Core Topics in General & Emergency Surgery: Companion to Specialist Surgical Practice (92 page)
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Authors: Simon Paterson-Brown MBBS MPhil MS FRCS
BOOK: Core Topics in General & Emergency Surgery: Companion to Specialist Surgical Practice
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Antiplatelet agents,
273–274
273–274
Antiplatelets Trialists’ Collaboration,
273
273
Antithrombotic Therapy Consensus Conference,
14
14
Aorta injury,
246
246
APACHE (Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Evaluation) O score,
145
145
Apixaban,
274
274
Appendicectomy
conventional,
170
170
Appendicitis
Appendix
mass,
172–173
172–173
normal,
171–172
171–172
Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales,
25
25
Ascorbic acid,
311b
311b
Aspirin,
273–274
273–274
Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (AAGBI),
44
44
Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (ACPGBI)
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) database,
289
289
Malignant Bowel Obstruction (MBO) Study,
289
289
Asthma, day surgery,
46
46
Asymptomatic inguinal hernias,
71
71
B
Baker’s cyst,
275
275
Balthazar scoring system,
145
145
Baltimore Cochrane Centre,
8
8
Bariatric surgery,
344–358
344–358
day case,
51
51
mechanisms,
345
345
obesity, causes,
344–345
344–345
postoperative problems,
356–357
356–357
procedures,
345–350
345–350
Bassini technique,
70
70
Bedside assessment,
314–315
314–315
Behavioural Pain Score (BPS),
27
27
Benzodiazepines,
48
48
‘Beyond reasonable doubt’, defined,
15
15
Bezoars,
164
164
Bias, defined,
7
7
Bier’s block,
49
49
Biliary colic,
132–139
132–139
acute gallstone disease,
139
139
clinical presentation,
132–133
132–133
gallbladder torsion,
139
139
pathogenesis,
132
132
treatment,
135–136
135–136
Biliary tree injury scale, extrahepatic,
259t
259t
Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD),
347
347
Bioelectrical impedance,
312
312
Biological mesh,
59–60
59–60
Biomarkers, surgical risk,
294
294
Bladder injury scale,
263t
263t
Bleeding
duodenal-jejunal,
356
356
intra-abdominal,
234
234
staple-line,
353
353
Blood/blood products,
119
119
Body composition,
312
312
assessment,
314
314
Boey score,
101
101
Botox (botulinum toxin),
210
210
Bowel damage, colonoscopy,
197
197
Bowel infarction,
76b
76b
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP),
294
294
Branched-chain amino acids,
322
322
Breakthrough pain,
49–50
49–50
British Association for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (BAPEN),
313–314
313–314
British Consensus Guidelines on Intravenous Fluid Therapy for Adult Surgical Patients (GIFTASUP),
301–302
301–302
BMJ Evidence Centre (internet),
4
4
British Psychological Society,
4
4
British Society of Gastroenterology,
151b
151b
Burns, nutritional support,
322
322
C
Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination,
14
14
Carbohydrate metabolism,
309
309
Cardiac function
abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS),
239
239
disease,
46
46
output,
300–301
300–301
response,
299
299
Catecholamines,
309b
309b
Catheters
care,
318
318
complications,
317b
317b
Ceftazidime,
147
147
Cefuroxime,
147
147
Central venous access,
317
317
Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD),
5
5
Cervical vascular organ injury scale,
255t
255t
Chance, defined,
7
7
Charcot’s triad,
140–141
140–141
Chest, abdominal injuries, combined head,
234
234
Chest pain, gastric band,
353
353
Chest wall injury scale,
255t
255t
Chest X-ray (CXR),
277
277
Children
perianal abscess,
208–209
208–209
CHOCOLATE trial,
139
139
Cholecystectomy, laparoscopic,
50
50
Cholecystitis
acute acalculous (ACC),
139–140
139–140
Cholecystostomy,
336f
336f
Chronic abdominal sepsis,
341
341
Ciprofloxacin,
147
147
Clinical guidelines,
11–13
11–13
Coagulation disturbances,
329
329
Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,
4–5
4–5
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,
4
4
Cochrane Review Methodology Register,
5
5
Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness (DARE),
5
5
Health Technology Assessment Database (HTA),
5
5
Codeine,
340
340
Coffee-ground vomiting,
118
118
Colistin,
147
147
Colitis
toxic,
193–194
193–194
Collagen-related disorders,
57–58
57–58
Colonic bleeding,
197–201
197–201
investigations/diagnosis,
198–199
198–199
angiography,
198–199
198–199
colonoscopy,
198
198
radionuclide imaging,
198
198
surgical management,
199–201
199–201
Colonic emergencies,
179–203
179–203
disease process,
179
179
inflammation/infection,
191–194
191–194
obstruction,
181–190
181–190
perforation,
165
165
preoperative preparation,
179
179
Colonic injury
scale,
261t
261t
Colonic volvulus,
181–185
181–185
sigmoid volvulus,
182–183
182–183
transverse,
184
184
Colonoscopy
bleeding,
198
198
bowel damage,
197
197
perforation, management,
197f
197f
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) database (ACPGBI),
289
289
Combined oral contraceptive pill (cOCP),
271–272
271–272
Comfort, eating,
345
345
Commercially available nutrients,
319
319
Commissioning/tariffs,
54
54
Communicating surgical risk,
294–296
294–296
Computed tomography (CT)
angiography,
199
199
contrast-enhanced,
231–232
231–232
deep vein thrombosis (DVT),
276
276
pulmonary angiography (CTPA),
277
277
Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD),
85–86
85–86
Condition-specific outcome measures,
25–26
25–26
Confidence interval (CI),
9–10
9–10
Confounding, defined,
7
7
Congenital umbilical hernias,
61
61
Connective tissue disorders,
164
164
Construct validity, defined,
24
24
Content validity, defined,
24
24
Continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP),
300–301
300–301
Contrast radiology,
87–91
87–91
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT),
231–232
231–232
Copper,
311b
311b
Corrosive perforations,
110
110
Cortisol,
309b
309b
cost analysis,
32
32
discounting,
31–32
31–32
Couinaud segments,
243
243
C-reactive protein (CRP),
294
294
Criteria-based recovery,
51
51
Criterion validity, defined,
24
24
Critical appraisal,
5–8
5–8
Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP),
7
7
investigations,
165
165
presentation,
165
165
surgery,
165
165
CR-POSSUM (colorectal),
288–289
288–289
Cullen’s sign,
143
143
Curtis–Fitz-Hugh syndrome,
85
85
Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2)-specific inhibitor,
103
103
Cystic fibrosis (CF),
218
218
Cytokines,
309b
309b
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