Raising Hell (31 page)

necromancy—
the magical art of summoning the dead

Nostradamus—
(1503–66) French astrologer and seer

oneiromancy—
divination by dreams

Order of the Golden Dawn
—magical society founded in London in 1887

Origen—
(c. 185–c.254) immensely productive and influential theologian of the early Christian church

Paracelsus—
(1493–1541) Swiss physician, alchemist, and astrologer

pentagram—
a five–pointed star, used in magical rituals

Perkins, William—
author of the
Discourse on the Damned Art of Witchcraft
(1608)

Petit Albert, Le—
manual of magic published in Cologne in 1722

Philalethes, Eirenaeus—
(fl. 1660) pseudonym of English alchemist, possibly Thomas Vaughan (brother of poet Henry Vaughan)

philosophers’ stone—
the secret material sought by alchemists to convert base metals to gold

Plutarch—
(c.46-c. 120) Greek biographer

pontificalibus—
the ceremonial attire worn by a necromancer

rhabdomancy—
the magical use of a wand or divining rod

Rosencreutz, Christian—
thirteenth–century founder (probably mythical) of Rosicrucian society

Rosicrucians—
a mystical order of adepts and philosophers announced in Germany in 1614

Ruysbroeck, Jan van—
(1294–1381) father of mysticism in the Netherlands

St. Bernard—
(1090–1153) abbot of Clairvaux, influential theologian and mystic

St.-Germain, Comte de—
(c.1710–c.1780) alchemist prominent at various European courts

St. Vitus’ dance—
a neurological disorder and form of chorea, causing jerky and involuntary movement. A hysterical epidemic of the disease swept Europe in 1500s; victims sought help at Shrine of St. Vitus.

Schropfer, Johann Georg—
(1730–84) necromancer and magician of Leipzig

scrying—
divination through looking into a magic glass or crystal

Sendivogius, Michael—
(1562–1646) alchemist and apprentice of Alexander Seton

Seton, Alexander—
(1562–1646) Scottish alchemist

Shipton, Mother—
(c.1486–1561) Yorkshire prophetess and witch

Sibly, Ebenezer—
English astrologer and occultist in eighteenth century

Simon Magus—
Samaritan magician of first century
A.D.

Swedenborg, Emanuel—
(1688–1772) Swedish mystic and author of
Heaven and Hell

tarot—
deck of seventy-eight cards used for divination

Tertullian—
(c. 160–c.230) Carthaginian theologian

Tetragrammaton—
the four letters comprising the Hebrew word for God

Trithemius, Johannes—
(1462–1516) Benedictine abbot and author of treatise on natural magic,
Steganographia

Valois, Nicolas
—fifteenth-century alchemist and author of
Cinq livres

Villanova, Arnold of—
(1235–1312) skilled alchemist, theologian, and physician to Pope Clement V

widdershins
—going to the left, the direction of evil

Zachaire, Denis—
(b. c.1510) French alchemist who claimed in 1550 to have converted quicksilver to gold

Zekerboni
—seventeenth-century grimoire composed by Pietro Mora or his coven, largely based on the Keys of Solomon

Zohar—
commentary on the Pentateuch, included in the Cabbala

zoomancy—
divination by studying the behavior of animals
Zosimus of Panopolis—
(c. third century
A.D.)
alchemist and writer

B
IBLIOGRAPHY

Anthon, Charles.
A Classical Dictionary.
New York: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, 1860.

Bauer, Paul.
Wizards That Peep and Mutter: Christians and Superstition.
Westwood, N.J.: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1967.

Butler, E. M.
The Myth of the Magus.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1948.

——.
Ritual Magic.
Newcastle: Newcastle Publishing Company, 1971.

Cavendish, Richard.
The Black Arts.
New York: Capricorn Books, 1967.

——, ed.
Man, Myth and Magic: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Supernatural.
New York: Marshall Cavendish Corporation, 1970.

Cellini, Benvenuto.
The Autobiography of Benvenuto Cellini.
Translated by John Addington Symonds. Garden City, N.Y.: Dolphin Books.

Chaplin, J. P.
Dictionary of the Occult and Paranormal.
New York: Laurel/Dell Publishing, 1976.

Crow, W. B.
A History of Magic, Witchcraft and Occultism.
North Hollywood, Calif.: Wilshire Book Company, 1968.

Davidson, Gustav.
A Dictionary of Angels.
New York: Free Press, 1971.

Drury, Nevill, and Gregory Tillett.
The Occult Sourcebook.
London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1978.

Encyclopaedia Britannica,
11th ed. New York: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1910.

Ennemoser, Joseph.
The History of Magic.
Translated by William Howitt. New Hyde Park, N.Y.: University Books, 1970.

Fielding, William J.
Strange Superstitions and Magical Practices.
Philadelphia: Blakiston Company, 1945.

Gettings, Fred.
Dictionary of Astrology.
London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1985.

Givrey, Grillot de.
Witchcraft, Magic and Alchemy.
Translated by J. Courtenay Locke. New York: Dover Publications, 1971.

Grant, Michael, and John Hazel.
Who’s Who in Classical Mythology.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.

Hall, Manly P.
An Encyclopedic Outline of Masonic, Hermetic, Qabbalistic and Rosicrucian Symbolical Philosophy.
Los Angeles: Philosophical Research Society, 1988.

Huffman, William H., ed.
Robert Fludd: Essential Readings.
London: Aquarian Press, 1992.

Kernan, Alvin, ed.
Ben Jonson: The Alchemist.
New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1974.

Kirschbaum, Leo, ed.
The Plays of Christopher Marlowe.
Cleveland and New York: World Publishing Company, 1962.

Lamb, Geoffrey.
Magic, Witchcraft and the Occult.
New York: Hippocrene Books, 1977.

Lyons, Albert S.
Predicting the Future.
New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1990.

Mares, F. H., ed.
The Alchemist,
by Ben Jonson. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1967.

Masello, Robert.
Fallen Angels.
New York: Perigee Books, 1994.

Mathers, S. Liddell MacGregor.
The Key of Solomon the King.
York Beach, Maine: Samuel Weiser, 1989.

McIntosh, Christopher.
The Astrologers and Their Creed.
New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1969.

Michelet, Jules.
Satanism and Witchcraft.
New York: Citadel Press, 1939.

Poinsot, M. C.
The Encyclopedia of Occult Sciences.
New York: Robert M. McBride & Company, 1939.

Redgrove, Stanley.
Bygone Beliefs: Being a Series of Excursions in the Byways of Thought.
London: William Ryder & Son, 1920.

Robbins, Rossell Hope.
The Encyclopedia of Witchcraft and Demonology.
New York: Crown Publishers, 1959.

Schmidt, Philipp, S. J.
Superstition and Magic.
Westminster, Md.: Newman Press, 1963.

Scott, Walter, ed.
Hermetica.
Boston: Shambhala Publications, 1993.

Seligman, Kurt.
History of Magic and the Occult.
New York: Harmony Books, 1948.

Shah, Sayed.
The Secret Lore of Magic.
London: Frederick Muller, 1957.

Smedley, Rev. Edward.
The Occult Sciences.
London and Glasgow: Richard Griffin Company, 1855.

Smith, Charlotte Fell.
John Dee.
London: Constable & Company, 1909.

Spence, Lewis.
An Encyclopedia of Occultism.
New Hyde Park, N.Y.: University Books, 1960.

Summers, Montague.
A Popular History of Witchcraft.
New York: Causeway Books, 1973.

——.
Witchcraft and Black Magic.
New York: Causeway Books, 1974.

Sykes, Egerton.
Who’s Who in Non-Classical Mythology.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.

Thompson, C. J. S.
The Mysteries and Secrets of Magic.
Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1928.

——.
The Mystery and Romance of Astrology.
New York: Causeway Books, 1973.

Trowbridge, W. R. H.
Cagliostro.
New York: Brentano’s, 1926.

Waite, Arthur Edward, ed. and trans.
The Hermetical and Alchemical Writings of Aureolus Philippus Theophrastus Bombast, of Hohenheim, Called Paracelsus the Great.
Boulder, Colo.: Shambhala Publishing, 1976.

Ward, Charles A.
Oracles of Nostradamus.
New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1993.

Wedeck, Dr. Harry E.
A Treasury of Witchcraft.
New York: Citadel Press, 1966.

Wheatley, Dennis.
The Devil and All His Works.
London: Hutchinson of London, 1971.

Williams, Henry Smith, ed.
The Historians’ History of the World.
New York: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1926.

Wilson, Colin.
The Occult: A History.
New York: Random House, 1971.

The author also wishes to acknowledge the generous research assistance received from the William Grant Archives of the Occult.

I
LLUSTRATION
C
REDITS

Frontispiece:
Dr. Johann Faust glimpses the sign of the Macrocosm in his study. Engraving by Rembrandt Harmensz van Rijn, 1652.
^*

12:
The demon Belial presenting his credentials to Solomon. From Jacobus de Teramo’s
Das Buch Belial,
printed at Augsburg, 1473.
^*

27:
Demon carrying off a child promised to the Devil. From Geoffroy de Latour Landry’s
Ritter vom Turn,
printed by Michael Furter, Basle, 1493.
^*

35:
Witch brewing up a storm. From Olaus Magnus’
Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus,
Rome, 1555.
^*

36:
Sorcerer selling a bag of wind (tied up in three knots of a rope). From Olaus Magnus’
Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus,
Rome, 1555.
^*

37:
Witches brewing up a hailstorm. From the title page of Ulrich Molitor’s
De Ianijs et phitonicis mulierbus,
printed by Cornelius de Zierikzee, Cologne, 1489.
^*

50:
The House of the Witches at Bamberg. Seventeenth-century print preserved in the Staatsbibliothek at Bamberg.
^*

56:
The Witch of Endor evoking the Prophet Samuel. Johann Heinrich Schönfeld (seventeenth century). Author’s collection.
^*

71:
The Necromantic Bell of Girardius. Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal, manuscript No. 3009 (eighteenth century).
^*

74:
Dr. John Dee and Edward Kelley raising a dead person from the grave in an English cemetery. Mathieu Giraldo,
Histoire curieuse et pittoresque des sorciers
(Paris, 1846).
^*

83:
The Devil forces a pact upon those who have conjured him up. Guaccius,
Compendium Maleficarum.
^*

84:
Satan rebaptizing young sorcerers. From R. P. Guaccius’
Compendium Maleficarum,
Milan, 1626.
^*

101:
Simon Magus, suspended by devils, Lucas Cranach. Schedel,
Nuremberg Chronicle
(1493).
^*

107:
Bouc de la goétie Baphomet,
the goat incarnation of the Devil. After Eliphas Lévi, from a pen drawing in a
French occult manuscript
La Magie Noire
(Black Magic), nineteenth century.
^*

136:
Pandemonium reigns in a Puffer’s Laboratory. Print by Breughel the Elder, engraved by Cock, sixteenth century.
^*

149:
Paracelsus. Paracelsus,
Astronomica et astrologica opuscula
(Cologne, 1567). Author’s collection.
^*

160:
The Comte de Saint-Germain, an Eighteenth-century Alchemist. Portrait engraved by Thomas.
^*

174:
Exploration of a Mining Area by Means of the Divining-rod in the Sixteenth Century. Georg Agricola,
De Re metallica
(Basel, 1571).
^*

187:
Palmistry Geography. Edward D. Campbell,
The Encyclopedia of Palmistry,
New York: A Perigee Book, 1996. Courtesy of Irving Perkins Associates.

188:
Major Lines. Edward D. Campbell,
The Encyclopedia of Palmistry.
New York: A Perigee Book, 1996. Courtesy of Irving Perkins Associates.