournant de l’Empire (Paris, 2010), pp. 23–35. |
| 17 . | Arthur-Léon Imbert de Saint-Amand, Les beaux jours de l’impératrice Marie-Louise: les femmes des Tuileries (Paris, 1885), pp. 113–15. |
| 18 . | Jean-Paul Bled, ‘Le renversement des alliances’, in Lentz (ed.), 1810: le tournant de l’Empire , p. 19 . |
| 19. | Michael Rowe, ‘France, Prussia, or Germany? The Napoleonic Wars and the Shifting Allegiances in the Rhineland’, Central European History , 39 (2006), 611–40, here 622. |
| 20 . | Arthur Chuquet (ed.), Souvenirs du baron de Frénilly, pair de France (1768–1828) (Paris, 1908), p. 324. |
| 21 . | Maistre, Mémoires politiques et correspondance diplomatique , pp. 348–9; Geoffroy de Grandmaison, Napoléon et les cardinaux noirs (1810–1814) (Paris, 1895), p. 40. |
| 22 . | Martin, Romantics, Reformers, Reactionaries , p. 50. |
| 23 . | See Caulaincourt, Memoirs , i. pp. 112–13; Vandal, Napoléon et Alexandre , ii. pp. 288–9; Adam Zamoyski, 1812: Napoleon’s Fatal March on Moscow (London, 2004), p. 58; Rey, Alexandre Ier , pp. 264–5. |
| 24 . | Frédéric Masson, L’impératrice Marie-Louise: 1809–1815 (Paris, 1902), p. 41. Metternich’s assertion that the proposal came as a complete surprise in 1810 and that it was never mentioned either before or after the Peace of Vienna is simply unfounded (Metternich, Mémoires , i. pp. 95–7). |
| 25 . | Pasquier, Mémoires , i. pp. 337–9. |
| 26 . | A theory proposed by Gotteri, Napoléon , pp. 144–5. |
| 27 . | Kraehe, Metternich’s German Policy , i. p. 124. |
| 28 . | Kraehe, Metternich’s German Policy , i. p. 124. |
| 29 . | See, for example, Cobenzl to Stadion, in Beer, ‘Österreich und Russland in den Jahren 1804 und 1805’, 214 (1 April 1804). |
| 30 . | Metternich, Mémoires , ii. pp. 376–84. |
| 31 . | Metternich, Mémoires , i. p. 97. |
| 32 . | Constantin de Grunwald, ‘Le mariage de Napoléon et de Marie-Louise’, Revue des Deux Mondes , 38 (1937), 343–7. |
| 33 . | Lentz, Nouvelle histoire du Premier Empire , i. p. 504. |
| 34 . | Branda, Napoléon et ses hommes , pp. 353–4. |
| 35 . | Lecestre (ed.), Lettres inédites , ii. pp. 15–16 (26 February 1810). |
| 36 . | Leferme-Falguières, Les courtisans , pp. 82–3. |
| 37 . | On the imperial court see Jean Tulard, ‘La cour de Napoléon Ier’, in Karl Ferdinand Werner (ed.), Hof, Kultur und Politik im 19. Jahrhundert (Bonn, 1985), pp. 55–9. On etiquette Jeroen Duindam, ‘Ceremony at Court: Reflections on an Elusive Subject’, Francia , 26:2 (1999), 131–40. |
| 38 . | According to Frédéric Masson, L’impératrice Marie-Louise (Paris, 1902), pp. 22–3; Françoise Darle, Au temps de Napoléon Bonaparte (Paris, 1961), p. 100. |
| 39 . | Masson, L’impératrice Marie-Louise , p. 52; Irmgard Schiel, Marie-Louise: une Habsbourg pour Napoléon , trans. from the German by Jacques Dumont (Paris, 1998), p. 98. |
| 40 . | Claude-François de Méneval, Napoléon et Marie-Louise: souvenirs historiques de M. le baron Méneval , 3 vols (Paris, 1844–5), i. pp. 242–3; Schiel, Marie-Louise , pp. 27–9. |
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