Civil War: The History of England Volume III (74 page)
Read Civil War: The History of England Volume III Online
Authors: Peter Ackroyd
Baillie, Robert,
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,
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,
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,
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Balfour, Sir William,
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Bancroft, Richard: bishop of London,
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; archbishop of Canterbury,
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,
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,
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Baptists,
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Barbados,
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Barebone, Isaac Praise-God,
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‘Barebone’s Parliament’,
see under
Parliament
Barkstead, Colonel John,
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baron, Hartgill,
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Barrington, Thomas and Judith,
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Bastwick, John,
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,
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,
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;
The Litany of John Bastwick
,
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Bate, John,
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Batten, Sir William,
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Baxter, Richard,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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Bedford, Francis Russell, 4th earl of,
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,
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,
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Bennet, Thomas,
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Bentinck, Willem (
later
1st earl of Portland),
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Berkeley, George, 1st earl of,
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Berkley, Sir John,
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Berulle, Father,
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Berwick: peace treaty negotiated (1639),
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,
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Bethlehem Hospital,
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Bible, Holy: King James version,
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,
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Bide, Sir Thomas,
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Birch, Colonel John,
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Bishop, Captain,
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bishops: in Lords,
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; threatened,
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; bill of exclusion from parliament,
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Bishops’ War: First (1639),
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,
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; Second (1640),
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Blackstone, Sir William:
Commentaries on the Laws of England
,
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Blackwall, Essex,
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Blake, Admiral Robert,
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,
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Bloody Assizes (1685),
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Bombay: as part of Catherine of Braganza’s dowry,
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Bond, John,
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Book of Common Prayer: puritans ordered to conform to,
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,
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; replaced by Directory of Worship,
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,
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; and Act of Uniformity (1661),
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books: publication and control,
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,
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,
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,
ref4
Boteler, Major-General William,
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Bothwell Bridge, battle of (1679),
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Boyle, Robert,
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;
Hydrostatical Paradoxes
,
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Bradshaw, John,
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Breda, Netherlands,
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,
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,
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,
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; declaration of (1660),
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,
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Brentford, Middlesex,
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Bright, Ellen,
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Brislington, Somerset,
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Bristol: Prince Rupert captures and secures,
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,
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; falls to parliamentarians,
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Bristol, John Digby, 1st earl of,
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,
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,
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Broderick, Allan,
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Brooke, Robert Greville, 2nd baron,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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‘Brothers of the Blade, The’ (dialogue),
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Buckingham, George Villiers, 1st duke of: as James I’s favourite,
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,
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,
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,
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; titles,
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,
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; dancing,
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; uses sedan chair,
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; supposed influence on James I,
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; trip to Spain to make marriage arrangements for Prince Charles,
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,
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; mother converts to Catholicism,
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; hatred of Spain,
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; Spanish envoys accuse of conspiring against James,
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; and power of parliament,
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; urges alliance with France against Spain,
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; final letter from James,
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; as principal councillor for Charles I,
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; escorts Henrietta Maria from Paris,
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; incompetence at Breda,
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; parliament criticizes,
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,
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,
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; Protestantism,
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; unpopularity,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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; mismanages Cadiz expedition,
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; impeachment,
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; residence struck by ‘water-pillar’,
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; Charles orders to expel Queen’s French attendants,
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; sends naval expedition against France,
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; military failures,
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; parliamentary remonstrance against,
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; and death of Dr Lambe,
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; plans relief of La Rochelle,
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; stabbed to death,
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,
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; funeral,
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Buckingham, George Villiers, 2nd duke of: in Charles II’s entourage,
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; as Charles II’s first minister,
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; secret negotiations with France,
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; arraigned and removed from office,
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; opposes Danby,
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; on suspension of parliament,
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; imprisoned in Tower and released,
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Bunyan, John,
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,
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,
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,
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;
Grace Abounding
,
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;
The Pilgrim’s Progress
,
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Burgh, John,
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Burghley, William Cecil, 1st baron,
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Burnet, Gilbert, bishop of Salisbury,
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,
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,
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,
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Burton, Robert:
The Anatomy of Melancholy
,
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,
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Burton, Thomas,
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Byron, Sir Nicholas,
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cabal: formed under Charles II,
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; disbanded,
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Calvinists: in Germany,
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; and Arminians,
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,
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,
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; Laud attacks,
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; doctrines suppressed,
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Campbell, John, baron,
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Carey, Sir Robert,
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Carisbrooke Castle, Isle of Wight,
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,
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Carlisle, James Hay, 1st earl of,
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Carlyle, Thomas,
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Carr, Sir Robert,
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Carter, Richard: ‘The Schismatic Stigmatised’,
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‘Case of the Armie Truly Stated, The’ (pamphlet),
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Castlemaine, Barbara, countess of,
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,
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,
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,
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Catherine of Braganza, wife of Charles II: marriage,
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; and Charles’s mistresses,
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; Titus Oates accuses of high treason,
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Catholic League,
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Catholics: and banishment of Jesuits,
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; and Gunpowder Plot,
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; and oath of allegiance,
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; James I’s hostility to,
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; and Bohemian crisis,
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; parliament’s petitions against (1621),
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,
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; Spanish and French demand toleration and rights in England,
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,
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; and collapse of French embassy with fatalities,
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; popular hostility to,
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; granted liberties under James I,
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; Charles I declares free of persecution,
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; penal laws reinstituted (1625),
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; Charles I banishes from court,
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; and Charles I’s agreement with French to grant freedom of worship,
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; Laud’s distaste for,
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; and Irish rebellion,
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; as royalists,
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; land forfeited in Ireland,
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; and Charles II’s declaration of indulgence,
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,
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; and Test Act,
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; and Popish Plot,
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; James II practises as and favours,
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‘Cavalier Parliament’,
see under
Parliament
cavaliers: as term,
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; army strength,
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; behaviour,
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;
see also
royalists
Cavendish, William (
later
1st duke of Newcastle),
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,
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Cavendish, William, Lord
see
Devonshire, 4th earl of
Cecil, Sir Edward,
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Chalgrave, battle of (1643),
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Chamberlain, John,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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Charles I, King: and death of brother Henry,
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; prospective marriage to infanta of Spain,
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,
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,
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,
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; douses Villiers in water,
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; character and qualities,
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,
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; and sister Elizabeth’s exile,
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; trip to Spain to visit prospective bride,
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; signs marriage contract but withdraws,
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; assumes authority during father’s decline,
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; urges war with Spain,
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; betrothal to Henrietta Maria,
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; organizes masque,
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; accession,
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; manner and style,
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,
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; stutter,
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; appearance,
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; marriage,
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; calls first parliament,
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; finances and funding,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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; on royal authority,
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,
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; and Catholicism,
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; marriage relations,
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,
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,
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; coronation,
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; addresses to parliament,
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,
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; defends Buckingham against parliamentary impeachment,
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,
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; conflict with parliament over sovereignty,
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,
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,
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; dissolves parliament (1626),
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; religious practices,
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; banishes Catholics from court,
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; demands loans from counties and peers,
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; antagonizes judiciary,
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; and summary imprisonment,
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; relations to law,
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; and death of Buckingham,
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,
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; takes control of administration after Buckingham’s death,
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; irresolution over foreign wars,
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; and religious authority,
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; attacks Eliot,
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; dissolves 1629 parliament,
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; and nine imprisoned members of parliament,
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; personal rule (1629–40),
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; foreign policy,
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,
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; imposition of taxes and rights,
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; art collection and patronage,
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; statues and paintings of,
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; birth of son Charles,
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; peaceful years,
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; interest in local government,
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; claims sovereignty in all seas,
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; crowned king of Scotland,
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; visits Edinburgh,
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; unpopularity,
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; religious rules for Scottish Church defied,
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,
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,
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,
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; prerogative challenged in trial of John Hampden,
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; insistence on royal power,
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; sends military supplies north against Scots,
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; raises forces at York against Scots (1639),
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; in Bishops’ War against Scots,
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; parliament defies (1640),
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; orders judicial torture of rioting apprentice,
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; moves to counter Scots in Second Bishops’ War,
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; defeated at Newburn,
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; summons great council of peers (1640),
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; negotiates with Scots,
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; and fall of Strafford,
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,
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; challenged by parliament,
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,
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,
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,
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; confidence,
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; cancels exaction of ship-money,
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; summons parliament to Banqueting House (January 1641),
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; divides opposition,
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,
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; and Strafford’s trial,
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; signs Bill of Attainder against Strafford,
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; loyal supporters,
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,
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,
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; plans visit to Scotland (1641),
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; returns to London from Edinburgh,
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; and Irish rebellion,
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; seeks impeachment of members of parliament,
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; leaves London (1642),
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; writes to parliament requesting authority and revenues be preserved,
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; denies parliamentary declaration,
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; travels to York (1642),
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,
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; refused entry to Hull,
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; raises volunteer army,
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; rejects parliament’s nineteen propositions,
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; prepares for war,
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; raises standard in Nottingham (1642),
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; army strength,
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,
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; at Edgehill,
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; establishes headquarters in Oxford,
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,
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; withdraws from Turham Green,
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; captures Marlborough,
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; advances on Gloucester,
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; disagreements at court of,
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; summons parliament of supporters in Oxford (1644),
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; flees Oxford for Worcester,
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; defeated at Naseby,
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; Milton denounces,
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; and Scots’ readiness to negotiate,
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; and loss of Bristol,
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; negotiates with Presbyterians and Independents,
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; surrenders to Scots,
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; refuses to take covenant,
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; Scots surrender to parliament for cash,
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; touches for king’s evil,
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; travels to London,
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; New Model Army’s dealings with,
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; and army’s
Heads of Proposals
,
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; at Hampton Court,
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; discussed at Putney debates,
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; in Isle of Wight,
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,
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; agrees ‘Engagement’ with Scots,
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; attempts escape from Carisbrooke Castle,
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; treats with parliamentary commissioners,
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; seeks to raise army in Ireland,
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; trial and death sentence,
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; execution,
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; images removed,
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