Gallipoli (108 page)

CHAPTER SIXTEEN: ‘PUSH ON!'

1.
James, Robert R.,
Gallipoli
, p. 237.

2.
Brazier, Comments, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII.

3.
Sanders, p. 83 (past tense changed to present tense).

4.
Ibid.

5.
Pugsley,
Gallipoli
, p. 278.

6.
Malone,
No Better Death
, p. 294.

7.
Ibid.

8.
Ibid., pp. 294–5.

9.
Ibid., p. 297.

10.
Ibid., p. 299.

11.
Travers,
Gallipoli
, p. 124.

12.
Hart, ‘Gallipoli: The War at Sea – An Overview', p. 303.

13.
Bean,
Gallipoli Correspondent
, p. 146.

14.
Ibid.

15.
Ibid.

16.
Monash, Diary, 6 August 1915, SLV, MS 13875, Box 4083/1, p. 103.

17.
Bean,
Bean's Gallipoli
, p. 186.

18.
Juvenis,
Suvla Bay and After
, p. 7.

19.
Erickson,
Gallipoli
, p. 157.

20.
Ibid.

21.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 571.

22.
Ibid., p. 572.

23.
Pugsley, p. 276.

24.
Malone, p. 295.

25.
Throssell, Katharine Susannah Prichard's Papers, 7 August 1915, NLA MS 6201, Folder 7.

26.
Monash, Diary, 6 August 1915, SLV, MS 13875, Box 4083/1, p. 103.

27.
Ibid.

28.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 591.

29.
Ibid., p. 606.

30.
Ibid.

31.
Hamilton, John,
Goodbye Cobber, God Bless You
, p. 243.

32.
Ataksor,
Çanakkale Raporu
(
Çanakkale Report
), pp. 286–7.

33.
Raynell, Diary, 10 August 1915, AWM PR86/388, p. 30.

34.
Antill, Comments, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII.

35.
Ibid.

36.
Ibid.

37.
Ibid.

38.
Hamilton, John,
Goodbye Cobber, God Bless You
, p. 285.

39.
Schuler,
Australia in Arms
, p. 241,
https://archive.org
.

40.
Hamilton, John,
Goodbye Cobber, God Bless You
, p. 285.

41.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 612.

42.
Ibid., p. 613.

43.
Brazier, Comments, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII.

44.
Schuler, p. 238.

45.
Ibid., p. 241 (reported speech changed to direct speech).

46.
Danışman,
Gallipoli 1915 Day One Plus
, p. 73.

47.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 612.

48.
Cameron,
Sorry, Lads, But the Order Is to Go
, p. 183.

49.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 613.

50.
Simpson, Cameron Victor,
Maygar's Boys
, p. 279.

51.
Brazier, Letter to C. E. W. Bean, 7 March 1924, AWM 38 DRL 8042, Item 25, p. 1.

52.
McCarthy,
Gallipoli to the Somme
, p. 174.

53.
Aker, S., ‘
Çanakkale-Arıburnu Savaşları ve 27. Alay
(Çanakkale-Arıburnu Battles and the 27th Regiment)', in Martı,
Çanakkale Hatiraları
(
Çanakkale Memoirs
), Vol. I, pp. 287–8. There were, in fact, no New Zealanders involved in this action.

54.
The West Australian
, ‘The Dardanelles', 28 September 1915, p. 5,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

55.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 614.

56.
Ibid.

57.
Redford, Diary, undated addendum, AWM PR85/064. This quote comes from an addendum to Major Thomas Redford's personal diary. There is a brief introduction in the typed transcript of the diary by a person identified only as ‘W. H. C.' W. H. C. notes, ‘The rest of the diary [that is, those entries after his entry on the morning of 7 August at 4 am], which includes a description of the assault on the Nek and the death of Major Redford, was completed in a different handwriting. At no stage does the new diarist reveal his identity, but I believe he was Major William McGrath, 8th Light Horse Regiment, who enlisted on 23 September 1914 and returned to Australia on 3 July 1919.' I have gone with this conclusion.

58.
For further reading, see
The West Australian
, 28 September 1915, p. 5.

59.
Deeble, Major J., Acting Commander 8th Light Horse Brigade, Report, 7 August 1915, in 3rd Australian Light Horse Brigade War Diary, AWM4 10/3/7, Appendix X, p. 84.

60.
Ibid. (reported speech changed to direct speech).

61.
3rd Australian Light Horse Brigade War Diary, 7 August 1915, AWM4 10/3/7.

62.
Statistics of Casualties, Russell's Top, 7 August 1915, in 3rd Australian Light Horse Brigade War Diary, 7 August 1915, AWM4 10/3/7.

63.
Brazier, Letter to C. E. W. Bean, 7 March 1924, AWM 38 DRL 8042, Item 25, p. 2.

64.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 607.

65.
Pugsley, p. 280.

66.
Brazier, Comments, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII (reported speech changed to direct speech).

67.
Brazier, Letter to C. E. W. Bean, 7 March 1924, AWM 38 DRL 8042, Item 25, p. 2 (reported speech changed to direct speech). Another version of this quote is in Brazier, Comments, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII.

68.
Brazier, Letter to C. E. W. Bean, 7 March 1924, AWM 38 DRL 8042, Item 25, p. 3 (reported speech changed to direct speech).

69.
Brazier, Comments, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII (reported speech changed to direct speech).

70.
10th Australian Light Horse Regiment War Diary, 7 August 1915, Russell's Top, AWM4 10/15/4.

71.
Brazier, Comments, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII (reported speech changed to direct speech).

72.
Brazier, Letter to C. E. W. Bean, 7 March 1924, AWM 38 DRL 8042, Item 25, p. 4. When it came to compiling the official history of the war, Bean asked for Antill's comments about that day at the Nek. In his recollections, Antill wrote, ‘The statement that “the brigade major had just heard that a red and yellow flag had been seen upon the parapet. It was essential, he said, to support the men who had already got across and he ordered the attack to proceed” is baseless – an invention of some individual, and entirely contrary to fact.' (Brazier, Comments, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII). Bean's assessment of this was, ‘Antill's comments are worthless: he says he never heard of a flag appearing in the Turkish trenches – actually he was the first man who, three or four days later, gave me an account of the incident! … many of his facts seem to me to have been invented in the intervening years.' (Bean to Sir J. Edmunds, 17 June 1931, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM, 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII.)

73.
Brazier, Comments, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII.

74.
The Canberra Times
, 25 April 1986, p. 8.

75.
For further reading, see Hamilton, John,
Goodbye Cobber, God Bless You
, p. 309.

76.
Brazier, Comments, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII.

77.
The West Australian
, ‘The Story of Hill 60', 22 November 1915, p. 8,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

78.
Örnek and Toker,
Gallipoli
, p. 94.

79.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 618.

80.
Hamilton, John,
The Price of Valour
, p. 143.

81.
The West Australian
, ‘The Story of Hill 60', 22 November 1915, p. 8,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

82.
Burness,
The Nek
, p. 116.

83.
Hamilton, John,
The Price of Valour
, p. 140.

84.
Browning and Gill,
Gallipoli to Tripoli
, p. 115 (reported speech changed to direct speech).

85.
Brazier, Letter to C. E. W. Bean, 7 March 1924, AWM 38 DRL 8042, Item 25, p. 4.

86.
Brazier, Comments, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII.

87.
Brazier, Letter to C. E. W. Bean, 7 March 1924, AWM 38 DRL 8042, Item 25, p. 4.

88.
Ibid.

89.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 619.

90.
For further reading, see Burness,
The Nek
, pp. 114–15.

91.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 619.

92.
The Australian troops were essentially sent on a suicide mission at the Nek that morning. The troops came to place the blame on Godley, and renamed the Nek ‘Godley's Abattoir'. The Turks, on the other hand, subsequently called the area Cesarettepe, meaning Bravery or Courage Hill.

93.
Brazier, Comments, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII.

94.
Ibid.

95.
Brazier, Letter to C. E. W. Bean, 7 March 1924, AWM 38 DRL 8042, Item 25, p. 5 (tenses changed).

96.
Brazier, Comments, Official History 1914–1918 War Records of Charles E. W. Bean, Correspondence 1926–31, AWM 3DRL 7953/27, Pt 3, Ch. XVIII.

97.
The West Australian
, 28 September 1915, p. 5.

CHAPTER SEVENTEEN: BATTLE FOR THE HEIGHTS

1.
Malone,
No Better Death
, p. 299.

2.
Mango,
Atatürk
, p. 152.

3.
Kemal, Mustafa, ‘Anafartalar Hatiraları (Anafarta Memoirs)', in Martı,
Çanakkale Hatiraları
(
Çanakkale Memoirs
), Vol. I, p. 52.

4.
Pugsley,
Gallipoli
, p. 277.

5.
Ibid., p. 275.

6.
Kannengiesser,
The Campaign in Gallipoli
, p. 205.

7.
Ibid.

8.
Ibid.

9.
Ibid., p. 206.

10.
Kemal, Mustafa, ‘Anafartalar Hatiraları (Anafarta Memoirs)', in Martı, Vol. I, p. 53.

11.
Kannengiesser, p. 207.

12.
Ibid.

13.
Ibid.

14.
Pugsley, pp. 279–280.

15.
Ibid. (tenses changed).

16.
Broadbent,
The Boys Who Came Home
, p. 227.

17.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 633.

18.
Travers,
Gallipoli
, p. 126.

19.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 639.

20.
Ibid., p. 640.

21.
Ibid., p. 641.

22.
Pugsley, p. 283.

23.
Carlyon,
Gallipoli
, p. 417.

24.
Pugsley, p. 283.

25.
Ibid.

26.
Ibid.

27.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 645.

28.
Ibid., p. 654.

29.
Ibid., pp. 654–5.

30.
Pugsley, p. 284.

31.
Malone, p. 311.

32.
Pugsley, p. 286.

33.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 659.

34.
Ibid.

35.
Kemal, Mustafa, ‘Anafartalar Hatiraları (Anafarta Memoirs)', in Martı, Vol. I, p. 55.

36.
Ibid.

37.
Ibid., p. 58.

38.
McAnulty, Diary, 6 August 1915, AWM 1DRL/0422, p. 38.

39.
Ibid., 8 August 1915, pp. 38–9.

40.
Arthur,
Life of Lord Kitchener
, p. 163.

41.
Hamilton, Ian B. M.,
The Happy Warrior
, pp. 379–80.