Authors: Mary A. Williamson Mt(ascp) Phd,L. Michael Snyder Md
Cancer chemotherapy drugs (e.g., cisplatin, mithramycin, cytosine arabinoside)
Fluoride intoxication
Antibiotics (e.g., gentamicin, pentamidine, ketoconazole)
Chronic therapeutic use of anticonvulsant drugs (e.g., phenobarbital, phenytoin)
Loop-active diuretics
Calcitonin
Gadolinium-based magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agents.
Osteoblastic tumor metastases
Neonates born of complicated pregnancies
Hyperbilirubinemia
Respiratory distress, asphyxia
Cerebral injuries
Infants of diabetic mothers
Prematurity