Lincoln (164 page)

525
“the true outlines”:
Charles Sumner to Francis Lieber, Aug. 19, 1864, Sumner MSS, Houghton Library, Harvard University. The expression “blue lights” dates from the War of 1812, when it was claimed that disloyal New England Federalists used blue lights to warn British ships of nearby American frigates.

525
“unofficial governors”:
Strong,
Diary,
p. 473.

525
“if necessary”:
Henry Greenleaf Pearson,
The Life of John A. Andrew
(Boston: Houghton, Mifflin &Co., 1904), 2:159.

525
“new candidates”:
Henry Winter Davis to Zachariah Chandler, Aug. 24, 1864, Chandler MSS, LC.

526
“closed out the rebellion”:
John Eaton,
Grant, Lincoln and the Freedmen
(New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1907), pp. 186–191.

526
“to stand upon”: CW,
7:501.

526
“let him try me”:
Ibid., 7:499–501.

526
“both these conditions”: New York Times,
Aug. 18,1864.

527
“come what will”: CW,
7:506–507.

527
“serious damage”:
Christopher N. Breiseth, “Lincoln and Frederick Douglass: Another Debate,”
JISHS
68 (Feb. 1975): 19–20.

527
a broad range:
Allan G. Bogue,
The Congressman’s Civil War
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), pp. 132–141, provides an informed view of the nature and significance of Republican factionalism.

527
“give up the slaves”:
Richard Lowitt,
A Merchant Prince of the Nineteenth Century: William E.
Dodge
(New York: Columbia University Press, 1954), pp. 222–223.

528
“a competent leader”:
Browning,
Diary,
1:676.

528
“he is a failure”:
Maurice G. Baxter,
Orville H. Browning: Lincoln’s Friend and Critic
(Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1957), p. 158.

528
“an impossibility”:
Thurlow Weed to F. W. Seward, Aug. 26, 1864, Seward MSS, UR.

528
“Slavery be abandoned”:
Thurlow Weed to W. H. Seward, Aug. 22, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC.

528
“probable candidate”:
Abram Wakeman to AL, Aug. 12, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC.

528
of the Union:
Weed’s editorial, “The Wade and Davis Letter,” in
Albany Evening Journal,
enclosed in Ira Harris to AL, Aug. 15, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC.

529
“from the start”:
James Kelly to W. H. Seward, Aug. 12, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC.

529
“Port of New York”:
Charles Jones to AL, Aug. 21, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC.

529
“hostile hands”:
Henry J. Raymond to AL, Aug. 22, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC.

529
“badly beaten”: Jessie Ames Marshall, ed.,
Private and Official Correspondence of Gen. Benjamin F. Butler
(Norwood, Mass.: Plimpton Press, 1917), 5:35.

529
“save it afterwards”: CW,
7:514.

529
“up the Union”: CW,
8:149–150.

530
“own conscience”:
Hay,
Diary,
p. 238.

530
“which they do”:
Noah Brooks, “Two War-Time Conventions,”
Century Magazine
49 (Mar. 1896): 732.

530
“of the States”:
Edward McPherson,
The Political History of the United States of America During the Great Rebellion
(3rd ed.; Washington, D.C.: Solomons & Chapman, 1876), pp. 419–420.

530
defeat in the election:
Joel H. Silbey,
A Respectable Minority: The Democratic Party in the Civil
War Era, 1860–1868
(New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1977), chap. 5, offers a thoughtful
analysis
of the dynamics of the Democratic convention.

530
“wet blanket”:
Daniel Devlin to S. L. M. Barlow, Sept. 1, 1864, Barlow MSS, HEH.

530
“universally condemned”:
William Gray to George B. McClellan, Sept. 1, 1864, McClellan MSS, LC.

530
“their candiaate”:
George T. Curtis to George B. McClellan, Sept. 1, 1864, McClellan MSS, LC.

530
“had been in vain”:
McPherson,
Political History,
p. 421.

530
“twaddle and humbug”:
T. J. Barnett to S. L. M. Barlow, n.d. [c. Oct. 1, 1864], Barlow MSS, HEH.

530
“and fairly won”:
Sherman’s telegram was sent on September 3 but was not received in Washington until the next day.

531
“capture... of Atlanta”: CW,
7:533.

531
“in the party”: Donald,
Sumner,
pp. 187–189.

531
“run Mr. Lincoln”:
Much of the correspondence leading to this meeting was published in the
New York Sun,
June 30, 1889. See also the full account of the discussions in Francis Lieber to Charles Sumner, Aug. 31, 1864, Lieber MSS, HEH.

531
“remains the candidate”:
Pearson,
Andrew,
2:162–163.

531
“highest degree”:
Richard Yates to Horace Greeley et al., Sept. 6, 1864, Andrew MSS, Massachusetts Historical Society.

531
“and re-elected”:
James T. Lewis to Horace Greeley et al., Sept. 7, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC.

532
“on Monday last”:
Thurlow Weed to W. H. Seward, Sept. 10, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC.

532
“to American history”:
Theodore Tilton to John G. Nicolay, Sept. 6, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC.

532
Lincoln by name:
L. E. Chittenden to AL, Oct. 6, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC.

532
“fruitful victory”:
Henry J. Raymond to AL, Aug. 22, 1864, Lincoln MSS, LC.

532
“utter ruination”:
Helen Nicolay,
Lincoln’s Secretary: A Biography of John G. Nicolay
(New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1949), p. 212.

532
“peaceful modes”: CW,
7:517.

532
“in advance”:
Nicolay and Hay, 9:221.

532
“arduous duty”: John
G. Nicolay to Therena Bates, Sept. 4, 1864, Nicolay MSS, LC.

533
“nothing else”:
James N. Adams, “Lincoln and Hiram Barney,”
JISHS
50 (Winter 1957): 375.

533
“departments yesterday”:
Harry J. Carman and Reinhard H. Luthin,
Lincoln and the Patronage
(New York: Columbia University Press, 1943), p. 280.

533
Zachariah Chandler:
The only biography is still the Detroit Post and Tribune’s
Zachariah
Chandler
(Detroit: Post and Tribune Co., 1880). Chandler’s letters describing his mission are published in Winfred A. Harbison, ed., “Zachariah Chandler’s Part in the Re-election of Abraham Lincoln,”
Mississippi Valley Historical Review
22 (Sept. 1935): 267–276.

533
“Traitor McLelland”:
Zachariah Chandler to Letitia Chandler, Sept. 2, 1864, Chandler MSS, LC.

533
“placed him there”:
Alphonso Taft to B. F. Wade, Sept. 8, 1864, Wade MSS, LC. See also Hans L. Trefousse,
Benjamin Franklin Wade: Radical Republican from Ohio
(New York: Twayne Publishers, 1963), pp. 227–229.

533
“to his prospects”:
Henry Winter Davis to Samuel F. Du Pont, Sept. 28 or 29, 1864, in John D. Hayes, ed.,
Samuel Francis Du Pont: A Selection from His Civil War Letters
(Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1969), 3:393–394.

534
“have his confidence”:
Harbison, “Zachariah Chandler’s Part,” p. 271.

534
“take refuge anywhere”:
Hayes,
Du Pont,
3:393.

534
“administered the Dept.”:
Francis P. Blair, Sr., to Montgomery Blair, Monday [Sept. 1864], Blair MSS, LC.

534
“false ones”:
Ibid. For a sharply critical view of Blair, see Allan Nevins,
The War for the Union,
vol. 4,
The Organized War to Victory, 1864–1865
(New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1971), pp. 94–95, 104–105.

534
“but came”: Harbison, “Zachariah Chandler’s Part,” p. 273.

535
from the cabinet:
There has been much controversy over the alleged “bargain,” in which Lincoln agreed to dismiss Blair from the cabinet if Frémont withdrew from the presidential race. Charles R. Wilson, “New Light on the Lincoln-Blair-Frémont ‘Bargain’ of 1864,”
American Historical Review
42 (Oct. 1936): 71–78, argues that there was no bargain, because Lincoln had already decided to drop Blair and Frémont withdrew because his campaign was foundering and his approach for an alliance with the Democrats was rejected. Allan Nevins,
Frémont: Pathmarker of the West
(New York: Longmans, Green & Co., 1955), p. 580, contends that Frémont “rejected a bargain as dishonorable.” Andrew
Rolle, John Charles Frémont: Character as Destiny
(Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991), p. 232, says that Frémont did not personally demand the removal of Blair and “played no central part in this procedure.” The best evidence, then, is that Lincoln did consent to a bargain, negotiated by Chandler, trading the removal of Blair for the support of Wade and Davis; that, again at Chandler’s urging, he agreed to propose a bargain to Frémont; and that Frémont did not accept it but withdrew for other reasons.

535
“be reappointed”:
Nevins,
Frémont,
pp. 579–580. These letters prove that Frémont did not feel “insulted” by the offer of a bargain and that he did not reject it out of hand.

535
“in reputation”:
Harold A. Schofield,
“The New Nation
and Its Editor,”
LH
76 (Winter 1974): 206.