Double Victory (34 page)

Black Cabinet,
71–72

blackout tests,
150–51

black-owned newspapers,
31–37

Blackwell, Olive,
186

Bland, Consuela,
105–6

Bland, Marjorie,
106

block plan system,
144

blood drives,
173–75
,
192

Bluefield Daily Telegraph
,
101

Bluford, Lucile,
172

Boggess, Eva,
123

bond drives,
147
,
148–49
,
197–98
,
229

bond rally incident,
151–52

Booker T. Washington Red Cross Club,
191

Boston Common USO center,
167–68

Bowen, Iva,
207
,
208

Boyd, Norma E.,
72

Bracey, Eleanor,
108

Braddy, Pauline,
213–14

Branker, Dorothy,
125

Briggs, Arthur,
211

Briggs, Diana,
34–35

Bristol, England,
180–81

Brooks, J. Clarice,
179–80

Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP),
24
,
42

Brown, Birdie,
125
,
126
,
128

Brown, Jeanetta Welch,
26

Brown, Lovonia,
162–
63

Brown, Sydney Taylor,
177–78
,
186

Brown, Willa,
27–31
,
28

Brown
v
. Board of Education
,
235
,
238

Bryant, Clora,
213–14

Bryant, Willie,
206

Burma,
209

Burma Road,
134–35

Burnham Park,
115

Burns, Prudence,
125
,
126
,
127–
28
,
129

Burnside,
Vi
,
213–14
,
216

Burrell, Lowell,
129

Burrell, Rose,
24–25

Burton, Katherine,
148

Burtos, Flossie,
18

buses/busing,
3
,
55
,
75
,
142–43

Butler, Toby,
231

CAA (Civil Aeronautics Authority),
27
,
29

California Eagle
(newspaper),
33

Calloway, Thelma,
119–20
,
123
,
130

Campbell, Vera,
90
,
91
,
99

Camp Shanks,
206

camp shows,
205–12
,
215–17

CAP (Civil Air Patrol),
30

Carlisle, Una Mae,
206

Carpenter, Hattie,
18

Carrol, Montrose,
203

Carter, Mildred,
91

Caserne Tallandier,
113

Cato, Minto,
218–19

Cayton, Irma,
105
,
163

Chez Florence,
209

Chicago Coliseum protest,
52–53

Chicago Daily Tribune
,
29

Chicago Defender
(newspaper),
34

Chumley, Ruth,
63

Civil Aeronautics Authority (CAA),
27
,
29

Civil Air Patrol (CAP),
30

civilian defense groups,
144–52

civilian industries,
22

Civilian Pilot Training Program (CPTP),
28

Civil Rights Act,
3
,
235–36

Clarke, Marie K.,
175–76
,
192

Clarke, Thurmond,
202

clubmobiles,
178–79
,
186
,
188

Club Papua,
184

Club Paradise,
185

Coast Guard,
118

Coffee, Sherman,
172

Coffey, Cornelius,
28

Coffey School of Aeronautics,
28
,
29–30

Cole, Jonathan,
163

Coleman, Burneda,
12–13

Combre, Hattie,
12–13

Committee on Civilian Defense,
146

Concert Time
USO tour,
208

Congress of Industrial

Organizations (CIO),
24

Congress on Racial Equality (CORE),
237

conservation efforts,
168–70

Constitution Hall,
231–32

Consumer Information Service,
147–48

Consumers' Pledge for Total Defense,
171

Cooper, Gladys,
207

Coppin, Elizabeth,
188

Cornell, Ann,
206

Cosmos (Red Cross club),
82

Cotright, Willie Mae,
20–21

covenants,
115
,
201–2

Cox, Elestia,
135
,
136

Cox, Nola “Kitty,”
184
,
185

CPTP (Civilian Pilot Training Program),
28

Cron, Roz,
214

Culpepper, Geneva,
125
,
128

Currie, Fannie,
22–23

Dailey, Phyllis Mae,
77–
78

Daniels, Cleopatra,
91
,
92

Daniels, Eula,
105

Darlings of Rhythm,
231

Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR),
3
,
231–33

Davis, Bette,
199

Davis, Ellise,
192

Davis, Lois Mae “Peaches,”
35

Davis, Madine H.,
135

Davis, Tiny,
213–14
,
216

Dawson Creek, British Columbia,
181

“Debits and Credits” column (Lane),
238

defense contracts,
5
,
9
,
43–44
,
48

Defense Councils,
144

defense plants,
5–6
,
10–11
,
18–19
,
48–49

Defreese, Hulda,
107–8

Des Moines, Iowa,
97

Dewey, Thomas E.,
68

direct action,
50–51
,
53
,
54

distribution centers,
137–39

“Dixie Invades Britain” (Ottley),
180

Doctor Carver Club,
183

Dodd, Roberta,
225–26

domestic workers,
6–7
,
10–11
,
24–25
,
83–86

Domestic Workers Alliance,
25

Donaldson, Natalie,
105

Dorsey, Jeannette C.,
189
,
189

Double V campaign,
62–63

Double Victory Girls Club,
63

draft, of nurses,
76

draft, military,
44

Duvall, Hattie,
56
,
60

Dyson, Geraldine,
187

Eaton, Rebecca,
25

Eisenhower, Dwight D.,
210–11

Eldridge, S. T.,
52

Eleanor Clubs,
83–86

Elliott, Rose,
135

entertainers, war efforts,
197–98
,
234

Espadron, Lolita,
191

Europe, respect for blacks in,
217

Evans, Bessie,
125

Evans, Dale,
199

Executive Order 8802,
9
,
13–14
,
48–49

factories,
5–6
,
10–11
,
18–19
,
48–49

factory workers

civilian industries,
22–23

job security,
25–26
,
70

labor shortages,
5
,
7

labor unions,
24–25

racial discrimination,
5–6
,
8
,
9
,
11–18

recruitment of women,
7
,
8–9

training programs,
9–10
,
11
,
16

wages,
7
,
10–11

work conditions,
18–20
,
21–23

Fair Employment Practices Committee (FEPC),
9
,
14
,
48
,
64

farmers/farming,
122–23
,
171–72

Fat Salvage Committee,
169

Fauset, Crystal Bird,
67–69

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI),
85

Federal Council on Negro Affairs,
71–72

Ferguson, Lessie,
101–2

Fisher, Bernice,
59

Fisher, Thelma,
125

Fitzgerald, Ella,
205

Fleming, Maggie,
160

Florence, Arizona,
137–39

Foister, Daryle,
125
,
135
,
137
,
238

Food for Freedom program,
171

food production,
171–72

Fort Des Moines,
93
,
228

Fort Huachuca, Arizona,
27
,
104–5
,
106
,
107
,
160

four freedoms,
43
,
45
,
62

Foxhole Circuit,
206

Freeman, Susan E.,
121
,
124

Fuller, Jacquelyn,
111

Fuller, Winona,
111

Furlowe, Gertrude,
180

Gable, Clark,
199

Gadsden, Maude,
148

Gant, Florie E.,
133

gardening,
122–23

Gardiner General Hospital,
115

Gardner, Julie,
206–7

garment industry,
24

Garrett, Lula Jones,
32

gender discrimination,
8
,
103

gender roles,
1–2
,
6–7
,
8
,
34–35
,
72

German prisoners,
137–39

Gill, Roby,
122
,
123
,
130

Glass, Agnes B.,
135

Glover, Rosemae,
135
,
136

Goering, Hermann,
211

Gowby, Sybil,
188

Gowdy, Myrtle,
106

Grand Hotel,
216

Grant, Thelma,
60

Grayson, Wilnet,
107

greatest generation,
2

Green, Cora,
208

Green, Ernest,
40–41

Green, Leola M.,
122

Green, Norma,
75

Greer, Hazel,
102

Greer, Mazel,
102

Grimes, Chinkie,
160

Gunter, Patricia,
101

Hamilton, Joan,
125
,
128

Hammond, Velma,
116–17

Harlem American Women's

Volunteer Service (AWVS),
158

Harris, Bernice,
208

Harris, Georgia,
106

Harris, Sarah,
35

Harrison, Vera,
105

Hart, Fannie,
125
,
135
,
137

Hedgeman, Anna Arnold,
64

Hobby, Oveta Culp,
88
,
92

Hold Your Job clinics,
70

Holiday, Billie,
39

Hollywood, California,
199–200

Hollywood Victory Committee,
198–99
,
200

Holmes, Geneva,
186

Holmes, Inez,
125
,
126

Home Hospitality Committee,
182

Hoover, Gladys,
59

Hope, Lugenia Burns,
161

Horne, Lena,
203
–4

hotels, racial discrimination at,
195
,
213

Hotel Touraine USO center,
168

housewives,
168–70

housing,
19
,
81
,
114–16
,
201–2

Howard, Geneva,
188

Howard University,
56–57

Huggar, Bernice,
113–14

Hughes, Ernestine,
106

Hunter, Alberta,
209–12

Hunter, Aller,
21

Hunter, Irene,
63

Hunter, Jane Edna,
76

Hunter, Patsy,
160

Illinois Central Railroad,
22–23

“In a Man's World” (Briggs),
34–35

International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union,
24

International Sweethearts of

Rhythm,
212–17
,
231

“Interracial War Bond Rally,”
201

Ivory, Gertrude,
124

Jackson, Alfonso,
149–50

Jackson, Dorothy,
149–50

Jackson, Juanita,
35

Jackson, Lillie M.,
66

Jackson, Priscilla,
59

Jacobs, Bernice,
116–17

James, Ruth L.,
112

“James Parker Blues” (Calloway),
119–20

Japanese American detainees,
80

Jarboro, Caterina,
207–8

Jarrett, Bessie Mae,
93

Jarrett, Carol,
177–78
,
180

Jefferson, Althea,
116–17

Jim Crow laws,
213
,
214
,
231

job security,
25–26
,
70

Joe Louis Service Guild,
155