Civil War: The History of England Volume III (80 page)

self-denying ordinance,
ref1

Seller, Abednego:
The History of Passive Obedience
,
ref1

sermons,
ref1
; published,
ref2

seven bishops: consigned to Tower and acquitted,
ref1

Sexby, Edward,
ref1

Seymour, Sir Francis,
ref1

Seymour, William,
ref1

Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st earl of: Charles II attacks,
ref1
; as senior councillor,
ref2
; as controversial figure,
ref3
; supports royal prerogative,
ref4
; on duke of York’s undependability,
ref5
; dismissed by Charles II,
ref6
; opposes Danby,
ref7
; urges dissolution of Cavalier Parliament,
ref8
; followers,
ref9
; objects to long suspension of parliament,
ref10
; sent to Tower,
ref11
; as champion of Protestantism,
ref12
,
ref13
; proposes dismissal of duke of York from king’s council,
ref14
; on election of ‘courtiers’ to parliament,
ref15
; appointed lord president,
ref16
; on Charles II’s proroguing parliament (1679),
ref17
; opposes James II’s accession,
ref18
,
ref19
, 4435; presents Charles II with petition for sitting of parliament,
ref20
; attempts prosecution of duke of York and Duchess of Portsmouth,
ref21
; takes refuge and dies in Holland,
ref22
; ‘Letter from a Person of Quality’,
ref23

Shakespeare, William,
ref1
;
The Tempest
,
ref2
,
ref3
;
The Winter’s Tale
,
ref4

Sharp, James, archbishop of St Andrews,
ref1

Sheffield: poverty,
ref1

Sheldon, Gilbert, archbishop of Canterbury,
ref1

Shelley, Percy Bysshe,
ref1

Sherland, Anthony,
ref1

ship-money (tax),
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5
,
ref6
,
ref7

Shirley, James,
ref1

‘Short Parliament’,
see under
Parliament

Shrewsbury, Charles Talbot, 12th earl (
later
duke) of,
ref1

Shrewsbury, Gilbert Talbot, 7th earl of,
ref1

Sidney, Algernon,
ref1

silver: minted in England for Antwerp,
ref1

Sindercombe, Miles,
ref1

slaves: in Pepys’s London,
ref1

Slingsby, Sir Henry,
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

soap: manufacturing monopoly,
ref1

Sole Bay, battle of (1672),
ref1

solemn league and covenant,
ref1
,
ref2
; burned,
ref3

Somerset, Frances Howard, countess of (
earlier
countess of Essex),
ref1
,
ref2

Somerset, Robert Carr, 1st earl of (
earlier
viscount Rochester): as James I’s favourite,
ref1
,
ref2
; Prince Henry disparages,
ref3
; infatuation with and marriage to Frances Howard,
ref4
; and Overbury murder,
ref5
,
ref6
; breach with James I,
ref7
; as lord chamberlain,
ref8
; draws up self-pardon,
ref9
; trial,
ref10

Southampton, Thomas Wriothesley, 4th earl of,
ref1

Spain: peace with England,
ref1
; marriage arrangements for Charles I,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5
,
ref6
; Raleigh attacks on Orinoco,
ref7
; and Bohemian crisis,
ref8
,
ref9
; popular hostility to,
ref10
; Prince Charles visits with Buckingham,
ref11
; prospective war with,
ref12
; war with England (1625),
ref13
,
ref14
; secret treaty with England (1634),
ref15
; fleet in English Channel (1639),
ref16
; Cromwell considers alliance with,
ref17
; declares war on England (1655),
ref18
,
ref19
; defeated at battle of the dunes (1658),
ref20

sports: controlled under James I,
ref1

Spottiswoode, John, archbishop of St Andrews,
ref1

Sprat, Thomas,
ref1
,
ref2

stagecoaches,
ref1

Stamford, Henry Grey, 1st earl of,
ref1

Star Chamber,
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
; abolished,
ref5
,
ref6
,
ref7

Stewart, Frances,
ref1

‘stillborn parliament’,
see under
Parliament

‘stop, the’,
ref1

Stourbridge Fair,
ref1

Strafford, Sir Thomas Wentworth, 1st earl of: opposes illegal imprisonment,
ref1
; titles,
ref2
,
ref3
; as lord president of north and lord deputy of Ireland,
ref4
; and ‘Thorough’ (regime),
ref5
; letters from Laud,
ref6
,
ref7
; and Scottish defiance,
ref8
; returns from Ireland to advise Charles I,
ref9
,
ref10
; unpopularity,
ref11
,
ref12
; and invading Scots army (1640),
ref13
; Commons issue grievances against,
ref14
; joins Charles in London,
ref15
; threatens Pym and Hampden,
ref16
; accused of high treason,
ref17
,
ref18
; trial,
ref19
; Bill of Attainder against,
ref20
,
ref21
; demands for death,
ref22
; executed,
ref23
,
ref24
,
ref25

Strode, William,
ref1

Stuart, Lady Arabella,
ref1
,
ref2

Stuart dynasty: ends (1688),
ref1

Stukeley, William,
ref1

Suckling, Sir John,
ref1

Suffolk, Thomas Howard, 1st earl of,
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5

Sweden: England proposes holy crusade against Catholic powers,
ref1
; under Gustavus Adolphus,
ref2
; in Triple Alliance (1668),
ref3

syphilis: spread from Naples,
ref1

Tate, Zouch,
ref1

taxation: under James I,
ref1
,
ref2
; under Charles I,
ref3
,
ref4
; after Charles I’s death,
ref5
; under Cromwell,
ref6
; under Charles II,
ref7
;
see also
excise; ship-money; tonnage and poundage

tea,
ref1

Temple, Sir William,
ref1
,
ref2
;
Memoirs
,
ref3

‘ten propositions’,
ref1

Tenby Castle,
ref1

Tenison, Thomas, archbishop of Canterbury,
ref1

Test Acts: (1673),
ref1
,
ref2
; (1678),
ref3
; James II seeks to repeal,
ref4
,
ref5

Texel, battle of the (1673),
ref1

Tey, John,
ref1

Teynham, Sir John Roper, baron,
ref1

Thames, river: ‘water-pillar’ (1626),
ref1

theatre: in James I’s reign,
ref1
,
ref2
; in Restoration,
ref3

Thirty Years War (1618–48): beginnings,
ref1
; Catholic advances,
ref2
,
ref3
; Gustavus Adolphus enters,
ref4

Thirty-Nine Articles (Church of England),
ref1
,
ref2

Thoresby, Ralph,
ref1

‘Thorough’ (principles),
ref1

Thurloe, John,
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5

‘Tom-Tell-Truth’ (writer),
ref1

Tomkins, Thomas,
ref1

tonnage and poundage (tax),
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5

Tory: as term,
ref1

trained bands: raised (1642),
ref1

Tresham, Francis,
ref1

Trevor, Sir John,
ref1

Triennial Act (1640),
ref1
,
ref2

Triple Alliance (England–Dutch Republic–Sweden, 1668),
ref1
,
ref2

Tuke, Sir Samuel,
ref1

Turner, Anne (
née
Norton),
ref1
,
ref2

Turnham Green,
ref1

Twysden, Sir Roger,
ref1
,
ref2

United Provinces
see
Dutch Republic

Uxbridge: peace negotiations (1645),
ref1

Van Dyck, Sir Anthony: portrays Charles I,
ref1
; portrays Wentworth (Strafford),
ref2
; portrait of Laud,
ref3
,
ref4

Vane, Sir Henry,
ref1

Venables, General Robert,
ref1
,
ref2

Venn, John,
ref1

Verney, Sir Edmund,
ref1
,
ref2

Verney, Sir Ralph,
ref1

Villiers, George
see
Buckingham, 1st duke of; Buckingham, 2nd duke of

Viner, Sir Robert,
ref1

Wakeman, Sir George,
ref1

Wales: revival of civil war,
ref1

Waller, Edmund,
ref1

Waller, Sir William,
ref1
,
ref2

Wallington, Nehemiah,
ref1

Walpole, Horace,
ref1

Walters, Lucy,
ref1
,
ref2

Walton, Valentine,
ref1

Warton, Philip, 4th baron,
ref1

Warwick, Sir Philip,
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
;
Memoirs of the Reign of Charles I
,
ref5

Warwick, Robert Rich, 2nd earl of,
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
,
ref5

Waterford, Ireland,
ref1

Watkins, Daniel,
ref1

Webster, John:
The Duchess of Malfi
,
ref1
,
ref2

Weldon, Sir Anthony,
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4

Wentworth, Thomas,
ref1

West Indies: Cromwell’s venture in,
ref1
; parts conceded to France (1667),
ref2

Westminster Assembly,
ref1

Weston, Richard
see
Portland, 1st earl of

Wexford, Ireland,
ref1

Wharton, Philip,
ref1

Wharton, Thomas,
ref1

Whigs: as term,
ref1
; oppose James II’s rights to succession,
ref2
,
ref3
,
ref4
; support Shaftesbury,
ref5
; and Rye House Plot,
ref6

White Mountain, battle of (1620),
ref1

Whitehall, Palace of,
ref1
; Banqueting House,
ref2
,
ref3
; Charles II occupies,
ref4

Whitelocke, Bulstrode: on beginnings of civil war,
ref1
; on Cromwell,
ref2
,
ref3
; on starvation in Cumberland,
ref4
; advises Cromwell against becoming king,
ref5

Whitgift, John, archbishop of Canterbury,
ref1
,
ref2

Wight, Isle of: Charles I in,
ref1
,
ref2

Wightman, Edward,
ref1

William, Prince of Orange (
later
King William III): marriage to Princess Mary,
ref1
,
ref2
; and Charles II’s proroguing of parliament (1680),
ref3
; Calvinism,
ref4
; observes situation in England during James II’s reign,
ref5
; invited to invade England,
ref6
; lands in England and advances on London,
ref7
,
ref8
; guards take up London posts,
ref9

Williams, John, bishop of Lincoln,
ref1

Willis, Dr Thomas,
ref1

Wilson, Arthur,
ref1

Wilson, Jackie (singer),
ref1

Windebank, Sir Francis,
ref1
,
ref2
,
ref3

Windsor Castle: Charles I in,
ref1

Winter (or Wintour), Thomas,
ref1

witch trials,
ref1

women: delegation demands peace in civil war,
ref1
; role in civil war,
ref2
; maltreated at Naseby,
ref3
; use of cosmetics under commonwealth,
ref4

Wood, Anthony,
ref1

Woodford, Robert,
ref1

Worcester: battle of (1642),
ref1
; Charles I escapes to from Oxford,
ref2

Wren, Sir Christopher: on Prynne,
ref1
; in Royal Society,
ref2

Wren, Matthew, bishop of Ely,
ref1

Wycherley, William:
The Country Wife
,
ref1

York: Charles I raises forces at (1639),
ref1
; great council of peers meet at (1640),
ref2
; Charles I travels to (1642),
ref3
,
ref4
; support for Charles I,
ref5
; royalists capture,
ref6
; besieged and surrenders (1644),
ref7

York, Anne, duchess of (
née
Hyde),
ref1
,
ref2

York, James, duke of
see
James II, king