God's War: A New History of the Crusades (181 page)

Constantinople
2
,
50
,
52
,
59
,
61
,
98
,
108
,
110
,
112
–14,
116
,
118
–22,
172
,
319
,
320
,
321
,
322
,
326
,
359
,
422
,
425
,
535
,
851

fall of (1453)
844
,
846
,
847
,
850
,
860
,
863
–6

and Fourth Crusade
495
–6,
501
,
524
,
531
,
539
–60

Latin empire of
524
,
535
–6,
550
–51,
554
–60,
632
,
756
,
761
–2

patriarch of
4
,
551
,
616
,
850

Contarini, Venetian family
181

Cordoba
2
,
653
,
670

caliphate of
13
,
53
,
54
,
653
–7

Corfu, council at (1203)
531
,
542
,
546
,
547
,
551

cour de la fronde
213
,
232

cour des bourgeois
223
,
229
,
232

Crac des Chevaliers (Hisn al-Akrad)
150
,
197
,
198
,
345
,
403
,
721
,
813
,
820

Cresson, Springs of, battle of (1187)
367

Crete
138
,
556

cross, as symbol
63
–4,
65
,
70
–71,
250
,
255
,
259
–60,
279
,
293
,
375
,
384
,
389
,
421
,
480
–81,
567
,
657
,
680
,
755
,
771
–2,
803
,
853
,
854
,
861
,
892
–3,
896
,
908
–9

Crown of Thorns, the
556
,
558
,
762
,
783

Crusades

against Albigensians
563
–605,
608
,
610
,
612
,
622
,
894
; atrocities generated by
579
–80,
584
,
585
,
590
–93

to Alexandria (1365)
831
–4

against Aragon (1285)
898
–9

against Balearic Islands
664

in the Baltic
19
–20,
168
,
292
–3,
296
,
304
–8,
341
,
488
,
491
,
500
,
652
,
674
–712,
756
,
834
–5,
837

in defence of Belgrade (1456)
837
,
844
,
866
–9

against Bosnians
743
,
756

Children’s (1212)
585
,
607
–11

in Christendom
168
,
266
,
489
,
500
,
529
,
543
,
551
–2,
563
–605,
623
,
666
,
756
,
818
,
834
–5,
894
–905; opponents of
904
–5

communal structures of
93
–4,
139
,
149
,
153
,
155
,
161
,
162
,
295
,
299
–301,
309
,
311
–12,
314
,
327
,
414
,
420
,
467
,
510
,
530
–31,
542
,
547
,
607
–8,
627
,
631
,
632
–3,
644
,
761
,
763
–4,
775
–6

confraternities for
776
,
878
–9

to recover Constantinople
865
–6

crusades against crusaders
904

devotional role of
473
–4,
477
–88,
497
–500,
585
,
604
,
606
,
607
–11,
620
–21,
737
–8,
801
–2,
803
,
825
–6,
827
,
828
–9,
844
–5,
857
–8,
888
–93

against Fra Dolcino
899

of 1100–1101
170
–5,
261

of 1107–8
193
–4,
246
,
258
,
259
,
261
–3,
537

of 1150
336

in England
895
–6

as ethnic cleansing
674

to expand Christendom
838
,
914

Fifth (1213–21)
606
–49,
725
,
913
; (1227–9)
736
–55

First
7
–8,
27
,
44
,
45
,
46
,
51
,
58
–164,
258
,
483
; image of
243
–9,
255
,
263
,
308
,
418
,
468
,
641
,
659
,
662
,
773
–4,
802
,
829

Fourth
245
,
266
,
423
,
495
–560,
584

against Frederick II
762
–3,
772
,
774
–5,
834
,
895
,
896
–8

by Frederick II
736
–55

German (1195–8)
488
–96

as part of Great Schism
900
–901

against Hohenstaufen
805
–6,
834
,
894
,
895
,
898

in Hungary (1514)
881
–3

against Hussites
835
,
862
,
902

in Italy
835
–6,
851
,
895
,
898
–901

and kingship/nationalism
601
,
672
–3,
773
,
776
–7,
783
,
794
,
813
–14,
831
,
838
,
872
,
885
,
906
–12

and knowledge of wider world
912
–15

the last (1684–99)
917

for Latin Constantinople
756
,
761
–2,
763
,
772
,
775
,
835
,
838

of Louis IX (1248)
93
,
604
,
630
,
648
,
722
,
770
–802

of Louis IX (1270)
805
–12

to al-Mahdiya (1390)
852
–3

against Markward of Anweiler
500
,
516
,
894

mercenaries on
499
–500,
514
,
531
,
542
,
743
,
763
,
802
,
832
,
878

of Nicopolis (1396)
836
,
847
,
851
,
852
–8

and Orders of Chivalry
855
,
859
–61,
878

against Ottomans
835
–8,
843
–74

passim

‘Peasants”
59
,
78
–81,
94
–106

as pilgrimage
65
–6,
72
–4,
172
,
175
,
375
,
384
,
396
,
421
,
440
,
610
,
687
,
752
,
782
–3,
811

popular, of 1309
879
–80

privileges and vow redemption
63
,
64
,
67
,
74
,
258
–60,
274
–5,
288
,
293
,
296
,
297
,
375
,
376
,
383
,
391
,
431
,
481
–6,
567
,
583
–5,
607
–8,
612
–17,
621
,
622
–3,
652
,
655
,
664
,
666
,
668
,
671
,
682
,
685
,
690
–91,
736
,
757
–8,
769
,
776
,
778
–9,
834
–5,
852
,
865
,
871
,
888
,
892
,
894
,
896
,
911

against Protestants
902
–3

against Russians
756
,
835

scope of
834
–8

Second
8
,
28
,
93
,
105
,
167
,
189
,
199
,
216
,
245
,
260
,
268
–338,
341
,
345
,
384
,
418
,
665

Shepherds’ (1251)
721
,
802
–4; (1320)
880
–81

social and civil impact of
607
–9,
611
,
619
–20,
671
,
679
,
736
–8,
758
,
775
,
802
–4,
855
,
875
–88

in Spain
168
,
258
,
263
–4,
293
,
304
–5,
308
–17,
341
,
488
,
585
,
608
,
652
,
660
–73,
834
,
838

taxation for
276
–7,
297
,
298
,
381
,
389
–91,
424
,
482
,
487
,
490
,
499
–500,
508
,
586
,
600
–601,
617
,
631
–2,
691
,
697
,
743
,
747
,
757
,
778
–9,
808
–9,
814
–16,
830
,
831
,
832
,
837
,
865
,
871
,
878
,
888
,
896
,
897
,
900
,
905

Third
18
,
93
,
105
,
245
,
260
,
290
,
354
,
375
–474,
483
,
484

of 1239–41
755
–69

of Varna
847
,
862
–3

Venetian (1122–5)
265
–6,
515
–16

women and
295
,
396
–7,
415
,
420
,
428
,
483
,
486
,
619
,
621
,
736
,
802

Cyprus
52
,
53
,
135
,
138
,
145
,
195
,
781
,
817
,
826
,
834
,
837

conquest of (1191)
436
,
443
–6,
448
,
473
,
532
,
535

Frankish rule in
716
–33 passim

Daimbert, archbishop of Pisa, patriarch of Jerusalem
63
,
161
,
178
,
201

Damascus
12
,
187
,
188
,
254
,
264
,
267
,
268
,
272
,
330
–35,
344
,
346
,
353

Damietta
349
,
629
–49 passim,
736
,
784
,
787
–9,
792
,
794
–5,
797

Danishmends, Turkish tribe
11
,
127
,
128
,
129
–30,
173
–4,
190
,
195
,
201