The American Future (54 page)

Meigs, Return Jonathan, Sr., 35–36, 43, 61, 71, 73; and removal of Cherokees, 96, 108, 316, 317–24; death, 324

Meigs, Return Jonathan, Jr., 36–37, 316

Meigs, Vincent, 35

Melrose, Iowa, 2

Memorial Day, 26–27

Methodists, 151, 183, 184, 187–93, 194, 204

Mexican-American War (1846–48), 59–60, 63, 69, 205, 246, 257–59

Mexican immigrants, 220–22, 245–46, 282–83

Mexican War of Independence (1810–21), 247, 249

Mexico: abolition of slavery, 249–50

Mexico City, 62, 247, 258

MFDP,
see
Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party

Midway, Georgia, 185, 194

Mier y Terán, General Manuel de, 247, 249, 250

Milan, Edict of (313), 14–15

Milton, John, 157

miners/mining, 212; Chinese, 268–70, 272, 279, 280;
see also
gold mining

Mississippi, 92, 93

Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party (MFDP), 134, 137–38

Mississippi River, 33–34, 79, 305, 321

Mississippi Summer Project (“Freedom Summer”), 133–34, 139

Moleville, Bertrand de, 236

Monroe, James, 223, 224, 225, 226

Montcalm, General Louis-Joseph de, 227

Montgomery, Alabama: Colored Baptist Convention, 205

Monticello, Charlottesville, Virginia, 52, 176, 296, 300

moon landings, 308

Mormons, 8, 142, 339, 340

Morse, Samuel, 264–65;
Foreign Conspiracy Against the Liberties of the United States,
265

Mosby, John Singleton, 104

Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 134–36

Moynihan, Liz, 136

Mulroy, Pat, 355–57

Murray, Judge Hugh, 280

Muslims, 147, 167, 174; immigrants, 298–300

Muybridge, Eadweard, 331

 

Napoleon Bonaparte, 47, 51, 89, 237, 244

Narragansett Indians, 152, 156

Nation,
289

National Cordage Company, 330

National Review,
308

Native Americans, 14, 114; Cherokee, 36, 71, 96, 251, 312, 313–30, 333–35, 352; Chickasaw, 317, 323, 325; Choctaw, 251, 315, 317, 323, 325; Comanche, 249; Creek, 71, 251, 315, 317, 321, 323, 324, 325; Oneida, 227, 231; Osage, 333; Pokanoket, 152; Seminole, 323, 325; Seneca, 231

Naturalization Acts, 242–44, 279

Navarro, José Antonio, 251

Navy, U.S., 114–17

Nelson, Admiral Horatio, 51

Nevada, 19, 259, 272, 311, 339, 354–57

New Braunfels, Texas, 262

New Hampshire, 17, 112

New Market, battle of (1864), 100–101

New Mexico, 249, 256, 259, 340

New Orleans, battle of (1814), 323

New York, 131, 190; arrival of Jews (1650s), 159–60; Central Park, 259, 276; cholera epidemic (1831), 192; 9/11, 5–6, 145, 298, 299; St. Peter's Church, 236; Sleepy Hollow, 26–27; Statue of Liberty, 283–84

New York Daily Times,
259

New York Herald,
121, 258

New York Herald Tribune,
276

New York Observer
264, 329–30

New York Sun,
256, 257

New York Times,
18, 284, 286, 307

New York Tribune,
81, 92, 117

Newland, Senator Francis, 342

Newport, Rhode Island, 156, 161–62; Jewish community, 159, 160, 162–65; visited by Washington and Jefferson (1790), 161, 162, 163, 164–65, 171

Nixon, President Richard 3

“No Hellers,” 149–52

Norquist, Grover, 310, 311

 

Obama, Barack, 5, 129–30, 203, 364, 366; at Iowa caucus (2008), 15, 16, 17, 18, 19–21; and religious issues, 140, 148, 206, 207, 208, 210, 300

Oberlin Evangelist,
178

Ohio Valley, 305

Oklahoma, 166, 325, 345, 349, 352–53;
see also
Cherokee Strip Run

Oklahoma!
(musical), 351–52

Olmsted, Frederick Law, 259, 260–63, 368

Omaha Bee,
340

Oneida Indians, 227, 231

Oneida Institute, New York, 177

opium trade/Opium War, 254, 271

Osage Indians, 333

Otto, America-Francès Crèvecoeur (Fanny), 225, 228, 231, 234, 235–36

Otto, Guillaume-Louis, 225, 237

Overland Monthly,
276, 278

 

Paine, Tom:
Common Sense,
222, 242

Pancoast, Dr., 82

Paris, Treaty of (1898), 121

Parks, Benjamin, 325

passenger pigeons, 229

Pattison, General, 231

Paul, St.: Epistle to the Galatians, 139

Paul, Congressman Ron, 1, 6, 12, 18

Pease, Elisha M., Governor of Texas 260

Penn, William, 158

Pennsylvanian Germans, 241

Pettiford, Reverend:
Divinity in Wedlock,
205

Pfaelzer, Jean, 279

Philadelphia, Mississippi, 138, 139, 140

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 65, 162, 264, 276; Jarena Lee in, 186–87, 188, 190, 192; Mother Bethel Methodist Church, 192, 193, 204

Philadelphische Zeitung,
241

Philippines: U.S. annexation and war, 112–13, 116–20, 121, 122, 123

Phillips, Samuel, 205

Pickens, T. Boone, 360

Pierce, President Franklin, 65, 68

Pierson, Sidney Herbert: “Today the slaves…,” 283

Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, 175

Pius IX, Pope, 265

Pixley, Frank, 279

Plumb, J. H., 134

Pocahontas, Virginia, 212

Pokanoket Indians, 152

police forces: Gretna, Louisiana, 4; and blacks (Indianola), 215; and immigrants (Chicago), 293

Polish immigrants, 288, 291, 292, 295

Polk, President James K., 255, 256, 257, 259

Porter, Maggie, 202

Potomac River, 64, 66

Powderly, Terence, 281, 284

Powell, John Wesley, 336, 337, 341–42, 343, 353, 354;
The Exploration of the Colorado River and Its Canyons,
337–38;
Report on the Lands of the Arid Region of the United States,
338

Price, Hickman, 348

Princeton and alumni, 3, 37, 185, 285, 290

Pritchard, “Gullah” Jack, 183

Providence, Rhode Island, 156–58, 161

Pulitzer, Joseph, 116, 117

Puritans, 35, 153, 154

 

Quakers, 35, 151, 241, 312, 315

 

Raboteau, Albert, 194

railroads, 88–89, 99, 114, 212, 269, 272–75, 276, 292, 332–33, 334

Randolph, Peter, 194

Rankin, John, 181, 183, 184, 193;
Letters on Slavery,
181

Rankin, Thomas, 181, 183

Raven, Virginia: Macedonia chapel of the Primitive Baptist Universalist Church, 148–52, 194

Reading and Pennsylvania Railroad, 330

Reagan, Nancy, 220

Reagan, President Ronald, 6, 308, 309, 359, 365

Reclamation Act (1902), 342–43, 353

Reid, Senator Harry, 221

religion: and African Americans, 139–40, 193–95, 207, 211; and Great Awakenings, 168–69, 177–78, 212–13;
see also
Baptists; Catholics, Romans; Jefferson, President Thomas; Lee,
Jarena; Methodists; Obama, Barack; Williams, Roger

Republicans, 6–7, 142, 144–45, 210, 220–21, 268; and Iowa caucuses (2008), 5–6, 7, 8–9, 12, 13, 17–18;
see also
Bush, George W.

Revolutionary War,
see
American Revolutionary War

Rhode Island, 156–60, 161–62, 166;
see also
Newport; Providence

Rhodes, Cecil, 121

Richardson, Bill, 15

Richmond, Virginia, 98

Ridge, Major, 324

Robespierre, Maximilien, 225

Rochambeau, Admiral Jean-Baptiste de, 161

Rock Springs, Wyoming: Chinese miners, 268–70, 279, 280

Rocky Mountains/Rockies, 272, 344–45, 357

Rodgers, Commodore John, 61

Rodgers, Robert, 101

Rodgers, William, 104

Rohrbach-lès Bitche, France, 123–25

Romney, Governor Mitt, 6, 8–9, 13, 17, 18

Roosevelt, President Franklin D., v, 3, 349, 359, 367

Roosevelt, President Theodore, 25–26, 113–14, 115, 116, 285, 308, 337, 359; as Rough Rider, 12, 112, 116; and U.S. annexation of Philippines, 112–13, 114, 118, 119, 120; criticized by Twain, 121–23; signs National Reclamation Act, 342–43; receives Nobel Peace Prize (1906), 112

Rosecrans, General William 95

Ross, Edward Allsworth, 288, 289;
The Old World in the New,
288, 290, 299

Ross, John, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 333

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 234

Ruleville, Mississippi, 134, 213–14

Rulison, Dr., 102

Rumsfeld, Donald, 6, 111, 145

Russian immigrants, 292, 293

Russian revolution, 366

Russo-Japanese War (1904–5), 112

 

Sacramento Reporter,
275

St. Louis, Missouri, 33, 34, 59

Sale, George, 300

Salem, Massachusetts, 155

Salt Lake City, Utah: irrigation congress (1891), 340

San Antonio, Texas, 55–58, 247, 251–52, 261–62

Sánchez, José Maria, 246–47

Sanchez, General Ricardo, 57–59;
Wiser in Battle
58

San Francisco, 269, 276, 278–79, 281

Santa Anna, General Antonio de, 250, 251

Santa Rosa Island,
see
Fort Pickens

Santayana, George, 203, 289

Santorum, Rick, 6

Sauer, Christopher, 241

Savage, Michael, 222

Savannah, Georgia, 79, 193

Saxton, Alexander, 279

Saxton, General Rufus, 195, 197

Schlesinger, Arthur, 136

Schwerner, Michael, 133, 139

Scott, General Winfield, 59–60, 74, 76, 79, 81, 258, 329

Scruggs, Otis, 144

Seattle, Washington, 279

Sedition Act (1789), 50, 52

Seguin, José, 251

Seixas, Benjamin, 162

Seixas, Gershon, 162

Seixas, Moses, 162, 163, 164

Selma, Alabama: St. Phillip Street Church, 205

Seminole Indians, 323, 325

Seneca Indians, 231

Seton, William, 230, 231, 232, 235

Seward, William, 77, 79, 80, 105

Shaw, Leonard, 318

Shays, Daniel, 44

Shenandoah Valley, Virginia, 31, 81, 104

Sheppard, Ella, 200, 201

Sheridan, General Philip, 102, 104

Sherman, General William T., 62–63, 86–87, 88, 89, 95, 96

Shifflet, Hillory, 30

Shuttlesworth, Fred, 139

Sigel, General Franz, 100

Simmons, William, 211

Six Companies society, 271–72, 273, 278, 280, 281

slaves/slavery, 37, 73, 74, 90, 177, 240; U.S. plantation owners, 32, 33, 52, 72; rebellions, 45, 183; abolitionist movements, 178, 180–83, 249–50, 253; in Texas, 253, 255–56; and the Civil War, 71, 72–74, 92–93, 197–98, 199, 334; and religion, 176–77, 184–85; and singing, 194–95, 198–202; and Lincoln's emancipation proclamation, 92, 197–98;
see also
African Americans

Smith, Amanda, 192

Smith, Barney, 368–69

Smoky Mountains, Georgia, 316

Smythe, William Ellsworth, 339–41, 343;
The Conquest of Arid America,
342

Social Darwinism, 115, 288

Soil Conservation Act (1935), 349

Sonora, California, 270, 271, 282, 283

Sousa, John Philip, 331

South Carolina, 72, 76, 175, 197–99;
see also
Charleston

South Nevada Water Authority, 355–57

Spanish-American War (1898), 116–17, 120

Spencer, Herbert, 115, 288

“Spirituals,” 199–200

Spotsylvania Court House, battle of (1864), 98

Springstein, B. C., 282

Stanford, Leland, 273, 275

Stanton, Edwin, 87–88, 89–90, 104

Steinbeck, John 349;
The Grapes of Wrath,
352–3

Steinberg, Joe, 134

Steuben, General Friedrich Wilhelm von, 43

Stevenson, Adlai, 3

Stewart, Bill, 339

Stony Point, battle of (1779), 36, 61

Storm, Jane McManus, 256, 257

Story, Reverend, 213

Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 185, 265

Strobridge, James H., 273, 274, 275, 278

Stuyvesant, Governor Pieter, 159

Sullivan, John Louis, 256, 257

Sullivan, Louis, 331

Sumner, William, 294

Sunday, Billy, 211–12

Sutter, John, 270

Sutton, Jim, 14–15

Sutton, Robert, 200

Syrian immigrants, 298–99

 

Tacoma, Washington, 279

Taft, President William H., 288

Taliban, the, 57, 169, 170

Tancredo, Congressman Tom, 221

Taney, Chief Justice Roger, 74

Tappan, Lewis, 183

Taylor, President Zachary, 63, 64, 257, 267

Tejanos, 247, 251, 252, 258–59, 260, 262, 263, 264

Tennessee, 36, 316, 322, 326, 328, 330, 333

Texas, 60, 220, 221, 244, 334, 346, 348; American immigrants, 246–50; War of Independence (1835–36), 250–51; annexation by U.S., 252–57, 259–61;
German immigrants, 262–63, 264; Mexican immigrants, 245–46; wind farm, 360;
see also
San Antonio

Thatcher, Margaret, 220

Thayer, Sylvanus, 39–40, 59

Thoreau, Henry David, 230, 259

Thucydides:
History of the Peloponnesian War,
41–42

Tilden, Samuel, 132, 203

Tillotson, George, 30

Tocqueville, Alexis de, 10, 19, 147, 306–7

Tolbert, General William T., 102

Touro, Isaac, 160

Truckee, California, 279

Truman, President Harry, 3, 41

Turgot, A. R. J., 234

Turner, Frederick Jackson, 114, 286, 307–8, 331

Turner, Nat, 183, 184

Twain, Mark (Samuel Clemens), 120–22, 277, 338, 358

Tyler, President John, 255

 

Ullmann, Daniel, 268

Union army, 26, 33, 80–81, 85–87, 91, 96, 195, 197–98

Union Pacific Railroad, 269, 272

Unitarians, 147, 166, 195