Laughter in Ancient Rome (85 page)

Parmeniscus of Metapontum: consultation of Delphic oracle,
174–75
,
265n83
; identity of,
175
,
265n85
; inability to laugh,
174–76
,
206
,
265n87

Parrhasius, illusionism of,
234n24

Parvulescu, A.,
228n52

Paterson, J.,
252n3

patronage, Roman: joking in,
208
; parasites in,
149
,
151
; sites of discomfort in,
257n80

Paul the Deacon, summary of Festus,
264n73

Peripatetic school,
29
,
34
; influence on
On the Orator,
110
; on laughter,
35
; of Roman Empire,
227n44
; terms for wit,
249n65

Perseus, slaying of Medusa,
6
,
220n18

Persius, vocabulary for laughter,
72

persuasion: in
On the Orator,
108
,
109
; through ridicule,
106

Petrarch, on Cicero,
246n21

Petronius,
Satyricon:
dinner party of,
148
; Fellini’s adaptation of,
182
; laughter in,
171–72
,
233n24
; plot of,
264n67
; Quartilla episode,
171–72
,
264n71
;
risus mimicus
of,
267n124

Phaedrus:
Fables
of,
126
; on flattery,
163

Philagrios (
grammatikos
), association with
Philogelos,
188
,
269n11

Philemon, death by laughter,
177
,
179
,
180
,
266n112

Philip of Macedon: attempt to purchase jokes,
8
,
206–7
; parasite of,
151

Philistion (mime writer),
169
,
263n60
; association with
Philogelos,
188
,
269n11

Phillips, Adam,
216

Philo, laughter in,
254n42

Philocalus, Calendar of,
236n48

Philogelos
(“Laughter lover”),
x
,
89
; academic function of,
271n39
; Arabic jokes and,
212
; archetypes of,
187–88
; bad jokes in,
186
; bald jokes in,
185–86
,
200
; character types in,
190–91
,
192
,
194
,
271n37
; compilers associated with,
188
; cultural implications of,
197
; datable jokes in,
189
,
269n17
,
270n18
; dedication of,
188
; famous persons in,
189
; fluidity of,
188
; Greco-Roman cultures in,
188–89
; Greek language of,
185
,
189
,
269n16
; identity jokes in,
199–200
; interchangeable jokes in,
192
; issues of relativism in,
273n54
; Johnson’s publication of,
186
,
268n5
; jokes on dreams,
197
; jokes on family life,
198
; joking styles in,
192
,
194–96
; links to fable in,
271n40
; manuscript tradition of,
186–87
,
188
,
190
,
195
,
269nn7
,
11
,
270n27
; mime influences in,
271n42
; miser jokes in,
191
; modern appreciation of,
212
; modern borrowings from,
213
; numerical tropes in,
198–99
; origins of,
188–89
,
192–93
,
201
; personal names in,
188–89
,
190
; places in,
191–93
,
199
,
201
,
269n7
,
271n30
; popular traditions in,
193
; printed texts of,
186
,
187
,
212
,
268n2
; puns in,
194
; reconstruction of jokes,
195
,
272n49
; retelling of jokes from,
18–19
; Roman character of,
186
,
189
; scholarship on,
268n2
; and scoptic epigrams,
271n40
; sexual jokes in,
271n40
,
273n61
; simpleton jokes in,
196
; structure of,
190
,
271n37
; translations of,
195
,
268n2
; types of jokes in,
197–200
; Tzetzes’ use of,
187
; visual jokes in,
194
; water jokes in,
191
,
270n29
; wordplay in,
195
.
See also
jokebooks, Roman;
scholastikos
jokes

Philostratus (major and minor), ecphrases of painting,
233n21

Photios (Byzantine patriarch),
179

Phrynichus, monkeys in,
161
,
261n25

Pindar, monkey tropes of,
161
,
165

Pinkster, Harm,
228n48
,
247n35

Pithecusae (Monkey Island),
163

pithēkismos
(monkeying around),
161
; and laughter,
163

Pitt, William (the elder): advice on laughter,
237n58

place-names: funny,
251n102
; jokes associated with,
193
;
in Philogelos,
191–93
,
199
,
201
,
269n7
,
271n30