174 Ibn ‘Abidi n, Radd al-muh ta r, 1:35. This seems to be the position suggested by the quotations adduced by Ibn ‘Abidi n, though he does not spell out the conclusion in his own words.
175 For the tendency of the four schools not to stray too far from each other in their evaluative scaling of acts, see Schacht, An Introduction to Islamic Law, 67-68.