Authors: Richard Holmes
and William’s disgrace of Marlborough, 174
and Marlborough’s imprisonment in Tower, 179
and loss of Smyrna convoy, 182
and troops for Portugal, 208
and Marlborough’s Low Countries campaign, 229
Noyelle-en-Falais, General Jacques Louis, comte de, 312
Noyes, Chaplain Samuel, 8, 275, 294
Oates, Titus, 91, 178
O’Brien, Charles, 5th Viscount, 99
Occasional Conformity Bills:
(1703), 239, 248
tacked (1704), 299
Oerderen, 245
O’Farrell, Brigadier:
surrenders Diest, 75
Offenburg, 259
Oglethorpe, Lady Eleanor, 326
Oglethorpe, James Edward, 119
Oglethorpe, Lewis, 119
Oglethorpe, Colonel Theophilus, 116, 117, 119, 122, 123, 125–7, 158
Onslow, Sir Richard, 148
Opdam, General
see
Wassenaer en Obdam, General Jacob
Orange, Prince of
see
Nassau-Dietz, Johan Willem Friso
Orford, Edward Russell, Earl of:
in Whig junto, 35n; invites William to England, 137
and Marlborough’s resentment at William’s favouring foreign officers, 174
friendship with Marlborough, 175
defeats Tourville at St Vaast-la-Hougue, 179
in attack on Brest, 183–4
accused of complicity in Jacobite plot, 187
as head of Admiralty, 409, 414, 437–8
forbidden to engage French, 462
Orkney, Elizabeth Villiers, Countess of, 162, 164, 175
Orkney, Sir George Hamilton, Earl of:
elected representative Scottish peer, 20
as colonel of Royal Fusiliers, 75
announces Blenheim victory, 294
admires French behaviour at Blenheim, 296
and Marlborough’s princely status, 303
on Dutch opposition to Marlborough’s 1705 plans, 312
at Lines of Brabant, 314
at battle of Ramillies, 338, 339–40, 343–5, 347, 430
in Flanders campaign (1709), 421, 423
in battle of Malplaquet, 426, 430–1
on casualties at Malplaquet, 433
troops in Dunkirk, 469
Orléans, Princess Henriette-Anne, duchesse d’, 51–2
Ormonde, James Butler, 2nd Duke of:
and favours, 24
in Anne’s circle, 108
and conspiracy against James II, 136
as lord lieutenant of Ireland, 234
heads board acting against Marlborough, 447
succeeds Marlborough as commander-in-chief, 447, 461
proposed as viceroy of Ireland, 469
Orrery, Charles Boyle, 4th Earl of, 24, 70
Ostend, 242–3, 349, 398–9, 401
O’Sullivan, Lieutenant, 429
Oudenarde:
Marlborough advances on, 348
Marlborough reinforces, 372–3, 377
Vendôme proposes march on, 378
Marlborough enters after battle, 390
Oudenarde, battle of (1708):
Marlborough prays before, 139, 374
Hanoverian cavalry at, 202
Cadogan at, 217, 379–80
George I fights at, 261
prisoners of war, 368
site and field, 380
deployment and actions, 382–90
casualties, 389
Ouwerkerk (Overkirk), Hendrik van Nassau, Heer van:
moves against Villeroi, 241–2
at Lines of Brabant, 259–60, 315, 317, 320
relations with Marlborough, 259
driven back to Maastricht, 310–11
makes diversionary crossing of Mehaigne, 312–13
troops exhausted, 317
Opdam refuses to serve with, 318
at battle of Ramillies, 338, 341, 346
and attempted French landing in Scotland, 369
at battle of Oudenarde, 386–8
attends council of war with Marlborough, 391
death, 402
Oxenstiern, General Gabriel, 429
Oxford:
Charles calls Parliament in (1681), 91
Oxford, Aubrey de Vere, 20th Earl of, 27, 50, 138, 158
Oxford and Mortimer, Robert Harley, 1st Earl of:
and creation of peers, 28–9
and succession to Anne, 192, 468
Cadogan asks leave to accompany Marlborough on travels, 211
Strafford praises Cadogan to, 217
and Parliament’s refusal of pension to Marlborough, 234
and Marlborough’s attack on Lines of Brabant, 247, 315
and payment for Blenheim Palace, 301, 445
influence on Anne, 304
and Sunderland’s appointment to Vienna, 304
Marlborough writes to on 1705 campaign, 310
and Marlborough’s 1706 operations against Villeroi, 333
in Anne’s all-party government, 351, 353–4
and Abigail Masham, 354–5, 412, 438
criticises management of war in Spain, 363
Godolphin and Marlborough demand dismissal, 363–4
and Greg’s treasonable activities, 363
Marlborough’s relations with, 365
leaves government, 373
relations with Anne, 412
opposition policy, 438
and Sacheverell trial, 438
heads government, 442, 447
urges dismissal of Godolphin, 443
arranges dismissal of de Cardonnel, 445
attempts to deny Marlborough’s patronage, 447
Marlborough requests funding for 1711 campaign, 454
opens peace negotiations with Torcy, 458
and Marlborough’s wish for end to war, 460
calls on Anne to dismiss Marlborough, 461
and Philip V of Spain and Treaty of Utrecht, 462
and Marlborough’s departure for continent, 464
dismissed by Anne, 469
impeached, 470, 472
Paget, John, 184
Palatinate:
Turenne’s campaign in, 81
Pallavicini, Lieutenant General Charles Emmanuel, Baron, 368
Palmer, Lady Barbara (Lady Barbara Fitzroy), 65
Palmes, Major General Francis, 292–3, 324, 360, 416
Palmes, Patrick, 36
Panton, Thomas, 431
Parke, Colonel Dan, 297–8
Parker, Captain Robert:
on battle of Malplaquet, 8, 428
dismissed by Tyrconnell, 133
Protestantism, 133
on siege of Venlo, 228
and capture of Liège, 229
and surrender of Chartreuse, 230
and Farewell’s raid on Marlborough’s yacht, 231
on Villeroi’s attack on Tongres, 241
on Opdam’s flight to Breda, 245
describes marches, 262
action at Blenheim, 285, 287, 291
on drowned soldiers on broken bridge over Danube, 295
criticises Slangenburg, 323–4
at Ramillies, 334, 336, 340–2, 345
on ground at Oudenarde, 385
on Marlborough’s reconnaissance of Villars’ position, 455
in siege of Bouchain, 457
on orders to Ormonde, 462
on
Examiner
’s accusing Marlborough of cowardice, 463
praises Marlborough, 480–1
Parliament:
Convention, 44, 156
and Charles II’s request for funds for Dutch War, 77
Charles II dissolves, 91
and Popish Plot, 91
and religious differences, 110
James II dissolves, 131–2
refuses pension to Marlborough, 234
supports funding of war, 330, 355–6
first United Kingdom sitting (1707), 363
Anne dissolves (1710), 444
approves Treaty of Utrecht, 462
see also
Commons, House of; Lords, House of
Pascal, Colonel, 402
Paschall, Revd Andrew, 16, 127
peace negotiations:
Victor Amadeus-France (1696), 188
Alliance-French (1709–10), 215–16, 409–11, 410–21, 416, 435, 441, 458–60
French-Dutch (1705), 318–20
see also
Carlowitz, Peace of; Nijmegen, Peace of; Utrecht, Treaty of
Pembroke, Thomas Herbert, 8th Earl of, 325, 409
Pendlebury, Colonel, 221
Penn, William, 18, 198
Pennefather, Colonel Matthew, 207
Penruddock, Colonel John, 43
Pepys, Samuel:
in Tangier, 10, 59, 82
view of Marlborough, 10
on Nell Gwyn, 27
on restoration of Charles II, 45
on James II’s mistresses, 47
and Charles II’s army, 49
on court life, 55
on Charles II’s relations with Queen, 62
on behaviour of maids of honour, 84
rebuilds British fleet, 90
on loss of
Gloucester
, 97–9
Perryman, Robert, 222
Peter I (the Great), Tsar of Russia, 306
Peterborough, Charles Mordaunt, 3rd Earl of, 208–9, 280, 350–1, 368
Petre, Father, 129
Pfeiffer, Major General, 382
Philip V, King of Spain (
earlier
Philippe, duc d’Anjou):
and War of Spanish Succession, 192–3, 357, 410, 420
and peace negotiations (1709–10), 435, 458
recognised as king of Spain, 458
and succession to French throne, 462
Philipsburg, 159–60
Pick, Lieutenant, 69
Plassendale (Passchendaele), 399
Plattenburg, General, 382
Plessen, Christian Siegfried von, 107
Plymouth:
and William’s invasion, 147
poisons, affair of the (France, 1670s), 66–7
Poltava, battle of (1709), 47
Pope, Alexander, 473
Popish Plot (1678), 17, 91–2
Portland, William Bentinck, 1st Earl of:
as William’s adviser, 158
differences with Marlboroughs, 162–3
earldom, 172
retires, 191
warns Marlborough against leaving army early, 321–2
Portmore, Major General David Colyear, 1st Earl of, 24, 205
Portsmouth, Louise de Kéroualle, Duchess of, 63, 70, 91, 93, 108–9, 312
Portugal:
campaign in, 209, 248, 350, 410
Dutch generals in, 264
agreement with Spain in Treaty of Madrid, 459
postal services:
on Continent, 223
Poulett, John, 2nd Baron, 41–3
Prendergast, Sir Thomas, 207, 372–3, 416, 428
Presbyterians:
excluded from Parliament, 39
Priest, Whadcock, 465
Prince Edward’s Island, 459
Prince
(ship), 68
prisoners of war:
exchange of, 366–7
Protestantism:
Whig support for, 37
Marlborough’a commitment to, 138–9
refugees from Palatinate, 441
see also
Huguenots
Prussia:
troops in Grand Alliance, 201–2
troops in Brabant, 326
troops at battle of Oudenarde, 382, 387–8
troops in 1711 campaign, 452–3
claim on Prince of Orange’s territory, 453
public accounts commission:
investigates Marlborough, 460
Puisan, marquis de, 204
Puissiers, Catherine, marquise de (
née
Villiers), 163
Pulteney (supplicant), 446
Purcell, Henry, 143
Puységur, Lieutenant General Jacques François de Chastenet, marquis de, 384, 431–2
Pym, John, 83
Queensberry, James Douglas, 2nd Marquess of (
ealier
Earl of Drumlanrig), 108
Quesnoy, Le, 453, 462
Raby, Thomas Wentworth, Baron
see
Strafford, 3rd Earl of
Radcliffe, Dr John, 149