Life on a Young Planet (51 page)

genome,
24
,
28
,
137

genotype,
115

geochronology,
53
–
54

geology, sedimentary,
12
,
35
,
163

Gerhart, John,
189

Germs, Gerard,
163
–
164
,
174

Giardia lamblia
,
127
,
134
,
138

Gibbs, Sarah,
129

Gilbert, Walter,
78
–
79

glaciation.
See
ice ages

Glaessner, Martin,
164

God,
245
,
246

Gogarten, Peter,
26

Golgi apparatus,
132
,
134

Golubic, Steve,
41

Gopnik, Adam,
234

Gould, Stephen Jay,
11
,
116
,
191
–
192

Grand Canyon, Arizona,
46
,
150
–
151
,
154
,
156
,
160
,
245

graphite,
70
–
71

grazing,
156
,
184
,
223

Great Wall, Siberia,
108
,
109
,
113
,
117
,
139
,
142
,
149
,
154

Green, Julian,
40

Grey, Kath,
59
–
60

Grotzinger, John,
59
,
163
,
167
,
174
,
176
–
177
,
220
–
221

Guizhou Province, China,
139
,
141
,
145
,
154

Gunflint Formation,
34
,
89
–
93
,
104
,
107
; age of,
90
; C-isotopes of,
93
; microfossils in,
89
–
93
,
162
,
plate 3
; S-isotopes of,
93
; stromatolites in,
89
–
92

Gunflintia minuta
,
92
,
plate 3

Gürich, G.,
164

gypsum,
36
,
47
; record of mass independent S-isotopic fractionation in,
102
; in Warrawoona Group,
57
–
58

Hadean Eon,
2
,
6

Haldane, J.B.S.,
74

half-life,
53

halobacteria,
29

Halverson, Pippa,
213

Harland, Brian,
34
,
207

Hartman, Hyman,
137

Hayes, John,
100
,
106
,
218

hematite,
68

Hemichordata,
186

herbivory,
139

Hesse, Hermann,
240

heterotroph(s),
20
,
29
,
42

Hiemalora
,
166

Hoffman, Paul,
211
–
213
,
218

Hofmann, Hans,
41
,
59
–
60
,
93
,
110

Holland, Dick,
98
,
103

Holmes, Sherlock,
170

Holocaust,
245
; “oxygen,”
105
,
107

homology,
18

horizontal (
or
lateral) transfer, of genes,
27
,
29
,
84
–
86

Horodyski, Bob,
110

House, Christopher,
28

Hox
genes,
196
–
198

humans,
17
,
24
,
184
,
225
,
243
–
246

Hutton, James,
50

Hydra
,
204

hydrogen (H
₂
),
74
–
75
,
104
,
135

hydrogen cyanide,
79

hydrogenosome,
136

hydrogen sulfide (H
₂
S),
20
–
21
,
96
,
99
,
101
,
105
,
157
–
159
,
211

hydrothermal systems: Archean,
56
,
60
–
61
,
62
,
64
,
69
; hyperthermophiles in,
24
–
25
,
29
–
30
; Martian,
238
; modern vents,
30
; and the origin of life,
84

ice ages, late Proterozoic,
141
,
206
–
207
,
210
–
216
,
219
,
223
; number of,
207
–
208
; paleolatitude of,
210

intelligent design,
85

iron,
20
,
23
,
47
,
68
,
89
–
90
,
92
–
93
,
96
–
98
,
105
,
158
,
210
–
211
,
231

iron formation,
68
,
90
,
92
,
95
–
97
,
104
,
210

isotopes.
See
carbon isotopes
;
geochronology
; and
sulfur isotopes

Iwabe, Naoyuki,
26

Jacob Marley facts,
20
,
46
–
47
,
99
,
101
,
105
,
187

Jacobsen, Stein,
218

Jakosky, Bruce,
236

Javaux, Emmanuelle,
154

jellyfish,
165
,
183
–
184
; comparisons with Ediacaran fossils,
165
–
167
,
171

Jenkins, Richard,
168

Jensen, Sören,
189

Joyce, Jerry,
80
–
81

Kah, Linda,
120
,
158

Kaufman, Jay,
218

kelp,
138

Kennedy, Martin,
214

Kimberella
,
173
,
188
,
190

Kimura, Hiroto,
220

Kirschner, Marc,
189

Kirschvink, Joe,
211
,
234

Komar, V. A.,
119